全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2808篇 |
免费 | 110篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
财政金融 | 345篇 |
工业经济 | 132篇 |
计划管理 | 510篇 |
经济学 | 601篇 |
综合类 | 46篇 |
运输经济 | 18篇 |
旅游经济 | 29篇 |
贸易经济 | 381篇 |
农业经济 | 124篇 |
经济概况 | 433篇 |
水利工程 | 308篇 |
邮电经济 | 1篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 38篇 |
2022年 | 28篇 |
2021年 | 79篇 |
2020年 | 67篇 |
2019年 | 84篇 |
2018年 | 90篇 |
2017年 | 96篇 |
2016年 | 89篇 |
2015年 | 53篇 |
2014年 | 89篇 |
2013年 | 321篇 |
2012年 | 138篇 |
2011年 | 142篇 |
2010年 | 144篇 |
2009年 | 118篇 |
2008年 | 126篇 |
2007年 | 141篇 |
2006年 | 109篇 |
2005年 | 84篇 |
2004年 | 76篇 |
2003年 | 52篇 |
2002年 | 55篇 |
2001年 | 42篇 |
2000年 | 39篇 |
1999年 | 50篇 |
1998年 | 38篇 |
1997年 | 33篇 |
1996年 | 25篇 |
1995年 | 18篇 |
1994年 | 21篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 18篇 |
1990年 | 14篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 18篇 |
1982年 | 17篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1975年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
1963年 | 11篇 |
1961年 | 11篇 |
1960年 | 9篇 |
排序方式: 共有2928条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
31.
“建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系”是党的十九大所提出的国家公园体制建设的新方向。实现自然保护地的有效保护管理是其重要内容,关键在于通过改革形成科学、合理的自然资源资产产权制度,而厘清自然资源资产产权制度的现状则是进行改革的前提。首先,对现行法律进行系统梳理,明确法律所认定的自然保护地中的自然资源类型。其次,从自然资源的产权种类及所有权改变、用益物权流转三方面总结了自然保护地自然资源资产的产权制度现状。再者,从各类自然保护地申报设立的条件和环保督查中反映出来的问题两方面入手分析了自然保护地的自然资源保护管理现状,从国家公园体制试点采取的措施出发分析了目前的改革探索,并提炼出自然保护地自然资源资产产权制度存在的四大问题,即自然资源资产产权的界定和要求较局限、自然资源所有权行使人虚位、公权与私权的利益协调机制不健全、改革探索中物权途径面临制度障碍。最后,从自然资源资产产权制度设计的角度提出了改革的4个方向。 相似文献
32.
Bias is a much-debated issue in survey research. Answer effects (respondents claim to have behaved differently than they did in reality), nonresponse bias (nonrespondents differ on important variables from the respondents) and stimulus effects (by participating in a previous wave of a study, respondents change their behavior or attitude) can seriously distort the results of survey research. By using data from the 1998 Dutch National Election Study the authors show that the results of election research can indeed be affected by bias. Not only are significant effects found in the distribution of political attitude and voting behavior variables as a result of both nonresponse bias and stimulus effects, it is also shown that relations between variables change as a result of bias. 相似文献
33.
The substantively rational value of the games studied in this paper does not help predict subject performance in the experiment at all. An accurate model must account for the cognitive ability of the people playing the game. This paper investigates whether the variation in measured rationality bounds is correlated with the probability of winning when playing against another person in games that exceed both players’ estimated rationality bound. Does seeing deeper into a game matter when neither player can see to the end of the game? Subjects with higher measured bounds win 63 percent of the time and the larger the difference the more frequently they win. 相似文献
34.
Summary. We prove existence of a competitive equilibrium in a version of a Ramsey (one sector) model in which agents are heterogeneous
and gross investment is constrained to be non negative. We do so by converting the infinite-dimensional fixed point problem
stated in terms of prices and commodities into a finite-dimensional Negishi problem involving individual weights in a social
value function. This method allows us to obtain detailed results concerning the properties of competitive equilibria. Because
of the simplicity of the techniques utilized our approach is amenable to be adapted by practitioners in analogous problems
often studied in macroeconomics.
Received: September 13, 2001; revised version: December 9, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" We are grateful to Tapan Mitra for pointing out errors as well as making very valuable suggestions. Thanks are due
to Raouf Boucekkine and Jorge Duran for additional helpful discussions. We also thank an anonymous referee for his/her helpful
comments. The second author acknowledges the financial support of the Belgian Ministry of Scientific Research (Grant ARC 99/04-235
“Growth and incentive design”) and of the Belgian Federal Goverment (Grant PAI P5/10, “Equilibrium theory and optimization
for public policy and industry regulation”).
