排序方式: 共有27条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
21.
Isabel Busom ∗ 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(2):111-148
R&D subsidies are a common tool of technology policy, but little is known about the effects they have on the behavior of firms. This paper presents evidence on the effects that R&D subsidies have on the R&D effort of recipients, and on the probability that a firm will participate in a program granting R&D subsidies. The empirical model consists of a system of equations: a participation equation; and an R&D effort equation. Endogeneity of public funding is controlled for. Estimates are obtained with a cross-section sample of Spanish firms. The main findings are that: 1) small firms are more likely to obtain a subsidy than large firms, probably reflecting one of the public agency's goals; 2) overall, public funding induces more private effort, but for some firms (30% of participants) full crowding out effects cannot be ruled out, and 3) firm size remains related to effort, whether or not a firm gets public funding. 相似文献
22.
Jason Patlis∗ 《Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies》2007,43(2):201-226
Indonesia is at a vital juncture in the direction of its fisheries management. There is ample evidence that fisheries resources throughout Indonesia continue to decline and that over-fishing not only persists but is a growing problem. Without government intervention, fisheries, like other natural resources, are subject to open access and therefore over-exploitation. Confronted with the drive to increase fisheries production to benefit the economy, spur business development, provide an essential food source and maintain local livelihoods, the government must at the same time seek to ensure that this resource is not depleted. The enactment of a new statute governing fisheries affords an opportunity to balance these competing goals and address some serious problems in fisheries management and enforcement. This paper analyses Law 31/2004 on Fisheries and concludes that, given early indications on implementation, the government should more aggressively improve the regulatory and enforcement mechanisms needed to achieve sustainable fisheries management. 相似文献
23.
Bart Clarysse Koenraad Debackere Roland Van Dierdonck ∗ 《Economics of Innovation and New Technology》2013,22(2):77-96
This paper builds on social network theory to understand technological development. Based on the empirical evidence of 367 research organisations in plant biotechnology over a nineteen-year period, we demonstrate how a structural analysis of the research network within the technological community is used to identify four collaboration-based strategic groups of research organisations. The emergence of these groups can be linked to technological breakthroughs in the field. Analyses of the four clusters point to the influence of research collaborations on stratification within an evolving technological domain. Finally, as archival data sources are used to detect incidences of collaborative research and to trace the evolution of R&D networks in an emerging field, we conclude with a discussion of the potential contribution of bibliometric data to understand the development of new technologies in their early, pre-commercial phases. 相似文献
24.
Andrew T. Ching Susumu Imai Masakazu Ishihara Neelam Jain 《Quantitative Marketing and Economics》2012,10(2):151-196
This paper provides a step-by-step guide to estimating infinite horizon discrete choice dynamic programming (DDP) models using a new Bayesian estimation algorithm (Imai et al., Econometrica 77:1865?C1899, 2009a) (IJC). In the conventional nested fixed point algorithm, most of the information obtained in the past iterations remains unused in the current iteration. In contrast, the IJC algorithm extensively uses the computational results obtained from the past iterations to help solve the DDP model at the current iterated parameter values. Consequently, it has the potential to significantly alleviate the computational burden of estimating DDP models. To illustrate this new estimation method, we use a simple dynamic store choice model where stores offer ??frequent-buyer?? type rewards programs. Our Monte Carlo results demonstrate that the IJC method is able to recover the true parameter values of this model quite precisely. We also show that the IJC method could reduce the estimation time significantly when estimating DDP models with unobserved heterogeneity, especially when the discount factor is close to 1. 相似文献
25.
Motivated by recent empirical findings on the relationship between new clinical evidence and the effectiveness of detailing,
this paper develops a new structural model of detailing and prescribing decisions under the environment where both manufacturers
and physicians are uncertain about drug qualities. Our model assumes (1) a representative opinion leader is responsible for
updating the prior belief about the quality of drugs via consumption experiences and clinical trial outcomes, and (2) manufacturers
use detailing as a means to build/maintain the measure of physicians who are informed of the current information sets. Unlike
previous learning models with informative detailing, our model directly links the effectiveness of detailing to the current
information sets and the measures of well-informed physicians. To illustrate the empirical implications of the new model,
we estimate our model using a product level panel data on sales volume, prices, detailing minutes, and clinical trial outcomes
for ACE-inhibitors with diuretics in Canada. Using our estimates, we demonstrate how the effectiveness of detailing depends
on the information sets and the measures of well-informed physicians. Furthermore, we conduct a policy experiment to examine
how a public awareness campaign, which encourages physicians/patients to report their drug experiences, would affect managerial
incentives to detail. The results demonstrate that the empirical and managerial implications of our model can be very different
from those of previous models. We argue that our results point out the importance of developing a structural model that captures
the mechanism of how detailing/advertising conveys information in the market under study. 相似文献
26.
Book Reviews in This Article: Seeds of Plenty, Seeds of Want: Social and. Economic. Implications of the Green Revolution by Andrew Pearse China's Transition to Industrialism: Producer Goods and Economic Development in the Twentieth Century by Thomas G. Rawski 相似文献
27.
Environmental and Resource Economics - This paper examines differences in attitudes towards electricity fee plans when information is provided on electricity bills based on past electricity... 相似文献