如何理解运用国标对管道取样起止时段的规定

输油管道采取试样时间的确定，是关系着油品运销中贸易结算的关键环节，国标为此特作了专门规定。针对目前在实际引用标准的过程中产生的两种不同的认识和操作对生产的影响，通过对标准的学习和理解，根据国标制定的基本原则和目地，对管道取样的开始和结束两个时间加以分析和论证，使计量交接双方达到对国标理论认识上的统一，从而达到执行上的统一，最终完成好油品计量交接工作。     

石化行业中的经验曲线效应

经验曲线是美国著名波士顿咨询公司开拓的管理预测概念和工具之一，回顾经验曲线的起源及发展，总结了有关石化行业中的经验曲线效应现象，即：典型的大宗化工产品的固定成本的长期趋势存在明显的双倍斜率约为25％的经验曲线效应；同时单位固定资产投资也存在着双倍斜率为25％～63％的经验曲线效应。指出经验曲线是预测大宗化学品固定成本和投资长期趋势的一个有效实用的工具，并就国内应用经验曲线时应注意的问题及想法进行了探讨。     

新的认识 新的高度--读《企业价值评估指导意见(试行)》有感

企业价值评估是价值评估的一个重要分支.其评估的对象是企业的整体价值、企业全部股权或部分股权的价值.自中国资产评估行业创立始,企业价值评估就是其一项主要的业务,但是许多评估师对企业价值评估的认识还只是停留在将企业各项资产价值累加的阶段.现中国资产评估协会发布了企业价值评估指导意见,为广大的评估师以及企业价值评估服务使用者等各方人士提供了一个重新认识企业价值评估的契机.     

公路收费权价值评估方法分析

通过对公路收费权属性的分析,说明可用收益法、市场法和成本法三种方法对公路收费权这一无形资产进行评估.最后提出,可对三种方法评估结果进行加权平均,以求评估结果更趋于合理化.     

股权分置改革中"支付对价"的会计处理

当前,股权分置改革已成为我国经济领域中的焦点问题。而其中“支付对价”的会计处理也受到众多人士的关注。本文在此探讨这一问题仅代表个人观点。本文的基本观点:在股权分置改革中,非流通股东向流通股东支付对价是为了获得上市流通权,会计处理上应资本化而非费用化。相应地,这部分对价资产不需摊销,而是在股份实现流通时结转成本,与减持股份实现的收入相配比。相关概念释义1“.流通权”“。流通权”并非指股份转让权。股份自由转让系股份公司的本质特征,无论流通股还是非流通股都拥有这项权利,例如多年来盛行的非流通股的协议转让就是行使…     

An optimization approach to business buyer choice sets: How many suppliers should be included?

In many new or repeat purchasing situations, business buyers must decide how many suppliers to consider (a “choice set”) in determining which supplier(s) to actually buy from or contract with. This paper develops an optimization approach to determining the size of the choice set, taking into consideration buyer utility and search and evaluation costs. A theoretical model is developed for both one-time and repeat purchase situations. The model is estimated using empirical data received from bids received for procurement auctions. In these auctions, suppliers provide bids for steel pipe based on two product attributes (price and delivery time). Model sensitivity to small changes in parameters is also tested.     

Short-Sale Restrictions and Price Clustering: Evidence from SEC Rule 201

We provide a novel test of information-based theories of price clustering by examining trade, order, and the National Best Bid and Offer (NBBO) quote price clustering during periods when information is removed from the market. We use a natural experiment of short-sale restrictions resulting from Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 201 to more effectively determine the impact of information on price clustering. We find evidence of increased price clustering for trades, orders, and NBBO prices during short-sale restrictions. Overall, our findings indicate that short-sale restrictions harm the price discovery process and lead to a reduction in market efficiency.     

Oil shocks,policy uncertainty and earnings surprises

The study utilizes a structural VAR model to understand the connections among oil shocks, policy uncertainty and aggregate earnings in US. We find that the positive innovations in US oil supply increase the aggregate earnings. A rise in the US policy uncertainty decreases the aggregate earnings. After 2007 with the shale oil development in US, the earnings responses to the US oil supply shocks has increased. Over time shocks to US oil supply reduce the policy uncertainty. The development of US oil production is associated with the increase in income and the enhancement on political and economy security in US. Policy uncertainty plays an important role in the transmission of oil shocks to the earnings. The structural oil price shocks explain around 35% of the overall variations in the policy uncertainty in the long run and cause long swings in the policy uncertainty. The direct effects of oil shocks on the aggregate earnings are amplified by the endogenous responses of policy uncertainty.