供水隧洞崩塌部位水下检测新技术：介绍一种遥控施测小车

１９９８ 年， 芬兰佩扬奈（Ｐａｉｊａｎｎｅ）隧洞发生崩塌事故， 威胁到首都赫尔辛基饮用水供应问题。为了收集必要的资料进行补救和维修， 市政当局专门委托加方使用遥控小车在洞内作了水下勘测。该项测量工作， 就其所施测的隧洞长度来说， 乃是创记录的。     

岩石楔形体的抗震稳定性计算

纽马克(Newmark)关于在地震荷载作用下计算永久位移的理论已和传统的极限平衡分析相结合,用于计算岩石楔形体的位移.由交叉面形成的岩石楔形体在上部边坡表面中可能有张裂隙存在,但也可能没有.由于楔形体的静力分析方法可以在文献资料中找到,因此,这里仅对抗震问题从理论上进行较为详细地阐述.根据加速度历时关系的输入数据编制一套计算程序,用以计算位移.该程序可以把交叉面和张裂隙平面上的水压力考虑进去.除了静超载荷重之外,还考虑到可能存在的岩石锚筋的影响.该程序可用于计算传统的静力安全系数、剩余抗滑阻力、临界加速度、激振力、随时间变化的相对速度和累积位移.     

Economic humidity control: an alternative to reheat

Heat pipe technology will have a significant impact on the power consumption of many manufacturing industries, the installation costs of new or replacement air conditioning systems, and on electric utility peak demands.     

美国管理状况

一、“这是世界上唯一的能每日自我更新的国家”。当今美国管理状况是良性的。我并不是属于认为美国是缺乏“竞争力”的那种人。我认为美国的管理者是构成世界上最有生气的经济的一个组成部分——我还认为美国管理者在确保经济健康发展方面是很值得称道的。今天我们是处在史无前列的经济发展的第七年头——这是一种就我所知的经典经济学家曾梦寐以求的发展。     

Spotlight on free beds

What happens in today's hospitals when keeping the faith with donors clashes with fiscal politics? An enterprising assistant attorney general asked that question and turned up some disquieting answers.     

Measuring cost savings in the operating room: a matter of FOCUS (follow-through, obsolescence, control, utilization, standardization)

In summary, changes came slowly at first in the OR. The biggest inventory reduction came about a year after the effort had begun. It would seem that tackling obsolescence, standardizing products, etc. would give an initial "big chunk" savings, with small amounts coming later as inventories are lowered. What we expected did not occur, due to the inherent nature of practices and what was customarily being used. For example, previously, some equipment purchases were paid for by purchasing product, which resulted in long-term commitments and high supply costs. The OR at times seemed more like a process of managing change, not just supplies. FOCUS is a daily process. How many times can you afford to overlook this process? How often are the mistakes of the past repeated? In review, we suggest this simple outline: Follow-through (review each case from start to finish), Obsolescence (schedule inventories every six months), Control (achieve inventory management by adjusting PAR levels to needs), Utilization (utilize product/equipment with your control), and Standardization (standardize products and measure results).     

A child health production function estimated from longitudinal data. Cebu Study Team

Collaborating researchers used a multi equation model to analyze 3080 mother-infant pairs living on the island of Cebu in the central Philippines and to estimate a child health production function. The econometric methods used eliminated obstacles such as heterogeneity and endogeneity of significant explanatory factors. They also maximized the longitudinal quality of the data. The results showed that morbidity in 1 period reduced infant weight in following periods. For example, diarrhea and febrile respiratory infection reduced growth in the time period following the illnesses. Further effects of some contributing factors were great near birth not diminished with age. For example, breast feeding promoted growth and protected against infection, especially diarrhea and febrile respiratory infection, more substantially near birth than it did later. Further, in urban areas, preventive health care positively affected growth independently of its indirect influence on reducing respiratory infection. Yet it had little effect on diarrhea. Diarrhea had a strong adverse effect on growth. Exposure of the infant to enteric pathogens had the greatest influence on production of diarrhea. In urban areas, exposure included water supply contamination, exposure to feces, a more pathogenic diet, and community crowding. In rural areas, however, exposure included community crowding and increased rainfall which presumably washed feces into the water supply. Household crowding in both urban and rural areas and irritation from smoke in urban areas only tended to bring about febrile respiratory infection.