Conditions for disarmament: A game theoretical model

Starting from the widely accepted Prisoners' Dilemma model to describe arms race situations between rival powers, we investigate how changes of preference relations among the four strategy combinations (disarmament and armament for both sides) can help to overcome the arms race dilemma.Part of the research for this paper was carried out under a fellowship from Merriam Laboratory for Analytic Political Research, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA. An extended version of this paper is part of the author's dissertation (Engelmann 1993) at Technical University Darmstadt, Germany.     

Rebuilding Strategies for Multispecies Fisheries: A Stylized Bioeconomic Model

In this paper, we investigate the bioeconomicimpacts of selected rebuilding strategies in amultispecies fishery. Using a stylizedbioeconomic model, we identify the conditionsunder which modifying the species selectivityproperties of the gear would contribute to therebuilding of over-exploited stocks. We examinethe cases where the stocks are biologicallyindependent and interdependent. Our analysissuggests that the success of the rebuildingprocess not only depends on the nature of thegear modifications but also on the biologicaland economic characteristics of the fishery.     

对会计模拟若干问题的研究

将自然科学中运用的模拟实验机制,引入会计学的教学领域,开展会计模拟实验研究,是我国会计学科理论与教学研究中的一个引人注目的新课题。随着会计模拟实验活动的逐步深入,必将在会计学科体系中孕育出一个新的重要分支—“会计模拟实验学”。基于这一基本认识,本文拟就会计模拟实验产生的背景和特点、实验模型的选择和设计、模拟会计电算化等问题进行讨论。     

基于SEM的土地整理项目“三农”效益评价——以陕西省揉谷镇347份农户调查为例

研究目的:从农户视角出发,以陕西省杨凌示范区揉谷镇347份农户调查为基础,定量评价土地整理项目的"三农"效益,为提高土地整理效益提供相关建议。研究方法:选取农业效益、农村效益和农民效益共3个潜变量和15个观测变量建立结构方程模型(SEM)。研究结果:(1)揉谷镇土地整理项目"三农"效益处于中等水平,农村效益较好,农业效益次之,农民效益最低;(2)农村效益和农业效益均对农民效益产生了一定的显著影响,但农业效益对农民效益的影响较低,农业效益每增加1单位,农民效益仅增加0.18单位。研究结论:在今后的土地整理过程中,要努力提高"三农"效益,特别是农民效益的提升,更要确保农民分享到农村效益、农业效益,推动"三农"协调发展,共同进步。     

Resilience toward supply disruptions: A stochastic inventory control model with partial backordering under the base stock policy

This paper examines supply-side disruptions using an inventory management framework to gain insights into the economic performance of buyers who use two conventional costing strategies – end-of-cycle and continuous. The proposed model assumes that a single supplier faces full disruptions with a probability, and therefore, fails to procure all the items ordered. Accordingly, the buyer experiences unmet demand, which is assumed to be partially backordered. To make proper replenishment decisions, two base stock (S,T) periodic review optimization models are developed. The objective functions minimize the expected long-run total costs (i.e., ordering, holding, and shortage). After proving their convexity and obtaining the optimal decisions, computational experiments were carried out to investigate the impacts of the change in parameters. The results highlight the importance of selecting a suitable ratio for backorders during supply disruptions, as it leads to lower costs and reduces the inventory obsolescence and overstocking risks. Moreover, the managerial insights derived from this study aid retailers to make better replenishment decisions (in terms of level and frequency) and to be more resilient in times of disruptions. Retailers can benefit from the provided solution algorithm as a computational application.     

影视剧的造型性叙事策略分析

发展至今,影视事业亦绝非常规意义上的静止性符号,更多是一种动态且复杂的变动语言系统。本文以影视剧的造型性叙事策略为研究对象,针对造型性叙事策略的应用问题展开了较为详细的分析与阐述,希望能够引起各方工作人员的特别关注与重视。     

Policy Capacity and Incapacity in Canada's Federal Government

Abstract

Governments, world-wide, are preoccupied with avoiding policy failure. A high level of policy capacity is considered one indicator of addressing this issue. Canada is typical of most countries where policy-related work tends to be centralized within its national capital city (Ottawa). There have been criticisms that on-the-ground perspectives are not conceded in policy decisions. Given the vast size and the decentralization of power, very little research has been dedicated to policy work conducted in its regions and whether it contributes to strengthening policy capacity. This article employs eight key hypotheses about contribution of Canadian regionally-based federal policy work to policy capacity based upon data derived from a national survey. A structural equation model (LISREL) is used to present the results. We find that regional-based policy work currently does little to enhance policy capacity. Policy work is divided along two distinct functional lines: traditional policy analysis and ‘street-level’ bureaucracy. The more engaging policy analysts belong to formal policy units which are a critical aspect of stronger policy capacity. The second factor contributing to policy capacity were attitudes towards the larger political arena.     

福建省高校精算本科教育与教学的思考

随着福建经济快速发展,对精算人才的需求越来越大,表现在福建省保险业的发展刺激保险精算人才的需求、福建省社会保障制度可持续健康的发展需要精算人才、金融机构风险管理技术的提升需要精算技术。为此,要提高对精算的宣传与认识,扩大精算本科招生规模、根据精算应用方向来设置课程、在教学上要从理论到实践,注重综合素质的培养、促进闽台两岸精算人才培养与合作,最终培养出适合市场需要精算复合型人才及促进福建省精算本科教育健康可持续发展。     

Headquarters to subsidiary transfer effects on marketing strategy exploitation

The transfer of locally created marketing strategies worldwide represents a key competitive advantage for multinational corporations (MNCs). Although a research topic of much interest, empirical content of past studies is scarce. Absorptive capacity studies typically test direct effects of either the transfer capacity of the strategy's initiator or the recipient's ability to process and exploit the strategy on related learning outcomes. Mixed findings allow the possibility of more complex relationships. This study examines the relationships between MNC headquarters and marketing units located in subsidiary firms using a sample of 213 marketing managers. The study systematically explores linear, interaction, and quadratic effects within a structural equation modeling paradigm. The findings indicate that the relationship between a MNC headquarters' transfer capacity and a subsidiary marketing unit's processing capacity on the strategy's exploitation is one of mediation and moderation. The subsidiary marketing unit's processing capacity is a key mediating variable and headquarters' transfer capacity moderates the effects of this variable on the exploitation of the marketing strategy by the subsidiary's unit.     

正演模拟技术指导下的小断层精细刻画

断层对油气运移、聚集起着至关重要的控制作用,是一种很重要的地质构造。随着油气勘探开发的不断深入,小断层所形成的油气藏越来越具有商业价值。小断层和岩性突变的反射特征在地震剖面上具有一定的相似性,为了在解释中进一步明确其反射特征的差异,精确刻画出小断层,分别设计了3m、5m小断层地质模型和砂岩叠置模型,正演模拟得到相应的地震剖面,分析其地震响应特征。研究表明,小断层发育部位反射波组有统一错断现象、小断层在横向上具有一定的延伸长度等,都有别于岩性突变造成的单一反射层错断和延伸短等特征。