政府补助、保险支付与老年临终照料成本——基于2002-2014年CLHLS死亡人口追踪数据的分析

为应对日益增大的老年人照料压力,我国各地试点通过政府补助或社会保险支付的方式满足老人的照料需求。基于2002-2014年CLHLS死亡人口追踪数据,文章用两部分模型、Heckman选择模型和结构方程模型,分析了政府补助、保险支付对老年临终照料直接成本和总成本的影响及其中介机制。研究发现,老年临终照料服务由保险支付的直接成本和总成本都比家庭支付明显更高,政府补助的直接成本比家庭支付更高,保险支付的直接成本比政府补助更高。保险支付和政府补助对照料成本影响的机制存在差异,保险支付主要通过收入效应对照料成本产生显著影响,但替代效应也发挥了中介作用,政府补助则主要通过替代效应对照料成本产生显著影响。文章的研究结论具有重要的政策含义。我国发展长期护理保险,应合理界定政府、市场、社会和家庭对老年人的照料责任,并明确长期护理保险的有限责任,尽量降低可能的收入效应和替代效应对照料成本的影响。     

我国军民融合产业对制造业运行的动态响应

基于db（n=5）小波函数,对我国证券市场军工航天板块收盘价与成交量自2005年6月以来的2 512个交易日进行时序模拟,通过对低频信号进行提取后认为,我国军工航天产业发展对宏观经济政策的依赖度较高,军民融合产业整体仍面临着深度发展的良好机遇。基于VAR模型,对我国制造业宏观经济运行指标进行了动态模拟、脉冲函数响应分析与方差分解。结果显示,制造业新产品订单指数可作为研究我国制造业经济运行的重要指标,经对数化后其每提升1个百分点或高端装备制造业指数每增长1个百分点,相应的军民融合产业指数分别提高2.86%和1.22%。为提升我国制造业尤其是高端装备制造业水平,应促进军民融合产业深度发展。     

中国城市规模和产业结构对城市劳动生产率的协同效应研究

文章基于我国281个地级及以上城市2000-2013年的面板数据,综合运用GMM、门槛面板模型和空间面板模型等计量方法,实证研究了城市规模和产业结构对中国城市劳动生产率的协同影响效应.研究发现:(1)中国城市劳动生产率与城市规模之间呈倒U形关系,与二产/三产增加值之比也呈现倒U形关系;(2)城市“规模红利”的发挥受制于产业结构,而产业结构的“结构红利”大小也受城市规模的影响.文章据此提出:虽然少数中国特大城市和大城市已经初步出现规模不经济迹象,但绝大多数中等城市规模仍偏小,“规模红利”还有待进一步开发,同时绝大多数城市还未充分发挥第二产业的潜力,不宜过早“去工业化”.文章据此对中国城市发展战略提出一系列政策建议,即要用更加市场化的手段鼓励城市规模优化和产业结构调整.     

Who invests more in advanced abatement technology? Theory and evidence

We study firm investment in abatement technology under a heterogeneous‐firm framework. We find that more‐productive firms make more (less) investment in abatement technology if investment and productivity are complements (substitutes). Under linear demand, firms’ abatement investments exhibit an inverted U‐shape with respect to productivity level. This finding is in contrast to results in existing studies. We also find that in response to tightened environmental regulations, more‐productive firms raise their respective investments in abatement technology, whereas less‐productive firms do the opposite. More‐productive firms have lower pollution emission intensity. The key theoretical predictions are confirmed by empirical tests using Chinese data.     

The effects of foreign strategic investors on business models in China’s commercial banks: does ownership structure matter?

