Experience in using a guide vane design with a “floating” lower bearing

Conclusion The use of the floating bearing of the vanes in the lower ring of the gate apparatus makes it possible to reduce the cycle and labor expenditures of manufacture at the plant and on assembly of the gate apparatus with a substantial improvement of the quality of assembly.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 4, pp. 45–47, April, 1984.     

Alternate plans and characteristics of design solutions for water-development works under construction at the No. 2 Zagorskaya pumped-storage power plant

Alternate plans and characteristics of design solutions for water-development works under construction at the No. 2 Zagorskaya pumped-storage power plant (PSPP) are described.     

Problem of unity of measurements in ensuring safety of hydraulic structures

Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 1, pp. 14–17, January, 1994.     

Tax Incidence in a Model with Efficiency Wages and Unemployment

Abstract

The purpose of the present paper is to examine the effects of taxation on income distribution in a model with efficiency wages and involuntary unemployment. Central to our efficiency-wage model is the hypothesis that firms set wages above market-clearing levels, whenever the productivity of labor depends on the real wage paid by the firm, and unemployment. Within a two sector general equilibrium model we study the incidence of factor and commodity taxes on income distribution, and unemployment. Our findings differ substantially from those derived by the traditional neoclassical analysis, originally developed by Harberger, and as it has been extended by several authors.     

Centralized and decentralized control polices for a two-stage stochastic supply chain with subcontracting

An analysis of control policies for a two-stage supply chain with subcontractors at each stage is presented when decisions at each stage concerning safety stocks, backorders, and subcontracting are made jointly or in a decentralized manner. The inventory/admission control policies considered are base stock, echelon base stock and partial backordering, and the objective is to maximize the mean profit rate of the system. The optimal control parameters are found by exhaustive search using Markov chains. From numerical examples it appears that the policies which manage jointly sales and production levels in each stage provide much higher overall (system) profits than decentralized policies, although the latter are individually more profitable for the second stage. In addition, partial backordering provides the system with an extra profit above those that result from the lost sales (no backordering) and complete backordering policies. Finally, a number of numerical results show the impact of variations in certain system parameters on the optimal control parameters and the corresponding profit.     

Waves of migration: a new situation

An attempt is made to forecast migration trends affecting those countries that were formerly part of the Soviet Union. "The new migratory trends are characterized by at least three fundamentally important elements: the ouster of the newly arrived population from the social niche that it had recently occupied, emigration from overpopulated regions, and growing emigration beyond the borders of the former Union."     

Stability and agreement criteria for the termination of Delphi studies

This paper addresses the question of the methodology of testing for stability between successive Delphi rounds and the necessity of doing so prior to the analysis of the level or type of consensus. Following a discussion of a hierarchical set of a criteria for determining the termination of such studies, the paper reviews some of the more common treatments of the subject in the literature. It is finally proposed that a χ² test be used to test the stability of responses between rounds. The method is demonstrated by a numerical example.     

Estimation of trade elasticities in the presence of trade barriers, multinationals and imperfect competition

Recent research highlights the role that multinational trading companies may play in impeding price transmission. In markets characterised by imperfect competition, an estimate of the partial elasticity of demand may be of limited practical value if no account is taken of the reaction of competitors. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential for market structure to affect price transmission and trade elasticities, and challenge the presumption that only government intervention can impact upon price transmission, with examples supporting why theory would suggest otherwise.     

Weighting income ranks and levels: A Multiple-Parameter Generalization For Absolute and Relative Inequality Indices

This paper gives a general expression for a multiple parameter index of absolute or relative inequality and indicates that the indices suggested by Atkinson, Kolm and Gini are particular cases of the proposed generalized index.     

Measurement of market integration and arbitrage

We develop a measurement theory of market integration, basedon two notions of 'integrated markets'. First, two markets cannotbe perfectly integrated in any sense if one can construct twoportfolios, one from each market, that have identical payoffsbut different prices. In that case, the law of one price isviolated across the markets. Second, they cannot be integratedin a stronger sense if there are cross-market arbitrage opportunities.Two measures of market integration are developed, respectivelyreflecting these notions. The smaller the measures, the moreclosely integrated (in the respective senses) the markets. Amongother things, they are interpreted as measuring pricing discrepancybetween markets.