Correspondence to: C. Le Van 相似文献
35.
This paper uses the experimental method to investigate behavior in a coordination game when the information available to subjects
is limited to their feasible choices and their experienced payoffs. In the experiment subjects converge to an absorbing state
at rates that are orders of magnitude faster than reinforcement learning algorithms, but slower than under complete information.
This state is very close to a mutual best response outcome. All cohorts converged to the market statistic predicted by the
interior equilibrium regardless of the information conditions or the stability conditions.
Eric Battalio programmed the graphical user interface. The National Science Foundation and Texas Advanced Research Program
provided financial support. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those
of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the Texas Advanced Research
Program. 相似文献
36.
abstract The majority of research on organizational commitment has focused on commitment in traditional, ongoing and open‐ended relationships. The commitment of employees in non‐standard work arrangements such as temporary employment has been subject to much less theoretical and empirical investigation. In this study, we examine the affective and continuance commitment of temporary workers towards their agency and its determinants. We distinguish two groups of determinants: the process by which the temporary worker chose a particular agency and the support provided by the agency. The findings can be summarized as follows: (1) affective commitment among temps is generally higher than their continuance commitment; (2) having more alternative agencies to choose from (i.e., volition) does not enhance the commitment of temporary workers; (3) a public choice for a particular agency raises both types of commitment, whereas the perceived agency dependence created by the choice increases continuance, but not affective commitment; and (4) both types of commitment are positively influenced by agency supportiveness, reflected in the way the agency deals with problems, the career support it provides, and the way it keeps in close contact with its temporary workers. Finally, the results suggest that factors raising affective commitment may ‘spill over’ to increase continuance commitment. 相似文献
37.
Jan Van Dijk 《Quality and Quantity》1989,23(2):189-203
The article reports on a methodical part of a combined substantive and methodical investigation experimenting with a new type of Policy Delphi method. The common problem defined for both parts was the question whether Delphi method could be transformed in an instrument of controlling technological change by employees. The question was answered positively by the participating (bank) employees, all union members engaged with an automatisation project, themselves. Self rating scales, an evaluation questionnaire and numerous data collected about the research process showed that the most relevant social categories of participants managed to serve as “experts” according to the high levels of cognition, effort, involvement and self-confidence required in a Delphi research project. Participants with low job level, women and non-trained union members joined in very well. The special steps required to broaden a successful participation of all categories, particular methods and techniques of information transmitting questioning and reporting, did not violate the quality of scientifically valid information gathering. So the result was a practical and scientific instrument. 相似文献
38.
In this paper the concept of a municipal welfare function is defined. It reflects the evaluation by local authorities of several levels of local expenditures. On the basis of an extensive survey among all Dutch municipal authorities these functions are estimated for about 550 Dutch municipalities with respect to total expenditures and differentiated with respect to several portfolios, like public works, education, etc. The variation of the estimated municipal welfare parameters is explained by objectively measurable municipal characteristics like the number of the inhabitants, age distribution of inhabitants and houses, number of unemployed, regional situation. 相似文献
39.
一种项目采购模式的博弈分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文试图用经济学理论 (主要是博弈与信息经济学的理论 )来分析目前工程项目建设中采用的一种工程设备、材料的采购模式。文章首先提出这种模式的内容与特征 ,然后就制度内各参与方 (主要为业主、承包商、供货商 )之间的博弈进行分析 ,分不完全信息博弈、完全信息博弈两种情况来分析这种采购制度下达到的均衡。 相似文献
40.
Data from a national panel study with waves in 1987 and 1991 (N=1257), present evidence of the low accuracy of responses to retrospective questions, concerning both attitudes and behaviour. Applying a split ballot design, it is investigated whether using a checklist improves the response accuracy for a retrospective question about one single event: how respondents (N=363) did obtain the job they had four years ago. Furthermore interaction effects of ‘task difficulty’ are examined. The response accuracy indeed increases by using a checklist; however, this increase is not statistically significant. The expected increase of the checklist effect with higher ‘task difficulty’ appears for longer recall intervals, but not for more frequent changes of jobs. It turned out that for male respondents all the predicted effects are indeed clearly present. But for female respondents the checklist appeared to have no effect, irrespective of the task difficulty. A tentative explanation for this unexpected gender effect is suggested by pointing at indications that the male and female respondents differed in the way they obtained their job. 相似文献