Permanent prices,expected price changes,and the demand for money

This paper investigates the empirical validity of the distinction between measured and permanent prices for cash balance decisions. The use of permanent prices has been advocated by Friedman over twenty five years ago, but the idea has received little attention in the literature. Using Canadian quarterly data, we find that the permanent price hypothesis yields meaningful estimates of the demand for money, but it does not appear to contribute significantly to our understanding of cash balance decisions. A number of assumptions about the relationship between the elasticities of income, price, and price change expectations are tested as well.     

Kartellrecht und GKV

Protagonists of the social health insurance (GKV) often consider competition law as being a disturbing factor for the realisation of the solidarity principle. As a consequence, there have taken place ideological struggles over the applicability of competition rules to health insur-ance funds for years. The paper deals with the four current main battle zones, i.?e., the general applicability of EC competition law to social health insurance funds, the relevance of Sect. 69 of the Social Security Code V (SGB V) as amended, the merger control of health insurance funds and the applicability of procurement law to contracts between health insurance funds and their health care providers. The focus is on the issue whether health insurance funds could be classified as undertakings within the meaning of competition law. The paper shows that the social health insurance and the private health insurance (PKV) converge more and more due to legal intrusions. It follows that exclusions from competition law are less and less legitimate. This is especially true for the offer of comprehensive health insurance including elective rates to voluntarily insured parties.     

中国的男性人口过剩--规模、结构、影响因素及其发展趋势分析

对中国男性人口过剩的规模、结构、影响因素及其发展趋势进行了标准化分析.研究表明:1982与1990年男性人口过剩规模与比例已处较高水平.更为严重的是在未来几十年时间内中国男性人口过剩问题将日渐严重,性别结构因素的影响将逐渐增强,并最终成为男性人口过剩的首要影响因素,年龄结构与人口规律因素的影响将逐年减弱.婚姻市场也因此将受到前所未有的冲击.