产业结构调整与大学生就业影响研究

近年来,我国经济迅速发展,产业结构不断调整优化,形成更多对高端人力资源的需求。而我国大学毕业生的就业形势却越来越严峻,很多大学生面临毕业等于失业的尴尬局面,其原因在于高校输出的大学毕业生与市场需求不符。文章分析了产业结构与就业的发展趋势,剖析了大学生就业难的原因,提出了解决产业结构调整对大学生就业影响的对策。     

贸易条件理论研究的滥觞与发展

贸易条件问题一直是国际贸易的核心问题,它直接涉及到两国间贸易的利益分配问题.自“普雷维什-辛格命题”提出以来,贸易条件问题引起了人们的高度重视,众多学者进行了富有成效的研究.文章对贸易条件理论的相关研究进行了梳理和总结,特别是对贸易条件恶化理论导致“贫困化增长”进行分析与评价,并基于中国经济增长的状况下,分析中国的贸易条件状况,探寻贸易条件新的研究方向.     

生产率与中国高技术企业出口相关性研究——基于异质企业贸易理论的视角

高技术产业出口近年来迅速增加,容易使人得出我国贸易结构升级,国际竞争力加强的结论。我国2008年近两万家高技术企业的微观数据分析表明企业出口与生产率呈现负相关关系,这一现象不符合异质企业贸易理论。研究发现企业性质、企业资本劳动比才是出口的主要影响因素。高技术产业中加工贸易企业的大量存在是造成其违反异质企业贸易理论的根本原因。     

Energy‐milk price transmission at the product brand level

This article estimates the pass‐through rates between diesel fuel and retail milk prices at the product brand level. Using a random coefficient logit demand model and taking the direct and indirect impacts of energy prices, this research identifies changes in pass‐through rates before and after the great recession in 2008. Empirical results show that diesel prices significantly impacted the retail prices of milk products and are an important determinant of food price inflation. Pass‐through rates are estimated to range from 0.16 to approximately 0.60 through 2008 with an average of 0.22 for the whole period. Statistical tests indicate that pass‐through rates before June 2008 were significantly higher than after June 2008 when they dropped significantly to 0.04 to 0.17. Interestingly, private label brands have the lowest pass‐through rates, implying that compared to manufacturer brands, private label prices are more insulated from diesel price shocks.     

Motivations to grow energy crops: the role of crop and contract attributes

Perennial energy crops are a promising source of bioenergy whose production involves production risks, long‐term commitment of land and need for crop‐specific investments without the coverage of crop insurance potentially available for conventional crops. We conduct a choice experiment in five states in the Midwestern and South‐central regions of the U.S. to examine the effect of crop‐contract attributes on the joint discrete‐continuous choice decisions to adopt an energy crop and convert acres to it from a status quo use, while controlling for the effect of various farmers’ risk and time preferences, sociodemographic characteristics, and availability of crop insurance for conventional crops. We find robust evidence that high discount rates, high upfront establishment costs and need for crop‐specific investments create disincentives for adoption and allocation of land to energy crop production. The effects of riskiness of returns and risk aversion are less robust across specifications. The effect of conventional crop insurance on the energy crop adoption decision differs across types of insurance; in particular, farmers with revenue insurance are statistically significantly less likely to adopt an energy crop. Our results have implications for the design of effective contracts and policy incentives to induce the production of energy crops.     

辽宁东部水源涵养林计量指标体系及其效益评估

对辽东山区水源涵养林产生的各种效益进行计量评价研究,制定了水源涵养林计量效益评价指标体系,包括3级结构、16项指标、49项因子;依各功能因子的重要性并经测算,对各项指标赋予权重和排序,森林的蓄水、减少径流、改善水质功能的权重值较高;采用条件价值法,估算辽东山区水源涵养林的各种功能价值,森林的林副产品和木材收益的功能价值较高。辽东山区水源涵养林按整体处在一般经营状态下计算,年均创造功能价值约为30.2亿元。     

供应链金融的理论与实践概述

在经济全球化飞速发展和供应链管理理念不断深入的背景下,金融与供应链融合而缔造了供应链金融模式.供应链金融是一个处于物流、供应链管理、协作和金融交叉的全新的经营理念和运作模式,值得金融经营实体和供应链管理者的进一步关注与探讨.本文作为对供应链金融理论及实践的概述性文章,在国内外主要研究成果基础上,首次将其与物流金融进行了区别.同时归结了供应链金融的实践运作模式,并提出了供应链金融的发展趋势及进一步的研究方向.     

加强“三北”防护林工程资金管理的思路与对策

介绍了三北防护林现行投入机制、资金管理状况及使用效益,提出今后加强资金管理的基本思路、遵循原则和建设重点,并针对存在的问题提出加强资金管理的对策。     

废弃采石场植被恢复问题探讨——以北京市为例

采石场是受人类强烈干扰形成的一种退化的生态系统,对其进行植被恢复的研究成为目前困难立地植被恢复研究的重点与难点。在总结了北京地区采石场特点的基础上,指出植被恢复经验不足、生态环境恶劣、植被恢复技术有待提高等问题是制约北京地区采石场植被恢复的瓶颈,针对这一状况提出了北京地区采石场植被恢复的对策。