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991.
Kightlinger RS 《Medical economics》2000,77(4):148-52, 155-6
992.
993.
S. Klein 《Journal of Business Ethics》2000,28(2):121-128
In his 1981 article "What is 'business ethics'"? Peter Drucker maintains that the then current business ethics literature is a form of casuistry, and it provides an illegitimate argument for business apologists, while it also unjustly bashes business. I agree with W. Michael Hoffman's and Jennifer Mills Moore's criticisms of Drucker's article. However, by limiting themselves to this article, rather than considering Drucker's management works, they have missed an opportunity to benefit from his acknowledged practical wisdom. In this paper, I seize the opportunity to show that Drucker takes business ethics seriously, and I develop his position on business morality. His view of business management responsibility and the related notion of a just organization is seen to be essentially Platonic. 相似文献
994.
We study empirically the macroeconomic effects of an explicit de jure quantitative goal for monetary policy. Quantitative goals take three forms: exchange rates, money growth rates, and inflation targets. We analyze the effects on inflation of both having a quantitative target and hitting a declared target. Our empirical work uses an annual data set covering 42 countries between 1960 and 2000, and takes account of other determinants of inflation (such as fiscal policy, the business cycle, and openness to international trade) and the endogeneity of the monetary policy regime. We find that both having and hitting quantitative targets for monetary policy is systematically and robustly associated with lower inflation. The exact form of the monetary target matters somewhat (especially for the sustainability of the monetary regime) but is less important than having some quantitative target. Successfully achieving a quantitative monetary goal is also associated with less volatile output. 相似文献
995.
Stephen Day Cauley Andrey D. Pavlov Eduardo S. Schwartz 《The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics》2007,34(3):283-311
Personal preferences and financial incentives make homeownership desirable for most families. Once a family purchases a home
they find it impractical (costly) to frequently change their ownership of residential real estate. Thus, by deciding how much
home to buy, a family constrains their ability to adjust their asset allocation between residential real estate and other
assets. To analyze the impact of this constraint on consumption, welfare, and post-retirement wealth, we first investigate
an individual’s optimal asset allocation decisions when they are subject to a “homeownership constraint.” Next, we perform
a “thought experiment” where we assume the existence of a market where a homeowner can sell, without cost, a fractional interest
in their home. Now the housing choice decision does not constrain the individual’s asset allocations. By comparing these two
cases, we estimate the differences in post-retirement wealth and the welfare gains potentially realizable if asset allocations
were not subject to a homeownership constraint. For realistic parameter values, we find that the homeowner would require a
substantial increase in total net worth to achieve the same level of utility as would be achievable if the choice of a home
could be separated from the asset allocation decision. The robustness of the analysis is evaluated with respect to the model’s
parameters and initial state variables. We find that changes in the values of the constraint (i.e., the value of the home)
and the expected real rate of home value appreciation are the only state variables or parameter that is associated with a
large change in asset allocation and/or the burden imposed by the housing constraint. This finding suggests the importance
of a detailed examination of the impact of inter-regional differences in home prices and expected rates of appreciation on
asset allocation and post-retirement wealth. 相似文献
996.
Frank S. Skinner 《International Review of Financial Analysis》2007,16(5):452-470
On October 5, 2001, when credit spreads were widening, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange CME de-listed the full menu of emerging market Brady bond futures contracts. This is intriguing because at a time when interest in hedging and speculating in emerging market sovereign credit risk should be at its peak, the CME de-listed precisely the sort of contract designed to hedge and speculate in sovereign credit risk. This paper finds statistical evidence suggesting that the developing over the counter CDS contract acted as a substitute product for the Brady bond futures contract thereby undermining the Brady bond futures contract and contributing to its demise. 相似文献
997.
Homeownership rates equal the number of households that own homes divided by the number of households in the population. Differences in the propensity to form a household, therefore, may contribute to changes in homeownership rates over time in addition to long-standing racial gaps in homeownership. We examine these issues on an age-specific basis using data from the 1970 to 2000 public use microsamples of the decennial census. Results indicate that lower headship rates tend to reduce homeownership rates. This pattern is most notable for individuals in their early and mid 20s. For these individuals, declining headship rates between 1970 and 2000 reduced homeownership rates by three to five percentage points. Moreover, 2000 African American headship rates narrow white–black gaps in homeownership by roughly three percentage points, whereas 2000 Hispanic headship rates widen white–Hispanic gaps in homeownership by two to three percentage points. Thus, controlling for differences in headship behavior, white–black homeownership gaps are somewhat more severe than previously recognized, but the reverse is true for white–Hispanic gaps. 相似文献
998.
Nukhet Harmancioglu Regina C. McNally Roger J. Calantone Serdar S. Durmusoglu 《R&D Management》2007,37(5):399-424
Given industry competitiveness, how do firms' new product development (NPD) process designs differ when responding to an innovation mandate? How do NPD design elements differ across firms when implementing NPD processes? These design elements are strategic business unit (SBU) senior management involvement, business case content, customer interactions, and cross‐functional integration. What are the consequences of different combinations of NPD process design elements for innovation productivity? We explore these questions via a collective case study of newly implemented NPD process designs at three different SBUs of a major US‐based international conglomerate, 1 year after receiving the mandate to grow through innovation. Our analysis suggests that industry competitiveness and firm characteristics influence the NPD process design as SBUs employ distinct combinations of NPD design elements. The differential emphasis on design elements leads to variation in process design and divergence in innovation productivity. 相似文献
999.
Mikhail S. Kouliavtsev 《Review of Industrial Organization》2007,30(1):1-27
This paper suggests an innovative measure of structural relief obtained in a typical Section 7 settlement. The fraction of
competitive overlap subject to divestiture as a condition of the settlement is modeled as a function of merger-specific efficiencies,
the proportion of the deal held “hostage” to antitrust review, the merger’s anticompetitive potential, and other factors.
The model is applied to data on 86 recent Justice Department cases covering the period 1990–2003 and to the subsample of 1990s
cases. All data are collected from publicly available documents only. The government is found to secure larger divestitures
when the cost to the acquirer of delaying the settlement is high. The resulting estimates are used to predict several out-of-sample
observations.
I would like to thank the General Editor and two anonymous referees for many helpful suggestions on earlier drafts of this
paper. The remaining errors are mine. 相似文献
1000.
Paul C.S. Lian Author Vitae Angus W. Laing Author Vitae 《Industrial Marketing Management》2007,36(6):709-718
There has been a shift from transactional to relational exchange and relationship marketing both in the business to business and professional services contexts. This paper seeks to explore the manner in which personal relationships affect the process and outcomes of purchasing of professional business services. Specifically, it focuses on the role of the professional service providers as boundary spanners in the formation of personal relationships. These personal relationships constitute the underlying basis of long-term relationships between the purchasing and provider organizations in such complex service settings. The findings of this study demonstrate that the manner in which the boundary spanners cultivate relationships support the concept of relationship specific tasks. It extends this conception by use of the data to outline the chronological process over time Understanding the roles, function, and ultimately importance, of these relationships facilitates the identification and development of appropriate strategies to manage these relationships. 相似文献