高技术产业国家价值链网络结构与省域增加值分解——来自电子信息产业的证据

为破解我国在高技术产业全球价值链中面临的低端锁定困境,需要构建并完善国家价值链分工体系。构建中国高技术产业国家价值链内生增值传导网络结构分析框架,并以电子信息产业为例,对省域国内增加值进行分解。结果表明,现阶段中国电子信息产业上游技术研发能力较弱,整体增值能力不强;下游间接关联产业部门数量及关联系数值仍待提高;除中游外,上下游出口国内增加值偏低,国际竞争力较弱;东、中部省域国内完全增加值占据优势,内生增值能力方面各有所长,东北、西部省域国内完全增加值及其内生增值能力均较弱。同时,中国省域国际垂直专业化程度未表现出显著地理地区特征,即使同一地域的省域之间也存在不同程度差异。     

电子信息产业国内价值链省域比较优势测度及空间差异研究

为应对后疫情时代全球电子信息产业加剧的“比较优势陷阱”,中国亟需通过国内价值链省域比较优势的互补协同提升整体国际竞争力。在价值链产品内,基于垂直专业化分工框架,兼顾增值能力与劳动生产率两个维度,使用非竞争型投入占用产出模型,设计一个评测国家内部区域电子信息产业真实比较优势的新指标。结果表明,东部沿海省域比较优势强度与广度最为显著,内陆省域比较优势集中于上游能源型部门;制造业部门比较优势凸显,服务业部门比较优势相对薄弱;比较优势高省域集中度与低省域集中度的产业部门中,均存在整体比较优势强弱差异,其中,高省域集中度产业部门比较优势强度更高。     

责任式创新研究的时空向度透视与知识框架建构

在科技社会深度融合发展的背景下,聚焦责任式创新,以2009―2020年WOS和CNKI数据库中879篇文献为样本,综合运用文献计量分析、因子分析和多维尺度分析,从时间和空间视角探索责任式创新研究的外部特征、热点内容、前沿趋势,并构建该领域知识框架。研究结果表明：①近12年国内外研究发文量总体呈上升趋势,但国内研究热度较低且尚处于初始阶段,国外科研合作网络紧密,积极推动该领域研究发展,同时该领域研究呈现跨学科特征,并逐渐形成学科交叉下的知识流动路径;②研究热点可分为4个方面,即内涵及理论框架构建研究,责任式创新与利益相关者参与研究,责任式创新跨界结合研究,责任式创新方法、实践及评估研究,研究前沿趋势可分为3个方面,即责任式创新与伦理规范研究、责任式创新与新兴技术治理研究、责任式创新的社会嵌入与政治议程研究;③基于因子分析和多维尺度分析,构建责任式创新的“情境―理论内涵―干预―机制―结果”CTIMO知识框架。最后,从责任式创新的制度情境、实践及扩散、利益相关者管理、组织层面评估等方面提出未来研究展望。     

Contracting and Reporting Conservatism around a Change in Fiduciary Duties*

We exploit an influential 1991 Delaware court ruling to examine simultaneously two types of conservatism that play important roles in resolving creditor–owner agency conflicts: contracting conservatism and reporting conservatism. The ruling expanded managerial fiduciary duties in favor of creditors for Delaware-incorporated firms in the vicinity of insolvency. In those firms, following the ruling, debt contracts are less likely to include conservative adjustments to accounting numbers used for covenant compliance (i.e., contracting conservatism decreases), while public financial reporting becomes more conservative (i.e., reporting conservatism increases). The decrease in contracting conservatism is concentrated in firms that exhibit a greater increase in reporting conservatism, suggesting that reporting conservatism is more cost-effective in resolving agency conflicts. In addition, the substitution effect is more pronounced in firms facing greater business uncertainty and firms with greater board independence.     

粮库机电设备招投标流程

机电设备招投标一般是由甲方委托所指定的公共交易平台代为发起,在所需条件范围内设置标书内容和所需交易条件,依照法律程序所规定的程序内容,对多个参与方提交的技术方案、报价、响应条件进行评审,从中选择最接近中标单位条件的一种交易方式。本文主要针对各企业机电设备招投标事项进行归纳总结。     

三峡国际招标：培育当代招标人——访三峡国际招标有限责任公司总经理于滨

提起“三峡工程”，人们是既熟悉又陌生。熟悉的是“三峡”的名气和“三峡工程”在全国乃至全世界的倍受关注：陌生的是三峡工程的运作和它的建设者们，因为他们行事低调，一直在默默地耕耘着，尤其是这些总处于敏感地带的“三峡招标人”。     

产业群内局部过度竞争的理论分析与对策

产业群强化了竞争,但是产业群内也出现了局部过度竞争。文章适时地对一般过度竞争概念加以完善,指出过度竞争存在整体与局部之分,并从产业群进入壁垒、产品差异化、社会均衡最优选择的角度出发,分析了产业群内局部过度竞争的形成机理。文章还运用塞洛普圆周模型,论证了产业群内的激烈竞争将会引起企业数目过多、价格上升等局部过度竞争现象。为了解决这些问题,文章从政府角度提出了相应的对策。     

Older and More Engaged: The Mediating Role of Age‐Linked Resources on Work Engagement

In the era of a graying workforce, individuals and their employers are concerned with the impact of the graying workforce on the level of engagement at work. Contrary to the myths about older workers being less engaged, statistics have shown that the level of engagement is higher as people age. Within the broad framework of conservation of resources theory in the area of work engagement, the current study aims to clarify how older workers are more engaged at work than younger workers. Building upon socioemotional selectivity theory and continuity theory from a life‐span perspective, we explain how individuals gain more resources as they age, including the abilities to regulate emotion and to maintain a career identity. We argue that this positive relationship between age and resources explains why older people have high levels of work engagement. We tested our predictions with a sample of 613 workers in the United States. The study demonstrates that well‐regulated emotion and strong commitment to career mediate the positive relationship between age and work engagement simultaneously. These findings contribute to the understanding of an aging workforce's engagement in the workplace. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

论现代制造观的培养

针对上世纪末以来制造业在人类科技快速发展带动之下所产生的深刻变化,本文以机械制造及其自动化专业方向学生综合素质的提高为目标,在深入分析现代制造属性、特征的基础上,从深化学生主观认知的角度探讨了关于现代制造观的培养问题。