小云峰水电站右岸副坝渗水处理

小云峰水电站右岸副坝为混凝土重力式自由溢流坝。坝基岩质坚硬,裂隙较发育。推荐处理设计方案为:在溢流坝坝面以下2m采用伸缩性(柔性)化灌材料(聚氨酯类)灌注满,使坝缝内的水不从坝面渗出,同时保证一定的抗冻深度,排水孔、灌浆孔、排气孔均采用斜孔,避免破坏止水。     

The optimal retrieval of ocean color constituent concentrations based on the variational method

In this paper, a new approach to the optimal retrieval of the ocean color based on the variational method is developed by setting up a rational target functional combining with the Broydor Fletcher, Goldfarb, Shanno (BFGS) optimal algorithm. The numerical tests and the exemplary retrievals are carried out and compared with the statistical retrievals and the optimal retrievals based on the genetic algorithm. The results show that this approach enjoys a higher accuracy as compared to the statistical method and a higher efficiency as compared to the genetic algorithm. The optimal retrieval method presented in this paper provides a new idea for the ocean color inversion and could also be used as a reference for the direct assimilation of the satellite data into the ecological models.     

Modeling and analysis of effects of precipitation and vegetation coverage on runoff and sediment yield in Jinsha River Basin

This paper focuses on the effects of precipitation and vegetation coverage on runoff and sediment yield in the Jinsha River Basin. Results of regression analysis were taken as input variables to investigate the applicability of the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) to simulating annual runoff and sediment yield. Correlation analysis indicates that runoff and sediment yield are positively correlated with the precipitation indices, while negatively correlated with the vegetation indices. Furthermore, the results of stepwise regression show that annual precipitation is the most important factor influencing the variation of runoff, followed by forest coverage, and their contributions to the variation of runoff are 69.8% and 17.3%, respectively. For sediment yield, rainfall erosivity is the most important factor, followed by forest coverage, and their contributions to the variation of sediment yield are 49.3% and 24.2%, respectively. The ANFIS model is of high precision in runoff forecasting, with a relative error of less than 5%, but of poor precision in sediment yield forecasting, indicating that precipitation and vegetation coverage can explain only part of the variation of sediment yield, and that other impact factors, such as human activities, should be sufficiently considered as well.     

南水北调工程法治建设研究

在分析南水北调工程有关法律、法规、方针、政策等法制建设现状和问题的基础上,通过分析南水北调工程建设及建成后的运行、管理、保护等工作实际和发展趋势,借鉴国内外跨流域调水等基础设施的建设管理经验,从法制体系建设的高度,对南水北调工程下一步亟需采取的法制建设思路和相关措施进行研究探讨。     

半干旱半荒漠地区沙柳周边土壤水分分布规律研究

土壤与植被是土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)系统中两个相互依存和影响的重要因素.土壤水分是影响沙地植被稳定性的决定因素之一.通过对半干旱半荒漠地区主要植被沙柳根系发育区域内土壤水分的测定,分析了植被周围土壤含水量在水平、垂直方向的变化规律以及土壤含水量与日照、降雨、沙坡位置等因子的关系.结果表明:降雨引起沙地表层土壤含水量增加;65 cm深度土壤含水量偏小;根系的分布使得植株下方土壤含水量减少;土壤水分和植物根系存在相互作用的关系.     

基于RAGA的水稻敏感指数累积函数研究

水稻敏感指数累积函数的提出,解决了水分敏感指数研究过程中理论研究与实际应用相矛盾的问题,使水分生产函数的应用更为方便。但敏感指数累积函数的拟合过程十分繁琐,应用存在一定难度。针对上述问题,利用实码加速遗传算法直接拟合敏感指数累积函数,研究结果表明,该方法思路清晰,不需要任何公式转化,计算简便,精度比传统方法高,为敏感指数累积函数的应用提供了有效的方法。     

大庆市河湖连通工程园林景观影响评价

工程项目区位于大庆市东部低湿草甸草原区,湿草甸及芦苇泡沼发育,具有黑龙江省西部湿草甸及芦苇泡沼典型景观。根据风景质量评价标准,对项目区的风景进行了定量评价,评价为B级,并用景观敏感度影响评价方法,提出合适的保护措施。     

探地雷达在水利工程安全检测中的应用

以陕西神木采兔沟水库工程为实例,对探地雷达的工作原理及实际应用进行了介绍。结合采兔沟泄洪洞洞身的质量检测对具体的测线布置、探测方法及参数选择进行了阐述,在探测中,针对泄洪洞具体形状,在不同部位共布置了17条测线,经对检测结果分析,发现导流泄洪洞底板下方虽存在疏松区域,但不存在空洞,其他部位亦无大的缺陷,不影响安全运行。     

基于神经网络参数优化的岩体边坡稳定性评价

高陡岩体边坡的稳定性是一个内部存在多种相互联系、相互影响因素的复杂系统,而BP人工神经网络属于非线性动态系统,较适合用于评价高陡岩体边坡稳定性.分析了BP网络模型参数对高陡岩体边坡稳定性评价精度的影响,并提出了对模型参数进行优化,以提高预测精度的若干办法.用一工程实例对参数优化后的BP神经网络在高陡岩体边坡稳定性评价中的应用效果进行了检验.研究表明,用经参数优化的BP人工神经网络模型预测高陡岩体边坡稳定性是可行的,预测结果虽然与实际状态存在一定的误差,但仍可以相对准确地反映边坡稳定状况.     

复杂排沙廊道泄流能力分析研究

排沙廊道是水电站设计中常见的一种建筑物,在工程设计中对于一些形态弯曲、结构及流态复杂的排沙廊道,目前能有效测算其泄流能力的计算公式并不多见。以南盘江大桥水电站为例,基于水电站首部枢纽水力学模型试验资料成果,以能量方程为基础,从单位流量所产生的阻力损失进行分析,建立了本工程复杂廊道泄流能力计算公式,计算成果同模型试验成果相吻合,可供类似工程设计参考,也为类似复杂建筑物泄流能力分析提供了研究思路。