中国GST地区收入与其负担的差异研究

文章基于我国“营改增”改革削弱了地方政府税收征管权进而引起收入分配争议的现实背景,运用投入产出等分析方法计算出中国各地区GST的负担额,并引入地区税收负担度指标对各地区GST收入及其负担的差异程度与特征进行了系统描述.研究发现:(1)各地区GST负担度差异较大;(2)GST负担度整体上呈现“西高东低”的特点,增值税是造成这一状况的主导因素;(3)消费税负担度则呈现“东高西低”的特征,这符合公平原则.各地区GST负担度差异较大的原因包括税负转嫁、原产地原则、转让定价、地区产业不均衡和汇总纳税等.因此,为降低中国地区间GST收入与负担的差异程度,应当建立以目的地原则为主导的GST分配机制和有助于协调收入及其负担的转移支付制度,并完善跨区域经营管理体制等.     

公司选聘关系型独董仅是任人唯亲吗?—基于商业关系维护视角的分析

在我国人情交织的商业背景下,许多公司聘请了与高管存在社会关联的独立董事,由此产生了拖累企业治理效果的担忧.然而,企业聘请这类独立董事仅仅是关系作用下任人唯亲的行为吗?文章通过收集我国上市公司独立董事与董事长或总经理的社会关系数据,以2008-2015年上市公司作为研究样本,发现较多地与商业伙伴进行关系型交易的企业更倾向于聘请关系型独董.其原因在于,社会关系带来的信任使关系型独董能够为企业保守交易过程中的商业信息,并且支持企业为稳固商业关系而做出的相关决策.这一现象在企业处于激烈的行业竞争及较差的地区商业环境时更加明显.经济后果分析表明,这类企业聘请关系型独董后进行了更多的专有资产投资,并获得了更快的销售增长.文章研究表明,企业选择关系型独董不仅仅是关系使然,很可能是企业权衡自身特质后的一种理性选择.     

煤矿区井采土地复垦保证金征收标准研究

本文以煤矿区井工开采为研究对象,在中国矿业大学肖武等人研究基础上,完善评价指标体系,建立更为全面的复垦成本计算模型,即C=∑Si·Di·Xi,选取我国采煤大省山西省某矿区作为模型并通过了验证。为复垦保证金收取标准提供新的思路。     

Discovering bank risk factors from financial statements based on a new semi‐supervised text mining algorithm

This paper aims to comprehensively uncover bank risk factors from qualitative textual risk disclosures reported in financial statements, which contain a huge amount of information on bank risks. We propose a new semi‐supervised text mining approach named naive collision algorithm to analyse the textual risk disclosures, which can more accurately identify bank risk factors compared with the typical unsupervised text mining approach. We identified 21 bank risk factors in total, which is far more than identified in previous studies. We further analyse the importance of each bank risk factor and how the importance of each risk factor changes over time.     

UK and China Cooperate in Tackling Climate Change

A new online tool has been unveiled by UK and China to deal with the challenges of climate change.DECC and its Chinese partner,the Energy Research Institute of National Development and Reform Commission,unveiled the"Global Calculator"at launch events simultaneously held in London and Beijing on January 28.The tool shows that cutting carbon emissions to limit global temperatures to a 2℃rise can be achieved while improving living standards.     

The issue of translation during thematic analysis in a tourism research context

This research note discusses issues with translation of non-English text during qualitative analysis in tourism research using examples from the newly emergent phenomenon of Chinese working holidaymakers in New Zealand. In particular, this note highlights an additional translation step in the thematic analysis process with non-English interview quotes and excerpts. This note argues the merit of researchers’ dual role as researcher/translator and discusses how researchers can undertake translation in cross-language research to maintain the rigour of qualitative tourism research.     

Unfolding China’s state-owned corporate empires and mitigating agency hazards: Effects of foreign investments and innovativeness

Integrating agency and institutional perspectives, we describe how China’s socio-political institutions create state-owned corporate empires with unique agency conflicts. We develop a framework demonstrating how economically unjustified firm expansion, i.e. empire building, mediates the relationship between state ownership and performance. We uncover the instrument in empire building and appropriate corporate governance and strategic management remedies. An empirical study on 29,638 Chinese firms evidences that (1) increased state ownership drives higher management expenses and lower firm profitability though empire building; (2) long-term debt is used to finance empire building; and (3) foreign capital investments and innovativeness can mitigate these agency conflicts.     

Banks’ Governance and Innovation: Evidence from the Listed Firms in China

ABSTRACT

The article investigates the relationship between banks, agency costs, and innovation ability of listed firms. The role of banks in affecting innovation is a very important topic especially in China where banks play more important roles than equity markets. We find that banks providing short-term funds to listed non-high-tech firms dampen their innovation ability significantly. However, the relationship between short-term loans and innovation ability in high-tech firms is insignificant. The effects of short-term loans on innovation ability are significantly different between high-tech and non-high-tech firms. Further examination shows that high-tech firms with more short-term bank loans have significantly less abnormal management expenses than non-high-tech firms in the next year. The reduced abnormal management expenses in the next year significantly enhance the innovation ability in the year after next.     

企业全面预算管理问题及改进

全面预算管理是基于企业的内外环境的预算管理方式,企业通过高效的预算管理提升经营管理水平,优化企业的内部资源分配。全面预算管理在企业中的应用已经逐渐趋于成熟,也取得了较好的成绩。企业利用全面预算管理规范内部的经营管理,规划企业的未来发展趋势,预算管理是实现企业战略目标的重要手段,但是企业在落实全面预算管理过程中,仍然存在一定的问题,使全面预算管理的作用不能完全发挥。本文主要分析了企业全面预算管理存在的问题,并且提出了相应的解决措施。