论我国对独立董事制度的引进与立法完善

由于在公司法人治理结构中,监事会监督职能不能充分发挥,我国引入了独立董事制度。在引入这一制度的过程中,不论在立法上还是在实践中都存在一定的问题,为了使独立董事制度在实践中有法可依,我国必须在立法上对这一制度进行完善。     

市场经济体制下基础性研究的若干问题

本文针对近年来我国市场经济的发展给科技领域特别是基础研究带来的变化进行客观的、较为深入的分析，从而进一步阐明基础性研究在我国经济建设中的战略地位。通过分析基础性研究面临的几个主要问题，以对比的方式说明在社会主义市场经济条件下加强基础性研究的必要性并提出相应的对策。     

教育现代化浅析

实现教育现代化是各国教育的共同追求.在<中国教育改革和发展纲要>中也提出了我国教育现代化的整体规划.本文力图从"教育要尽可能适应现代社会发展对人才的需求";"教育现代化的内容"以及"教育现代化是目标与过程的统一"三个方面对教育现代化做浅显的分析,以期唤起教育现代化的意识,增进对教育现代化的认识.     

论传统企业与电子商务

互联网技术的不断发展给全球经济带来新的革命，同时了改变了整个商业社会的竞争格局，使传统企业面临着新的机遇和挑战，利用INTERNET开展电子商务，企业可以拥有更广阔的市场和更优势的发展渠道。     

Water Bloom Precursor Analysis Based on Two Direction S-Rough Set

In the field of water quality management, it is vital to determine the main precursory anomalies from the precursor of intricate water bloom in the context of a given area. In this paper, a water bloom precursor analysis method, based on two direction singular rough set, was proposed. This approach was produced on the basis of the different sections and pre-water bloom of water bloom precursor anomalies and characteristic of elements transferred in singular rough set. For testing the validity of two direction singular rough set application in water bloom precursor analysis, Xiangxi River, which is one of the typical tributaries of Three Gorges Reservoir in China, was selected as study area. The result showed that compared with other indexes, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) are the most valuable indicators of water bloom in the precursory anomalies. Furthermore, regarding with water bloom precursory anomalies in Xiangxi River, most of the nutrient loading and biological community are the key indicators. Hence, this method can determine the main precursory anomaly for water bloom in the study area, which provides powerful knowledge support to water quality specialists for them to comprehensively analyze precursory anomaly so as to find out its relationship with occurrence law of water bloom.     

Experimental study on temperature stress calculation and temperature control optimization of concrete based on early age parameters

Temperature control curve is the key to achieving temperature control and crack prevention of high concrete dam during construction,and its rationality depends on the accurate measurement of temperature stress.With the simulation testing machine for the temperature stress,in the present study,we carried out the deformation process tests of concrete under three temperature curves：convex,straight and concave.Besides,we not only measured the early-age elastic modulus,creep parameters and stress process,but also proposed the preferred type.The results show that at early age,higher temperature always leads to greater elastic modulus and smaller creep.However,the traditional indoor experiments have underestimated the elastic modulus and creep development at early age,which makes the calculated value of temperature stress too small,thus increasing the cracking risk.In this study,the stress values of the three curves calculated based on the strain and early-age parameters are in good agreement with the temperature stress measured by the temperature stress testing machine,which verifies the method accuracy.When the temperature changes along the concave curve,the law of stress development is in consistent with that of strength.Under this condition,the stress fluctuation is small and the crack prevention safety of the concave type is higher,so the concave type is better.The test results provide a reliable basis and support for temperature control curve design and optimization of concrete dams.     

金沙江下游梯级水库汛期分期及汛限水位合理性研究

汛期分期以及分期汛限水位的合理确定,能够较好地协调水库防洪效益与发电效益之间的矛盾,对充分发挥水库的防洪、发电能力,以及提高汛期洪水资源利用率具有重要意义。基于改进的模糊集分析方法并依据金沙江下游乌东德、白鹤滩、溪洛渡、向家坝4个梯级水库入库洪水对其汛期进行分期,通过隶属度与防洪库容的映射关系确定梯级水库分期汛限水位,提出利用跨期选样法对分期结果及汛限水位进行修正。研究结果表明:金沙江下游梯级水库前汛期为6月1日—7月14日,主汛期为7月15日—9月16日,后汛期为9月17日—10月24日,4个梯级水库合理汛限水位分别为962,800,575,374 m。通过不同典型洪水放大的洪水过程检验了分期汛限水位的合理性。研究得到的金沙江下游梯级分期结果及各库分期汛限水位,均能够在满足防洪安全的前提下提高水库发电等经济效益,在一定程度上提高了汛期洪水资源的利用率。     

南通市地下水压缩开采对水质咸化的控制效应

为了准确评价南通市地下水压缩开采对水质咸化的控制效应,根据南通市的水文地质条件,概化出了南通市的水文地质概念模型,建立了南通市地下水渗流与溶质运移三维耦合数值模型,分别预测了现状开采和压缩开采条件下2018-2034年逐年地下水水位和地下水中氯离子质量浓度的变化趋势。预测结果表明:现状开采条件下2034年底南通市第Ⅲ承压含水层中氯离子质量浓度大于250 mg/L和270 mg/L的面积分别达到355.17 km^2和30.67 km^2,2030-2034年咸化速率为9.59 km^2/a;压缩开采条件下2034年底氯离子质量浓度大于250 mg/L和270 mg/L的面积分别为329.21 km^2和1.76 km^2,2030-2034年咸化速率为7.52 km^2/a,压缩开采方案能有效控制第Ⅲ承压水的咸化问题。     

Earnings Differentials between State and Non-State Enterprises in Urban China

The present paper estimates earnings differentials between state and non-state sectors for Chinese urban residents in 1996 by taking into account differences in non-wage benefits. Household survey data are used to estimate wage differentials while aggregate statistics are utilised in estimating non-wage benefits. We find that state-sector workers earned significantly more than workers in urban collective and domestic private enterprises in 1996. Unskilled workers in foreign invested enterprises (FIE) earned significantly less than those in the state sector but skilled workers earned more in FIE than in the state sector. These findings shed light on the source of labour immobility that state-owned enterprise had experienced until recently.