积石峡水电站导流洞交叉段开挖支护施工技术

积石峡水电站工程导流洞及中孔泄洪洞交叉段(以下简称交叉段)地质条件复杂,断面多变,跨度及施工高差大,工程安全问题突出。为确保交叉段顺利贯通及施工中的安全,在进行了必要的岩体稳定数值仿真模型及理论分析计算后,制定了分序开挖,素喷混凝土、锚杆、预应力锚索支护的施工方案和支护技术。实践中严格按方案实施,未发生安全事故,表明采取的措施是合理、有效的。     

积石峡水电站导流洞交叉段水平层状岩体稳定数值仿真分析

积石峡水电站导流洞及中孔泄洪洞交叉段设计体形复杂,且顶拱上方有一3～10 cm厚的软弱夹层穿过,围岩整体稳定性差,安全问题突出。为确保交叉段顺利贯通及施工安全,拟定了5种开挖和支护方案,采用数值仿真分析系统分析比较了不同开挖和支护方案下施工期围岩和支护的稳定性,确定了交叉段的开挖方式和支护技术措施,经实际应用,效果良好。     

峡江水利枢纽电站取水防沙试验研究

为解决峡江水利枢纽泥沙淤塞库区,避免泥沙进入电站,对取水防沙原设计方案试验中存在的问题进行了分析.改进了拦沙坎的布置方案,提出拦沙坎头部上延与上游自然河湾平顺衔接,以使形成的人工弯道环流导流排沙方案为最优取水防沙方案.探讨了优化方案的取水防沙效果,提出了运行时应注意的事项.     

绥化市地下水水化学特征及水质现状评价

为了查明绥化市的地下水环境状况,运用描述性统计、地统计学理论、相关分析、Piper三线图法等对绥化市的地下水水化学特征进行全面分析。在此基础上采用了基于综合赋权的五元联系数法对研究区水质现状进行评价,并且利用秩相关系数法进行水质变化趋势分析。结果表明,研究区地下水略偏酸性,部分水样的水质指标存在超标现象。地下水中Ca 2＋为优势阳离子,HCO 3－为优势阴离子。研究区的铁、锰、氟超标是受原生污染影响,地下水中的Cl－与SO 2－4,Na＋与Mg 2＋存在同一来源。将基于综合赋权的五元联系数法的评价结果与模糊综合评判法相比较,结果表明其评价结果是合理可靠的,符合客观实际。通过秩相关系数法表明研究区地下水水质状况在一定程度上有所改善。     

The Main Factors Affecting Isotopes of Yellow River Water in China

Abstract

Variation of δ¹⁸O, δD, and ³H in the Yellow River water were analyzed based on the isotope test results of water samples in 18 sections of the Yellow River in rainy and dry seasons. The results show the trend of the ratios of the stable isotopes increases while the ³H concentration decreases progressively from the river source to the estuary. The main factors affecting the isotopes in the river water are the mixing of foreign water bodies, evaporation, and human activities. River runoff mostly comes from the source and the middle reaches of the river. The changes of the isotopes in the river water could be served as a good indicator of the recharge of different foreign water to the Yellow River.     

A Method for Evaluating Sea Dike Safety

To implement the maintenance and management of the sea dike engineering, the qualitative factors and quantitative factors need to be combined to evaluate the sea dike safety. Firstly, the evaluation index system and evaluation grading criterions of sea dike safety are established. Secondly, a new weight structure of evaluation indexes is proposed to combine the subjective weight and objective weight. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process method is used to determine the subjective weight and implement the qualitative analysis for sea dike safety. Projection Pursuit algorithm is introduced to calculate the objective weight and implement the quantitative analysis for sea dike safety. Based on the minimum relative information entropy principle, above two weights are combined. Thirdly, an evaluation model of sea dike safety is built with the improved Set Pair Analysis method. Finally, the proposed analysis method is used to assess one sea dike safety in China. It is shown that the combined weight can describe both the subjective information of expert experience and objective variation information of samples values, the uncertainty of information can be handled by the improved Set Pair Analysis method. The evaluation model has the clear physical concepts and intuitive modeling process. The calculation result is reasonable. The proposed method can be applied to sea dike safety evaluation and other complex systems evaluation as well.     

我国建立防旱抗旱减灾长效机制的思考

近年,我国干旱灾害呈现多发频发趋势,对我国的城乡居民用水安全、粮食安全、生态安全构成了严重威胁,制约了我国经济社会的可持续发展。通过分析我国抗旱减灾面临的形势和抗旱减灾工作存在的主要问题,结合我国抗旱减灾工作的需求,提出了我国建立防旱抗旱减灾长效机制的建议。     

企业价值评估中股权缺乏流通性减值折扣研究

股权缺乏流通性对其本身价值有减值影响这一结论已被一些国外著名研究结论所证实.在国内,目前尚没有这方面的研究理论公开发表.作者通过介绍1999年以来对我国法人股的交易案例的研究,证实缺少流通性对股权有减值影响这一结论在我国同样适用.文中还给出了作者在业务实践经验基础上总结出的估算缺少流通性折扣率的初步估算思路和方法.     

关于电网建设与环境保护的探讨

分析供电企业在电力建设、改造中,对占用耕地、森林等影响环境保护的模糊认识和“三多、三少”问题及应采取的措施。     

湖南省电源规划与电网规划关系探讨

本文对"厂网分开"的新形势下电源规划与电网规划之间的关系和湖南省的电源规划进行了探讨,提出了湖南电网规划方案设想。