全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58780篇 |
免费 | 1282篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 9324篇 |
工业经济 | 3624篇 |
计划管理 | 7960篇 |
经济学 | 11114篇 |
综合类 | 625篇 |
运输经济 | 337篇 |
旅游经济 | 848篇 |
贸易经济 | 7681篇 |
农业经济 | 2411篇 |
经济概况 | 6764篇 |
水利工程 | 9256篇 |
信息产业经济 | 1篇 |
邮电经济 | 125篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 428篇 |
2020年 | 590篇 |
2019年 | 860篇 |
2018年 | 1283篇 |
2017年 | 1210篇 |
2016年 | 1256篇 |
2015年 | 798篇 |
2014年 | 1256篇 |
2013年 | 5382篇 |
2012年 | 1893篇 |
2011年 | 1983篇 |
2010年 | 1448篇 |
2009年 | 1646篇 |
2008年 | 1810篇 |
2007年 | 1847篇 |
2006年 | 1701篇 |
2005年 | 1590篇 |
2004年 | 1620篇 |
2003年 | 1173篇 |
2002年 | 1176篇 |
2001年 | 1122篇 |
2000年 | 1060篇 |
1999年 | 1005篇 |
1998年 | 947篇 |
1997年 | 977篇 |
1996年 | 957篇 |
1995年 | 856篇 |
1994年 | 882篇 |
1993年 | 922篇 |
1992年 | 907篇 |
1991年 | 915篇 |
1990年 | 832篇 |
1989年 | 748篇 |
1988年 | 737篇 |
1987年 | 714篇 |
1986年 | 706篇 |
1985年 | 1040篇 |
1984年 | 986篇 |
1983年 | 968篇 |
1982年 | 892篇 |
1981年 | 806篇 |
1980年 | 868篇 |
1979年 | 828篇 |
1978年 | 694篇 |
1977年 | 648篇 |
1976年 | 568篇 |
1975年 | 562篇 |
1974年 | 499篇 |
1973年 | 498篇 |
1972年 | 371篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
31.
32.
Fares A. Ghandour Paulina Swartz Heidi M. Grenek Edward B. Roberts 《Technology Analysis & Strategic Management》2004,16(4):435-455
The number of firms using alliances as part of their corporate venturing or market entry strategies has surged over the past decade. Three common reasons cited for pursuing alliances are technology convergence, market access and alliance partners' complementary resources. This paper contrasts the alliance strategies of HP and IBM, two major competitors in electronic services (i.e. Internet-based 'e- service') businesses, using the Familiarity Matrix as a display tool to portray the strategies. Whereas the HP strategy is to attempt to establish its technology infrastructure as the standard e-services infrastructure on the Internet, IBM aims to position its IBM Global Services, rather than its technology, at the center of this ecosystem. 相似文献
33.
J. L. Bencze 《International Journal of Technology and Design Education》2001,11(3):273-298
The status quo for school science and technology is unacceptable. While the former often is required for admission to university engineering,
as well as to science programmes, the latter is deemed most appropriate for less able, concrete thinkers. This situation persists,
despite the fact school science tends to generate large groups of citizens who are relatively scientifically and technologically
illiterate, largely as a result of its preoccupation with identifying and training potential scientists and engineers. This
practice is tyrannical. It must be abandoned forthwith. A realistic alternative is a combined technology and science programme
– perhaps called 'technoscience' education – that would treat science and technology as equals. Such courses may, as well,
be more democratic in the sense that technological problem solving often is more natural to everyday situations that everyone
may find useful, not just future scientists or engineers. A framework for combined technology and science courses is described
and defended here. Originally developed through collaborative action research amongst practising teachers of science, the
approach appears to be feasible, under certain – perhaps ideal – conditions. A number of changes to science and technology
education may be necessary for broader implementation, not the least of which is a general retrenchment in expectations for
pre-determined learning, along with adjustments to teacher education. Nevertheless, the approach is recommended because of
its emphasis on: personalization, inclusion, problematization, explicitness, apprenticeship, authenticity, contextualization
and freedom.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
34.