Introducing foreign strategic investors (FSIs) is a vital step in the ownership reforms of China’s banking industry. Using China’s data from 1995 to 2014, we employ propensity score matching and difference-in-differences approaches to investigate the effects of FSIs on the business models of Chinese banks, including income structure and funding structure. We find that FSIs significantly influence income structure. The bank’s non-interest income (NII) share significantly rises after introducing FSIs. The higher ownership shares of FSIs are associated with the higher NII share. And the NII share has been increased when FSIs assign directors or senior managers to Chinese banks. We also report that the effects of FSIs on income structure are weaker in state-owned banks than those in other banks, and ownership concentration weakens the links between FSIs and income structure. Finally, this article shows that FSIs have no significant influence on funding structure. These findings will be informative and relevant to both policymakers and practitioners.     

International Trade and R&D Investment: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms

A current concern for China's long‐term growth prospect is whether China can become an innovative economy and achieve industrial upgrading to compensate for the gradually declining competitiveness resulting from low‐cost labor. The present study examines this issue by exploring how trade participation impacts on the R&D investment of manufacturing firms through various channels. Merging China's Annual Manufacturing Survey Dataset and the Chinese Customs Dataset allows us to study such a relationship at the individual firm level. The empirical results suggest that channels such as geographical diversification of export markets, share of imports from high‐income countries, average unit value of imports, number of intermediate goods and capital goods imports, and the trade regime are significant factors that influence firm‐level R&D investment. The study discusses the policy implications of the empirical findings in relation to industrial and trade policies that may be potentially beneficial for China's transition towards an innovative economy.     

Cryptocurrency,confirmatory bias and news readability – evidence from the largest Chinese cryptocurrency exchange

We investigate whether Chinese cryptocurrency investors show confirmatory bias when processing authority‐related news. Authority‐related news is defined as news that is related to government authority (including central bank) policies or talk. By using data from the largest cryptocurrency exchange in China, we find that investors’ response to authority‐related news is negative and significant in general. Moreover, we find that the abnormal trading volume and standard deviation of abnormal trading volume are significantly higher for authority‐related news with higher readability, suggesting investors respond to the more readable authority‐related news with more trading behaviour.     

资源型地区转型的财政转移支付法律问题研究——以山西省为例

实施区域协调发展战略、实现资源型地区转型发展离不开作为国家宏观调控、政府干预和政策指导的主要手段之一的财政转移支付法律制度的支持,但现行财政转移支付法律制度制约着资源型地区的转型发展,如缺乏高层次的财政转移支付法律制度、横向转移支付法律制度缺位、资源型地区专项转移支付法律制度供求不均衡。并以山西省为例,从法经济学的视角,采用bootstrap方法进行实证分析得到资源型地区专项转移支付结构存在项目设置脱离实际、资金分配不合理的问题,据此提出完善资源型地区转型发展的财政转移支付法律制度的建议。     

Pricing temperature derivatives with a filtered historical simulation approach

In this paper, we propose pricing temperature derivatives using a filtered historical simulation (FHS) approach that amalgamates model-based treatment of volatility and empirical innovation density. The FHS approach implicitly captures the risk premium with the entire risk-neutral model (except the innovation distribution), thereby providing significantly more flexibility than existing methods that use only one designated parameter to capture the risk premium. Additionally, instead of relying on the fitted innovation distribution, the FHS approach uses empirical innovations to capture excess skewness, excess kurtosis, and other non-standard features in the temperature data, all of which are important for the correct pricing of temperature derivatives. We apply the FHS approach to pricing derivatives written on the temperature of Chicago, and demonstrate that this approach yields better in-sample and out-of-sample pricing performance than the constant market price of risk method and the consumption-based method.     

Innovation capability and post-IPO performance

This paper studies how firms’ innovation capability is related to their stock performance and eventual survival for a sample of biotech IPO firms. We create product-related measures of firms’ innovation capability by tracking the changes in R&D expenses, products, patents, strategic alliances, and product development stages for our sample firms, as disclosed in their IPO prospectuses and third post-IPO 10-K filings. We find that innovation capability is critical to contemporaneous stock performance and eventual firm survival. Biotech IPO firms are more likely to succeed in the long run, if they are able to expand the scale of their research undertakings and make progress in these research activities.