企业风险传导及其载体研究

本文在概述风险与企业风险的基础上定义了何为企业风险传导,并对企业风险的传导路径作了归纳和分析;阐述了在企业风险的传导链和传导网络中,载体是风险传导过程中风险各要素相互联系的桥梁,也是各要素相互作用实现的有效形式;还揭示了在整个风险传导过程中,载体具有承载风险和传导风险的作用,同时,风险源、驱动力以及风险载体之间相互作用形成的耦合效应也使载体在企业风险传导链中具有“放大镜”的效应;并从企业风险传导的角度探讨了如何防范和控制企业风险。     

中国农村居民文教娱乐消费区域性差异分析——基于中国省际面板数据的研究

本文通过运用面板数据模型对我国农村居民文教娱乐消费问题进行了分析,研究发现我国东部农村地区对文教娱乐消费存在消费一致性的现象,而收入因素是最为重要的影响消费的因素。而与之相反的是我国中西部地区各省际间在农村居民文教娱乐消费问题上存在巨大的个体差异性,传统的消费影响因素对消费问题并未起到显著影响,而一些特定性因素如一段时间内的地方性政策或个人偏好等起到关键作用。而对比中部与西部这些特定影响因素的差异程度我们还可以发现我国区域经济政策在中西部农村居民文教娱乐消费问题上所造成的巨大影响。     

实施PPET战略，发展西部民族地区生态旅游

To help the poor and to develop tourism are two mportant problems in poverty-stricken areas. However,they were isola ted for years. The PPET strategy was put forward in this paper based on PPT. The feasibility and the realistic meaning of the strategy in developing the ecotourism, overcoming poverty, and achieving prosperity of minority areas in western China are analyzed by taking Xinlong county of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province as an example.     

中日传统文化对政治现代化的影响

对任何国家来讲,政治现代化既是现代化运动的一个重要方面,也是现代化运动的一个重要支撑,而传统文化对政治现代化有着不可低估的影响。传统文化是民族历史的结晶,蕴涵了本民族思维方式、价值观念、行为准则等因素,一方面具有强烈的历史性、遗传性,另一方面又具有鲜活的现实性、变异性。因此,传统文化为政治现代化提供历史的根据和现实的基础。本文将就中日两国不同的传统文化对各自政治现代化的影响进行浅析,以求对中国政治现代化道路做有益的探索。     

桑干河干流河道治理水文分析

山西省桑干河地处大同盆地,为稳定河势、疏通河道、提高防洪标准,拟对桑干河干流河道进行治理,阐述了桑干河干流各段设计洪水计算方法及计算成果,为桑干河干流河道治理提供参考依据。     

新疆汉水泉地区地下水环境背景值计算

以新疆汉水泉地区为研究区,依据其水文地质条件,将其划分为两个相对独立的水文地质单元——库木苏洼地和汉水泉洼地,采集该地区39组地下水水样,研究该地区的地下水环境背景值。采用格鲁布斯检验法剔除采集样本中的异常数据,库木苏洼地剔除异常指标1个,汉水泉洼地剔除异常指标13个。采用夏皮洛—威尔克检验法判断地下水化学组分含量频数分布类型,结果表明:库木苏洼地和汉水泉洼地以正态分布和对数正态分布居多,偏态分布较少。通过对整个汉水泉地区地下水组分含量的分析,得出汉水泉地区地下水环境的背景值,分析结果表明:研究区微量元素的检出率不高,表示其受污染程度较低。     

高速公路跨潇河桥梁防洪影响的防治措施

为减小某高速公路大桥建设对潇河河道行洪影响,文中根据桥梁设计及河道现状提出对大桥所在上、下游河段进行河道清理,调整理顺主槽河势,拓宽行洪主槽,以减小桥墩与水流夹角,降低桥墩阻水面积,修建护岸工程以稳定河势,控制主槽摆动的防治措施,以满足行洪安全要求。     

Imbalance of plankton community metabolism in eutrophic Lake Taihu, China

Studies suggest that oligotrophic lakes are net heterotrophic and act as net sources of CO₂, whereas eutrophic lakes are net autotrophic and act as net CO₂ sinks. Data on plankton community metabolism in Lake Taihu contradict this hypothesis. Here, the ratios of depth integrated gross primary production (GPP) to plankton community respiration (PCR) were less than one on 75% of the study sampling dates, indicating that this system was net heterotrophic. Partial pressure estimated for CO₂ also indicated that the lake was a net source of CO₂. Net heterotrophic conditions here may be related to limitation of phytoplankton photosynthesis by the poor underwater light climate (due to elevated suspended solids (SS) and nutrients originating in the catchment) and the preferential enhancement of respiration by high water temperatures. GPP and PCR were significantly correlated (PCR = 1.22GPP + 0.46, r² = 0.80) indicating a partial dependence of heterotrophs on algal derived carbon. The slope of the regression line relating PCR to GPP was more similar to slopes found in rivers than in lakes, likely due to the large nutrient and SS load to the lake.     

Effect of Ce(3+) on soluble microbial products production in anaerobic granular sludge digestion

Upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactors fed on glucose were used to investigate the effects of Ce(3+) on soluble microbial products (SMP) production, which is the majority of the residual chemical oxygen demand present in the effluent. It was found that Ce(3+) concentration of 0.05 mg/L had no significant effect on the amount of SMP production, whereas that of 1 mg/L led to the increase in SMP production. The molecular-weight distribution and carbohydrate analysis indicated that an increase in SMP production may be partly attributed to the release of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) into the bulk solution resulted from cerium toxicity, and the nucleic acids analysis suggested that increased cell lysis also contributed to SMP accumulation in the presence of Ce(3+). The increase in SMP production in the presence of Ce(3+) is possibly a consequence of the release of EPS and increased cell lysis due to cerium toxicity.     

Removal of endocrine disrupting chemicals in a large scale membrane bioreactor plant combined with anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process for municipal wastewater reclamation

The removal of eight typical endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in a full scale membrane bioreactor combined with anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process (A(2)/O-MBR) for municipal wastewater reclamation located in Beijing was investigated. These EDCs, including 4-octylphenol (4-OP), 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP), bisphenol A (BPA), estrone (E1), 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), 17β-estradiol (17β-E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), were simultaneously analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry after derivatization. The concentrations of eight EDCs were also measured in sludge of anaerobic, anoxic, oxic and membrane tanks to measure sludge-water distribution coefficients (K(d) values) as the indicator of adsorption propensity of target compound to sludge. The removal efficiencies of EDCs reached above 97%, except for 4-n-NP removal efficiency of 72%, 4-OP removal efficiency of 75% and EE2 removal efficiency of 87% in the A(2)/O-MBR process. The high K(d) values indicated that the sludge had a large adsorption capacity for these EDCs, and significantly contributed to removal of EDCs. Yeast estrogen screen assay was performed on samples to assess the total estrogenic activity by measuring the 17β-E2 equivalent quantity (EEQ), expressed in ng-EEQ/L. The measured EEQ value was markedly reduced from 72.1 ng-EEQ/L in the influent to 4.9 ng-EEQ/L in the effluent. Anoxic tank and anaerobic tank contributed to 80% and 37% in total EEQ removal, respectively.