The Private Finance Initiative (PFI) was launched by the United Kingdom Government in 1992 in order to encourage the private sector in the UK to become more involved in public sector development projects. A key theme of the initiative was that the public should receive 'value for money'. This article investigates the accounting issue as to whether or not the private or the public sector should record any property related to PFI projects on balance sheet. It argues that although both HM Treasury and the Accounting Standards Board (ASB) might agree on the accounting principles, the practical impact is that in order for related properties to stay off the public sector's balance sheet, substantial risk needs to be transferred to the private sector. As a consequence of this, the objective of providing value for money to the public may not be achieved. 相似文献
35.
Kenneth J. Arrow 《Review of International Economics》2004,12(2):207-212
The paper sets a broad agenda touching several areas of policy. It starts from the least likely policy at this point of time, the use of the tax system for redistribution. It discusses prudent macroeconomic coordination without the strings of the Maastricht Treaty in business troughs. Regulation of financial markets, agricultural policies, and health issues are coming up on a desirable agenda of the United States, but are probably important for all countries, as are social security policy and climate change. 相似文献
36.
坦努尔坝是约旦的第一座RCC坝。该坝RCC铺筑采用斜层施工,提高工数50%。大坝上游面,下游台阶,阶梯式溢洪道,止水面以及RCC与坝肩石灰岩的交界面均采用GE-RCC。质量控制测试数据表明,该坝达到了国际大坝委员会会刊不久将发表的RCC坝质量标准的优良等级。 相似文献
37.
We propose a new model to estimate the term structure of interest rates using observed on‐the‐run Treasury yields. The new model is an improvement over models that require a priori knowledge of the shape of the yield curve to estimate the term structure. The general form of the model is an exponential function that depends on the estimation of four parameters fit by nonlinear least squares and has straightforward interpretations. In comparing the proposed model with current yield‐curve‐smoothing models, we find that, for the data used, the proposed model does best overall in terms of pricing accuracy both in sample and out of sample. JEL classification: E43, G12 相似文献
38.
K.E. Hughes II & J. Kenneth Reynolds 《Journal of Business Finance & Accounting》2001,28(9&10):1351-1386
This study examines whether the uncertainty arising from a firm's exposure to future environmental costs (environmental uncertainty) affects the market's price sensitivity to reported earnings. Specifically, when environmental uncertainty is significantly high, are investors more responsive to reported earnings released by 'high-polluting' firms than reported earnings announced by 'low-polluting' firms within the same industry? The initial impact of Title IV (the acid rain provisions) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (1990 CAAA) on the US electric utility industry provides the research setting required to isolate the effects of environmental uncertainty while addressing this question. Consistent with theoretical predictions, we find that the earnings response coefficients (ERCs) of high-polluting electric utilities are significantly greater than those of their low-polluting counterparts during a predicted period of elevated environmental uncertainty. In adjoining sample years associated with lower environmental uncertainty, we observe no statistical difference in the magnitude of the ERCs between these two groups. In addition, the study's findings suggest that the magnitude of the ERC is increasing in the firm's exposure to future environmental costs, after controlling for other factors that potentially affect ERCs. 相似文献
39.
Andrew J. Seltzer 《Accounting, Business & Financial History》2004,14(3):237-256
This paper uses evidence from late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century personnel records of two Australian banks to examine the nature of internal labour markets prior to the Second World War. It is argued that the industry possessed all the classic features of internal labour markets: limited ports of entry, internal promotion, long careers, and assignment of wages by well-defined rules. The paper then examines the reasons why banks adopted internal labour markets. Finally, the paper examines the recent decline of internal labour markets and examines the role of technological and social changes in this decline. 相似文献
40.
Yaser A. Alkulaib Mohammad Najand Ahmad Mashayekh 《Journal of Multinational Financial Management》2009,19(1):43-53
The relaxation of security laws and regulations in emerging markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) provides abundant opportunities for foreign investors. These markets exhibit high-expected returns and substantial volatility. In this paper, we investigate the lead/lag relationship between the MENA countries and regions. We find no market causality or spillover from one country to another in the North Africa region. Our results for the Levant region reveal that there are linkages between stock markets in this region. The results for the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region show that there is more interaction and linkage in the GCC region than in the North Africa and Levant regions. An unexpected result is that UAE's stock market leads all the markets in this region. Finally, we investigate linkages among the three regions. We find that GCC influences the other two regions. 相似文献