电子商务环境下以订单流为主线的采购系统设计

系统以订单流为主线,分析了采购系统的需求和数据流程,融数据统计分析及电子商务为一体,其开发主要包括后台数据库的建立和维护,以及前端应用程序的开发及网上电子商务平台的构建。     

产品创新:谨防陷入沼泽地

<正>在美国纽约的"失败产品博物馆"里,高达8万多件"失败产品"静候人们反思。其中不乏很多大公司的产品,功能强大,或很新奇。博物馆提供了这样一个数字:美国每年推向市场的新产品达54000多种,而真正受到青睐的只有20%。     

The Division of Labor,Investment and Capital

A dynamic general equilibrium model based on corner solutions is used to formalize the classical theory of investment and capital which considers investment to be a vehicle for developing a high level of division of labor in roundabout productive activities. If it takes time for a specialist producer of tractors to learn the right method to produce commercially viable tractors, specialization in producing tractors is infeasible in the absence of investment in terms of consumption goods which are consumed by the specialist producer of tractors before he can sell tractors. If specialized learning by doing can speed up accumulation of professional knowledge so that roundabout productive machines become cheap, such investment for increasing the level of division of labor in roundabout productive activities will speed up economic growth. Because of the trade-off between economies of specialized learning by doing and transaction costs, the model can be used to investigate the effects of a change in the transaction cost coefficient, which can be affected by policy, the legal system and urbanization, on the evolution of the division of labor, on real interest rates and on the saving rate.     

Does Consumer Well‐Being Affect Hedonic Consumption?

This article presents a theoretical model that reveals how consumers’ long‐term subjective well‐being (SWB) influences their spending on hedonic products. Using the longitudinal data from a large national panel survey, the study found that consumers’ SWB influences spending on hedonic products via the mediating effects of their positive interpretation of life circumstances and broadened set of activities resulting from positive emotions. The results are explained using cognitive tuning theory and broaden‐and‐build theory and have implications for hedonic products providers in terms of who their target audience is and how demand for their products is generated.     

渔业配额捕捞的制度构成及解析

渔业配额捕捞制度主要由TAC设定、分配配额、交易机制、监管措施等层面构成。其中,TAC设定主要由锁定目标鱼种、求取MSY、确立TAC三个层面构成;分配配额主要由配额发放对象和分配方法两个层面构成;交易机制则由参与交易的主体和客体、交易场所以及反垄断措施等层面构成;监管环节包括渔船监测系统、观察员制度、捕捞日志等措施手段。结合发达渔业国实践经验,通过对制度各层面的剖析,希冀为我国配额捕捞的启动实施提供有益参考。’     

全低变工艺开发应用中的问题与对策

讨论了全低变工艺开发过程中遇到的一些问题和对策,对中、小氮肥企业进行技术改造具有一定的参考意义。     

试析二十世纪前期买办制度之成熟

20世纪前期,外国资本主义和买办这一对合作伙伴在利益上经过半个多世纪的博弈,买办制度经过微调和发展,逐步将买办的无限保证责任制度、基本职责、职业报酬制度和外商对买办的庇护制度等买办制度的基本内容加以强化和完善,取得更好的双赢效果,使买办制度达到了成熟.文章认为对买办的界定应以其经济职能和职业属性为界,所谓买办制度,并非指由政府颁布或规定的成形的规章制度,而是在外商雇用买办的过程中逐渐形成、得到多数买办与外商默认的一套合作方式.     

实物期权在项目信贷评估中的运用

近20年来,众多国内外学者对实物期权进行了大量研究并得出结论:决策灵活性确实增加了项目整体评估价值。但这些研究基本上是从项目管理者角度进行分析的。本文着重从银行角度探讨了实物期权在信贷评估过程中的作用,结果表明:在传统的以折现现金流法(DiscountedCashFlow,DCF)为主导的项目评估过程中融入实物期权思想,将使对高科技类项目的评价更加客观、全面。对项目投资决策选择权的分析可以加强信贷工作人员对项目贷款风险趋势的事前判断,对项目在未来运行中的不确定性进行评估,并通过在合同中增加约束性条款,实现项目权利向银行权利的转化,以降低银行信贷风险。