True burden of drowning: compiling data to meet the new definition

The objective and aim of the study was to compile empirical data to quantify the underestimation of the true burden of drowning and to compare drowning rates using commonly reported codes compared with those revealed by use of the full range of drowning codes in ICD version 10. The authors reviewed mortality data (1999-2002) from Australia and the USA and compiled data to compare the burden of 'unintentional drowning' with that of 'all drowning'. In both Australia and the USA, drowning mortality is more than 35% higher when a full range of codes is examined. A more comprehensive representation of the drowning problem is needed to assist in strengthening prevention activities.     

Does housework lower wages? Evidence for Britain

This paper uses the British Household Panel Survey to present the first estimates of the housework-wage relationship in Britain. Controlling for permanent unobserved heterogeneity, we find that housework has a negative impact on the wages of men and women, both married and single, who work full-time. Among women working part-time, only single women suffer a housework penalty. The housework penalty is uniform across occupations within full-time jobs but some part-time jobs appear to be more compatible with housework than others. We find tentative evidence that the housework penalty is larger when there are children present.     

来自伦敦的启发

今天早上我读了一条最令人惊奇的新闻,说的是在英国,每天早上交通高峰期间,伦敦是拥有最低人均碳排放的城市。这就是我们从书本上了解到的世界上受雾的影响最严重的城市之一,也就是《雾都孤儿》里的那个伦敦。那么,新闻中所说的现象是怎么形成的呢？