The Harris-Todaro model and economies of scale

The authors attempt to reanalyze the Harris-Todaro migration model in the presence of economies of scale in the manufacturing sector, focusing on economies of scale that are external to a given firm but internal to the industry.     

富士通:完全解决客户的问题

如今,消费者和供应方所面对的挑战,就是要找出更好的办法,来纠正实际使用过程中确实出现的问题,如缺陷产品(这些产品往往是由不同的组织各自设计的)、损坏或不相匹配等。所幸的是,精益方法能够使我们稳步迈向极少出问题的精益消费过程。其中关键的做法是,把对每一个“消费问题”的智能型反馈收集起来。这将使现有问题得到迅速而彻底的纠正,同时避免同类问题今后再度发生。真实的企业面对真实的客户真的能实施这样的智能型反馈吗?在研究中我们高兴地发现,欧洲最大的IT支持服务供应方之一的富士通服务公司(FujitsuServices),已经令人信服地…     

美国管理状况

一、“这是世界上唯一的能每日自我更新的国家”。当今美国管理状况是良性的。我并不是属于认为美国是缺乏“竞争力”的那种人。我认为美国的管理者是构成世界上最有生气的经济的一个组成部分——我还认为美国管理者在确保经济健康发展方面是很值得称道的。今天我们是处在史无前列的经济发展的第七年头——这是一种就我所知的经典经济学家曾梦寐以求的发展。     

在印度的KOTTAPATNAM,NELLOE地区ANDHRA PRADESH发现了中国古硬币

在印度发现中国的古硬币正在广为人知.在一些地方的发现已被记录和分析.在印度的这些发现是中国古硬币出口的较大规模的一部分.从所有的环印度洋周边地区和南中国海的国家,从肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚到阿曼、沙特阿拉伯和伊朗,从斯里兰卡和印度到印度尼西亚、马来西亚和泰国,中国的古硬币都有出土发现的记录.在中国的近邻越南、日本、朝鲜和中国与俄罗斯的塔克斯坦也发现了它们.     

Demographic changes and local public expenditure in a macroeconomic perspective. Some Norwegian examples

The impact of demographic aging and changes in the age structure on local government expenditures for social services in Norway is analyzed and projected. "To model the production of the local government sector, we have developed a macro model which reflects the coverage of different services according to demographic characteristics and standards defined as man-hours per client.... The results of a simulation show that demographic changes are of minor importance for local government expenditures in most sectors when compared to changes in standard and coverage rates....Results [also] indicate that a shift in standards and coverages in different client sectors would have rather important effects on the Norwegian economy."     

Measuring cost savings in the operating room: a matter of FOCUS (follow-through, obsolescence, control, utilization, standardization)

In summary, changes came slowly at first in the OR. The biggest inventory reduction came about a year after the effort had begun. It would seem that tackling obsolescence, standardizing products, etc. would give an initial "big chunk" savings, with small amounts coming later as inventories are lowered. What we expected did not occur, due to the inherent nature of practices and what was customarily being used. For example, previously, some equipment purchases were paid for by purchasing product, which resulted in long-term commitments and high supply costs. The OR at times seemed more like a process of managing change, not just supplies. FOCUS is a daily process. How many times can you afford to overlook this process? How often are the mistakes of the past repeated? In review, we suggest this simple outline: Follow-through (review each case from start to finish), Obsolescence (schedule inventories every six months), Control (achieve inventory management by adjusting PAR levels to needs), Utilization (utilize product/equipment with your control), and Standardization (standardize products and measure results).     

Gut issue

Unions are willing to strike over it, and companies are ready to draw the line, too. Now both sides are turning to Congress to fix the health insurance mess. This is the first of two articles on responses to the growing health care crisis. A report on state efforts begins on p. 708.     

欧洲门户鹿特丹

作为鹿特丹市市长，我非常荣幸有机会能向中国读者介绍我们这座城市。因为中国和鹿特丹之间的关系非常密切。鹿特丹三十余年来一直雄居世界第一大港，同时它又是荷兰的工业中心。目前全市人口超过一百万。鹿特丹港的年货物吞吐量约在3亿吨左右。面对日益发展的欧洲其它港口的竞争，为了维护世界第一大港的地位，鹿特丹市已将改善港口的服务质量提上议事日程。这也正是促成鹿特丹港从原来单一的转口贸易港发展成为一个集国际贸易、工业和货物集散中心为一体的大港，其设施和服务也从进出口、转口贸易扩展到所有的服务领域的原因所在。我们的…