某水电站覆盖层地基渗透系数反演分析

结合某水利枢纽工程,基于其工程地质和水文资料(钻孔勘探和抽注水试验等),利用有限元ANSYS优化设计模块,对坝址区渗流域全天然渗流场进行三维渗流参数反演计算,以确定坝基的实际渗透系数,为后面的渗流分析、选择合理的渗流控制措施以及防渗技术方案优化提供可靠的计算依据。     

地下水污染风险评价研究进展

鉴于地下水污染风险评价是地下水环境风险评价的重要组成部分,也是地下水污染防控的重要环节,为全面了解地下水污染风险评价的研究现状,在综合国内外文献和资料的基础上,对地下水污染风险评价的相关研究成果进行总结与评述。首先,对地下水污染风险的概念进行回顾,并就其属性特征与评价历程进行概述。其次,重点介绍了地下水污染风险评价的主要研究内容与具体评价方法。最后,分析了当前地下水污染风险评价中存在的问题,指出未来需要在地下水污染风险评价的理论体系、地下水污染风险评价的不确定性、地下水污染风险区划以及风险决策管理等方面加强研究。     

高含沙水流基本理论综述

对现有高含沙水流理论研究进行了回顾,着重从高含沙水流粘性系数、宾汉极限剪切力、泥沙沉速、流速分布、水流阻力和水流挟沙力等方面进行了成果综述,探讨了现有研究成果的不足和有待改进的地方.本文旨在对高含沙水流理论研究的现状有所认识,对进一步研究高含沙水流的特性具有一定指导意义.     

闸坝调度对水质改善的可调性研究

以沙颖河干流上的槐店闸为代表性闸坝,提出一套闸坝调度对河流水质改善的可调性评估技 术方法。其内容包括:首先,对闸坝调度改善水质状况的可调性的概念及其内涵进行了界定;为了定 量评估闸坝可调性,进一步研制了闸坝调度影响模型(考虑闸坝及底泥影响的一维水动力和水环境模 型)和闸坝可调性的评价指标和评价方法;然后将以上方法应用于槐店闸,对槐店闸改善河流水质的 可调性进行了识别。     

有压管道过渡过程的数值计算

基于理想气体状态方程和全新的圆形管道水体积与水深关系数学模型,按照小流量充水原则,结合空气阀的进、排气性质和泄水管的排水特性,对一定的充水流量和不同的放水流量下有压管道充、放水过程中气体压力的变化进行了数值计算。结果表明:在小流量充水的情况下,管内的气体压力不是很高,放水流量越大,对应管段的气体压力越小、管道越危险。     

泥沙随机数学模型分析及其初步应用

通过引入随机理论及其相关处理方法,详细分析随机概念下的泥沙冲淤模式,建立了基于随机理论的泥沙数学模型。此模型避开了恢复饱和系数意义不明、取值不确定问题,以及含沙量与挟沙力的复杂性问题。通过水库淤积、水槽冲刷及一般河道的冲淤计算应用,结果证明本模式定性合理,可与确定性的传统水沙动力学方法作对比。     

科尔沁沙地甸子地土壤蒸发的野外试验研究

采用单因子相关分析、多元回归模拟和灰色关联分析方法研究了科尔沁沙地甸子地不同深度的土壤蒸发量与土壤温度、气温、湿度、风速、日照时数、地下水位埋深等因素的关系.结果表明:用线性方程或指数回归方程拟合土壤蒸发与其影响因素的相关关系,优于二次回归多项式或三次回归多项式.影响土壤蒸发的主要因子是土壤温度和大气温(湿)度,其次是风速和地下水位埋深,而日照时数对土壤蒸发的影响较小.     

长江藕池口水道平面二维水沙数学模型研究

针对三峡水库蓄水以后,藕池口水道滩槽格局稳定性下降,航道条件持续恶化的情况,开展了水道演变相关研究工作。模拟并预测了这一典型弯曲分汊河段在新水沙条件下的演变趋势。研究结果表明,三峡水库蓄水以后,该水道倒口窑心滩从生成到并岸的周期性演变规律并未发生本质性变化,且该区域可能在倒口窑心滩并岸之后发育新的心滩;航宽有不断变窄的趋势,建议及早展开系统治理,以保证该航道稳定的通航条件。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SEDIMENT RESUSPENSION IN TAIHU LAKE UNDER DIFFERENT HYDRODYNAMIC DISTURBANCES

Contaminants resuspension in sediments induced by wind-wave could influence the water quality in shallow lakes. Resuspension of surface sediments from the Zhushan Bay, Taihu Lake was simulated under different wind forcing by using a pneumatic annular flume in this study. Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV) was used to measure flow velocity at each wind speed, and the characteristics of sediment resuspension were studied with the layered sampling technology. The experimental results show that the flow velocity increases with wind speed obviously and 6m/s is a critical wind speed which affected hydrodynamic conditions significantly. The distribution of flow velocity and water depth is different from that in ordinary open channel. With the enhanced hydrodynamic factors, the Suspended Solids Concentration (SSC) in water increases accordingly, and the incipient velocity of sediment resuspension is about 0.21 m/s. Based on the analysis of wind speed and average SSC in water column, the quantitative relationship is obtained. The SSC of the bottom layer is higher than the content of surface layer under different hydrodynamic conditions, and there are similar distributions between SSC and flow velocity in different water layers.     

Multi-mode of vortex-induced vibration of a flexible circular cylinder

The vortex-induced vibration of a flexible circular cylinder is investigated at a constant Reynolds number of 1 000.The finite-volume method on moving meshes is applied for the fluid flow, and the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is used to model the dynamic response of a flexible cylinder.The relationship between the reduced velocity and the amplitude response agrees well with the experimental results.Moreover, five different vibrating modes appear in the simulation.From the comparisons of their vortex structures, the strength of the wake flow is related to the exciting vibrating mode and different vortex patterns arise for different vibrating modes.Only 2P pattern appears in the first vibrating mode while 2S-2P patterns occur in the other vibrating modes if monitoring at different sections along the length of the cylinder.The vibration of the flexible cylinder can also greatly alter the three-dimensionality in the wake, which needs further studies in our future work, especially in the transition region for the Reynolds number from 170 to 300.