质量管理与质量控制（三十三）

测量质量回报全面质量活动应当带来卓越的经营结果。然而,质量活动的成功并不能保证财务方面的成功——很多人认为如果没有质量活动的成功,公司最终必然会失败。许多组织没有充分关注在质量方面的投资的财务回报。财务回报不仅能表明企业的努力是否处于正确的方向,而且有助于在错得还不太远时识别必须的变革与改进。例如在AT＆T,每个业务单位都要向公司主席提交关于质量改进及其财务影响的季度报告。     

提高仓库效率的解决之道（二）

任何提高仓库能力的工作都必须建立在对作业流程的评估之上，而这些主要取决于业务规模的大小。例如，一个满足大批量生产需要、占地面积上百万平方英尺仓库的业务流程肯定比一个小型仓储设施的业务流程要复杂得多。大型的仓库或是配送中心通常都会有更加严格的制度，同时内部各部门有着紧密的联系。     

医疗保健组织:改进保健质量和绩效(上)

关于本章医疗保健体系的功能在于帮助人们保持健康的生活状态,应对慢性疾病或残疾,远离病魔,以及对抗死亡。对医疗保健低劣质量的代价进行研究表明,在美国,每年花费在医疗保健上的资金高达2万亿美元,超过30%的资金被过度使用、使用不当或是滥用在对于     

全球化与WTO：利益分析及争端解决

一、引言“全球化”这一说法是最近才开始流行的,而我们这些贸易经济学家对它的研究历史却有几十年甚至上百年了;世界贸易组织(WTO)也是最近才成立的,而国际贸易方面的法律专家对它和它的前身--GATT的研究也已近五十年了。在前面的两种情况中,国际贸易方面的专家都会强调世界经     

美国地方政府创新的影响因素分析

本文研究了促进或妨碍地方政府管理创新的各项因素。研究结果表明,领导公信力既对地方政府创新的发起和实施起到了重要的作用,也是决定具体政府改革成败的重要因素;议会冲突对地方政府改革的成败不起关键作用;议会—行政机关关系的融洽有利于地方政府创新的成功开展。     

Building the dream team: don't make it a nightmare

This article covers the often overlooked area of team management concepts through a discussion of what many companies have done to implement these new concepts successfully. It describes the basics of how to and also explains why people resist the process of implementation. The main topics are (1) team formation, (2) pitfalls to avoid, and (3) team measurement.     

The educational attainment of immigrants: trends and implications

"This paper uses the 1970, 1980, and 1990 U.S. Censuses to study trends in educational attainment of immigrants relative to natives. Immigrants have become relatively less highly educated, but have become more highly educated in an absolute sense. The effects of changes in relative educational attainment between immigrants and natives on earnings are studied. Educational differences are found to explain more than half the observed wage gap between the two groups. The paper also allows for non-linearities in returns to education. Sheepskin effects influence earnings in different ways for natives and immigrants. Differences in returns to pre- and post-migration education also appear. The paper also finds evidence that immigrants crowd natives out of education, although the effects are stronger in secondary than in postsecondary education."