The impact of a ‘soda tax’ on prices: evidence from French micro data

Based on an original data set of more than 500,000 non-alcoholic beverage price records, we evaluate the impact on consumer prices of the ‘soda tax’, an excise on drinks with added sugar or sweetener, introduced in France in January 2012. We adopt a difference in differences approach and find that the tax was gradually passed through to the prices of the taxed beverages. After 6 months of its introduction, it was fully shifted to soda prices and almost fully shifted to the prices of fruit drinks, while the pass-through for flavoured waters was incomplete. We also find that the pass-through was heterogeneous across brands and retail groups.     

Development in China＇s Foreign Trade： 2003-2012

China＇s foreign trade has entered a new stage, marked by some profound changes since 2003. After 5 years ＇consecutive high growth, China＇s foreign trade experienced a significant slowdown in growth following the onset of the global financial crisis in 2008. The purpose of this article is to present a review of the development in China＇s foreign trade over the past l O years, and to explore important changes that have taken place during this period of time. A majorfinding of the presentpaper is that the traditional forces driving the high export growth in China, that is, low-cost labor, low-cost resources and low-cost money, have been disappearing. The policy implication is that over the next l O-15 years, the most important conditions for sustaining high export growth will be promoting the development and export of private enterprises in traditional heaw industries and high-technology industries, and relying on technological progress and high produc6vity to propel export expansion.     

What Causes China＇s High Inflation？ A Threshold Structural Vector Autoregression Analysis

China＇s astonishing economic growth implies a necessity to understand its inflation. The present paper employs threshold nonrecursive structural vector autoregression analysis to explore the asymmetric effects of macro-variables on inflation in low and high inflation regimes. The empirical evidence demonstrates, first, that the reactions of inflation to various shocks are inflation-regime-dependent and asymmetric. Second, monetary policy influences China ＂s high inflation and adjusting the domestic interest rate in China may be an effective way to control inflation in a high inflation regime, but not in a low inflation regime. In a high inflation regime, a high inflation rate may cause the macro-policy authorities to increase the domestic interest rate, in an attempt to stabilize high inflation. Third, contrary to expectations, the world oil price is not a strong cost-push factor in a low inflation regime. Oil price increases may increase inflation in a high inflation regime, but there is no such obvious effect in a low inflation regime. Finally, China ＂s nominal effective exchange rate influences inflation in both low and high inflation regimes. A nominal effeetive exchange rate appreciation might be effective in controlling domestic inflation in both regimes.     

坏战略的危险

HoratioNelson面临着挑战。这位英国海军上将统率的舰队在特拉法加（Trafalgar）地区,面临着舰只数量多于自己的法国和西班牙联合舰队,拿破仑命令这支联合舰队破坏英国的商业贸易,并为跨越海峡入侵做好准备。1805年,当时普遍采用的策略是两支敌对的舰队排成一行,从船舷侧面相互射击。但是,Nelson在战略方面拥有不凡的见识,他知道该如何应对寡不敌众的局面。     

丝桶往复装置常见故障分析

介绍了丝桶往复装置的工作原理.分析了生产过程中常见的的故障原因,并提出了预防措施及故障处理方法.     

让梦想照进现实

狄更斯在《双城记》的开篇写道：“我们眼前无所不有,我们眼前一无所有”。这正是给我们所处时代的赠言。在全球创意涌动的今天,每个人都会有种感觉,身边充斥着空想家、梦想家、幻想家,想法一个接着一个。我们就每天仰望着氢气球似的主意在天空中飘荡,没有任何下落的趋向,一旦落地,即球已破,事已毁。是想法不够好？还是主意不够妙？好象都不是。     

论出口应收账款的跨国证券化

由于经济环境、法律框架等方面的限制，资产证券化技术一直未能在我国境内蓬勃发展。我国应实施资产证券化的突破口——出口应收账款跨国证券化，克服出口应收账款现有融资渠道的局限性，利用出口应收账款证券化融资的经济优势，落实出口应收账款证券化融资的操作机制等。     

Does the Domestic Value Added Induced by China＇s Exports Really Belong to China？

Since 2001, the exports of foreign‐invested enterprises (FIEs) have accounted for more than 50 percent of China's total exports. As foreign capital occupies a high proportion of the total capital of FIEs, most FIEs' capital gains are foreign factor income. Although these gains are calculated as a part of China's GDP, they do not belong to China's national income. To determine the real contribution of exports to China's welfare, the present paper analyses the impact of exports on China's national income using a non‐competitive input–output model capturing processing trade. The results show that every US$1000 of China's exports generates US$506.8 of national income. The real contribution of exports to China's welfare is much smaller than what we expected. This suggests that China should endeavor to improve the gains from international markets or find another engine to maintain its economic growth.     

研发高结晶度钴酸锂 促进民族电池材料发展

一、公司概况 宁波金和新材料有限公司(原余姚市金和实业有限公司)是一家从事钴精矿加工,集研发、生产、销售各类高性能二次电池材料于一体的国家级高新技术企业,位于经济发达的长江三角洲,杭州湾大桥南岸,环境优雅、交通便捷.     

中国与东盟四国吸引跨国公司地区总部的税收政策比较研究

东盟的新加坡、马来西亚、泰国和菲律宾四国(以下简称"东盟四国")在运用税收手段吸引跨国公司地区总部方面有很多有价值的经验。本文对比了我国和东盟四国在吸引跨国公司地区总部方面的税收政策,提出我国应该借鉴东盟四国的经验,把吸引跨国公司地区总部纳入国家引进外资的战略框架。