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981.
The authors examine theory and research on team intimacy and team cohesion, and argue that the two have often been confused, merged, and used interchangeably in recent theoretical, empirical, and applied work on team effectiveness. The authors propose distinct definitions to clarify and distinguish between team intimacy and team cohesion, and suggest areas that will aid research and application. Their examination provides a framework for understanding the inconsistent findings in team effectiveness and team building research and thus helps to improve human resource management (HRM) interventions. 相似文献
982.
983.
Jon R. Kettenring 《Revue internationale de statistique》2012,80(2):205-218
Industrial research in the United States took hold and grew during much of the 20th century. Bell Labs, a corporate component of the Bell System, was perhaps the premier example. The period from 1925, when Bell Labs was formed, to 1984, when the Bell System was broken up following a government antitrust lawsuit, is of special interest because the system operated as a regulated monopoly during that period. Telephone subscribers effectively paid for research and development in their monthly phone bills, which provided an element of financial stability for the labs. Statistics research was one of many types that thrived, much to the benefit of the Bell System, its customers, and the science of statistics. The purpose of this article is to review, explain, and illustrate the circumstances that contributed to this success and to raise the question of how modern corporations, operating in fully competitive environments, might achieve some of the same benefits. 相似文献
984.
The ability of firms to attract qualified job applicants is a critical component of the human resource management process. However, while a large body of research has examined the relationship between firm recruitment practices and applicant pool attributes, very little research has investigated what factors are associated with organizational decision makers' utilization of specific recruitment tactics. We draw on labor economics, sociological, and agency theoretical perspectives to make predictions regarding the use of screening‐oriented recruitment messages in actual web‐based job advertisements. Results suggest that perceptions of labor supply, recruiting firm reputation, and the use of quality‐based compensation incentives are associated with use of screening‐oriented messages, which in turn are associated with applicant pool quality. These findings hold important theoretical insights into the factors shaping firm recruitment activity and provide practical strategic implications for managing firm recruitment objectives. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
985.
986.
Curtis R. Price 《Managerial and Decision Economics》2012,33(7-8):531-536
Experimental evidence has documented that competition may enhance the performance of male subjects in some tasks when competition is imposed exogenously by the experimenter. This note describes data for a task where a simple agency relationship is established in the laboratory between two groups of agents, managers, and workers. The manager chooses from either the piece rate or tournament payment scheme for the worker. The results show that male performance decreases when the tournament is chosen for them by the manager and also suggests that the gender of the manager may be an important facet of the agency relationship. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
987.
Daniel W. M. Chan Patrick T. I. Lam Joseph H. L. Chan Tony Ma Thomas Perkin 《Project Management Journal》2012,43(2):4-20
This article aims to identify and analyze the key benefits of adopting Guaranteed Maximum Price and Target Cost Contracts (GMP/TCC) over and above the traditional lump‐sum contractual arrangement through an empirical questionnaire survey conducted in South Australia and compared with the findings in Hong Kong. The Mann‐Whitney U Test indicated differences in perception between the two groups of respondents on the majority of the identified benefits. The study has provided an in‐depth understanding of the perceived benefits of the GMP/TCC scheme, hence leading to a wider application of those alternative integrated procurement strategies in both regions for reference by the construction community at large. 相似文献
988.
We model the relationship over time between multiple good and bad inputs to the child development production process and the multiple good and bad outcomes which are generated. Doing this avoids several well-known empirical problems associated with construction and use of aggregated inputs and outputs, the assumption of separability among inputs and outputs, and the estimation of reduced forms. Using time-demeaned data for a balanced panel of families from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth?CChild Sample for 1994?C2000, we estimate an output-oriented directional distance function that simultaneously relates good and bad inputs from home, school, and environment, to good and bad outcomes, measured as children??s math and reading test scores as well as parent-reported behavior problems. We are able for the first time to compute partial effects among endogenous outputs. Recovering consistent estimates of time-invariant coefficients using a second-stage estimator, we find that some time-invariant variables are significant. We also measure productivity growth, technical change, efficiency change, and technical efficiency. Children??s productivity growth is highest at age 5?years and diminishes thereafter. Finally, we investigate the effect on these estimates of the choice of alternative direction vectors for the good and bad outputs. 相似文献
989.
Christopher R. Reutzel Carrie A. Belsito 《The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal》2012,8(1):1-14
Integrating signaling theory with insights derived from the attention based view, this study addresses the question of which
types of upper echelons ties initial public offering (IPO) markets value more. Specifically, we argue that the signals conveyed
by upper echelons ties with publicly traded firms are perceived by IPO equity markets as more valuable than upper echelons
ties with privately held firms. Additionally, we contend that the signals sent by external directorates with publicly traded
firms are perceived more favorably by IPO equity markets than managerial ties with publicly traded firms. The theory in this
study is tested on a sample of 366 firms than underwent their IPOs during 1997. The results of hypothesis tests provide partial
support for our arguments. 相似文献
990.
H. Kristl Davison Catherine C. Maraist R. H. Hamilton Mark N. Bing 《Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal》2012,24(1):1-21
Organizations are increasingly relying on Internet searches and social networking websites to uncover detailed and private
information about job applicants. Such Internet screening techniques have the potential to provide additional information
beyond that found using traditional screening approaches. However, questions regarding the legality and appropriateness of
this practice, as well as issues regarding the standardization, reliability, and validity of the information obtained, need
to be addressed. The current work describes these issues associated with Internet screening and provides recommendations to
help ensure this practice is used appropriately in organizations. Suggestions for future research on Internet screening are
also discussed. 相似文献