Environmental protection versus economic growth

This paper presents and analyses the differences in the eco-models implemented worldwide （such as whether and how carbon taxes being ＂recycled＂）, or in their efficiency parameters （inconsistent parameter values that account for different results）. This is the assumption that a real tradeoff exists between the production of environmental goods. The present article empirically proves that something must be given up in order to gain something else, and once equations are specified to trace out the path of the economy over time, the natural economic formulation of such equations will embody the notion of economic and bio-tradeoffs.     

THEORIES OF CHOICE UNDER IGNORANCE AND UNCERTAINTY

Abstract. In this paper, Knight's distinction between risk and uncertainty, and its significance for economic analysis are examined. The paper consists of a survey of some recent developments on the theory of choice under uncertainty and some applications of these theories to problems for which Bayesian Decision Theory has not proved entirely satisfactory. Two problems are examined in detail. The first is that of finance and insurance and the second is that of risktaking behaviour with special emphasis on lotteries.     

寻找理性经济行为的逻辑新起点——试论中国传统伦理下的中庸理性经济人

在主流经济学的视野中,追求效用最大化是社会个体理性行为的基本准则。文章认为主流经济学理性假设的根本问题在于没有揭示特定人类社会的独特复杂特征。主流经济学家忽略了在现实生活中存在于西方文明之外的实然——中庸理性。文章尝试在以中庸理性为假设的理性经济人模型基础上,探讨中国传统伦理下中庸理性经济人的演化及其存在的可能空间。     

关于深化农电体制改革的建议

总结了我国农电体制改革在构建农村供电所或营业所、促进农业经济发展等方面的成效,分析了县级供电企业存在的政企未完全分开、股份制改革困难较多、产权关系复杂等问题,提出在深化农电体制改革的过程中,应优先考虑上划方式结束对县级供电企业的代管,明晰农电资产所有权,对农电工管理采用农电业务外包方式,建立有效的农电投融资机制及合理的农村电价形成机制。     

Value creation through stakeholder synergy

Our “stakeholder synergy” perspective identifies new value creation opportunities that are especially effective strategically because a single strategic action (1) increases different types of value for two or more essential stakeholder groups simultaneously, and (2) does not reduce the value already received by any other essential stakeholder group. This result is obtainable because multiple potential sources of value creation exist for each essential stakeholder group. Actions that meet these criteria increase the size of the value “pie” available for essential stakeholder groups, and thereby serve to attract exceptional stakeholders and obtain their increasing effort and commitment. The stakeholder synergy perspective extends stakeholder theory further into the strategy realm, and offers insights for realizing broader value creation that is more likely to produce sustainable competitive advantage. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Repeated moral hazard and recursive Lagrangeans

This paper shows how to solve dynamic agency models by extending recursive Lagrangean techniques à la Marcet and Marimon (2011) to problems with hidden actions. The method has many advantages with respect to the promised utilities approach (Abreu et al., 1990): it is a significant improvement in terms of simplicity, tractability and computational speed. Solutions can be easily computed for hidden actions models with several endogenous state variables and several agents, while the promised utilities approach becomes extremely difficult and computationally intensive even with just one state variable or two agents.     

超市消费者购物行为理论研究

本文以理论研究的方法探讨了超市消费者在不同形态超市购物行为中三个重要的内容——择店行为、消费额度、消费频次。提出了购物效用在消费者购物行为中所起的作用以及择店行为、消费额度和消费频次之间的关系。经研究表明,不同形态超市为消费者带来的效用不同,这种效用的差别是影响消费者购物行为的关键因素。     

Agent-based simulation of consumer purchase behaviour based on quality,price and promotion

ABSTRACT

This paper studies the influence factors in consumer purchase behaviour. First, through reading and analysing the related paper, the authors summarise a lot of influence factors. Second, combined with the theme of the study, experts and scholars discuss these influence factors and choose quality, price and promotion of commodity as the object of this paper. Third, this paper presents an agent-based model and simulation method on the consumer purchase behaviours based on quality, price and promotion of commodity. The utility function is used to describe the model, which is implemented under NetLogo simulation environment. The results show that the proposed model can analyse and predict the effects of different quality, price and promotion strategies by the emergence of consumer purchase behaviour.     

小户型设计中的扩展艺术

由于房价高企,城市人口增多,小户型成为年轻人的热门选择。户型虽小但是生活却不会因此而缩小,如何在有限的空间中创造出最大的使用功能,是目前很受关注的一个问题。因为小户型的空间划分和布局受到户型和面积的限制,装修时往往导致房屋空间功能不全,或者房屋的整体协调性美观程度降低。因此在装修前,需要按照自己的需求对空间进行重新划分,使其在更合理化、人性化,同时整体协调,不杂乱。只要有合理的布局,小户型也可以拥有舒适的生活空间。