Demographic changes and local public expenditure in a macroeconomic perspective. Some Norwegian examples

The impact of demographic aging and changes in the age structure on local government expenditures for social services in Norway is analyzed and projected. "To model the production of the local government sector, we have developed a macro model which reflects the coverage of different services according to demographic characteristics and standards defined as man-hours per client.... The results of a simulation show that demographic changes are of minor importance for local government expenditures in most sectors when compared to changes in standard and coverage rates....Results [also] indicate that a shift in standards and coverages in different client sectors would have rather important effects on the Norwegian economy."     

Gut issue

Unions are willing to strike over it, and companies are ready to draw the line, too. Now both sides are turning to Congress to fix the health insurance mess. This is the first of two articles on responses to the growing health care crisis. A report on state efforts begins on p. 708.     

2001年国际承包商经营动向

在疲软的市场中,更重要的是利润而不是数量     

宗教与政治：对欧洲和美国的比较分析

通过对美国和欧洲共10个国家(英国、法国、德国、意大利、西班牙、丹麦、荷兰、奥地利、波兰)的16,000名成年人进行的跨国调查(2002及2003年),本文考察了当地的宗教信仰状况,着重于他们对神权、生命的实质及生命的开始等三方面的理解认识,并进一步研究了他们的一些宗教行为(如祈祷及参与宗教活动的频率)和对宗教领袖的信任程度。本文的重点在于分析个人宗教价值观对其就新兴生化科技所持政治态度的影响。为此收集了广泛的研究数据,考察受访者对主要生化科技,如胚胎干细胞应用、转基因食品和克隆等的观点和态度。最后,使用多元回归研究模式的结构方程模型(SEM)分别描述了人们的宗教价值观、对生命的理解、年龄、性别和教育水平等几个变量对于堕胎、胚胎干细胞应用研究和安乐死等三项公共政策争论的影响。     

进言中国企业:如何攻略美国市场

我们正看到一种趋势初露端倪.这种趋势将很快成为下个10年里中国商业战略的"主流".更多的有战略头脑的中国公司开始在全世界展开直接的兼并业务,尤其是在美国.     

The relations among child quality,family structure,and the value of the mother's time in Malaysia

A model of the determinants of child quality and of the value of a woman's time is developed and tested using data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey of 1976-1977. Child quality is measured by educational attainment; factors influencing the value of the mother's time include size and age composition of household, family income, education, and hours worked. The results indicate that size and age composition of household affect a woman's asking wage. However, more data are needed before the effects of family structure on schooling can be measured with confidence.     

tic analysis on the othe

e are intercrossings and differentiations among literary studies, cultural studies and study of thoughts. The introduction of theoretical methods in different disciplines should not be at the expense of the ontological meaning of literary studies. The only way to open new horizons for literary studies is to return to literature after a theoretical touring outside of it.0文艺     

哈林顿绩效改进专栏通过战略计划,更好地进行资源管理

我谈的是广义的“资源管理”,意味着对一个组织所有资源和资产的管理.它们包括股份、管理人员、员工、资金、供应商、库存、董事会、联盟合作方、房地产、知识、顾客、专利、投资方、商誉和设施.有效的资源管理是组织最关键和复杂的活动之一.考虑到其中的复杂性,你也许会问：“从哪个方面开始进行资源管理？”     

管理者在塑造高绩效的员工中的职责

管理者常常会认为员工工作良好。当然会有一两名员工表现不够好，但是员工总体上表现优良。工作差的员工在组织中待不久，因为管理者会在他们影响其他员工之前，迅速让他们离开组织。留在组织中的员工为了应得的薪水而付出相应的努力。他们可靠而有见识，值得信赖，而且没有怨言地进行工作，但是他们的业绩是否超出管理者的期望了呢？事实并非如此。