Wall of cash: The investment-cash flow sensitivity when capital becomes abundant

In the mid 2000s the oil and gas industry was hit by what might be best described as a ‘wall of cash’ as oil prices successively reached new record levels and access to external financing improved greatly. In this article we investigate what this sudden abundance of liquidity implied for the investment-cash flow relationship, the interpretation of which continues to generate controversy in the literature. For financially constrained firms we find that the investment-cash flow sensitivity decreases in the abundance period (2005–2008), suggesting that the financing constraints became less binding in this period. For financially unconstrained firms the investment-cash flow sensitivity instead increases over time, suggesting that this relationship is driven by agency problems related to free cash flow. Our paper is the first in the investment-cash flow literature to bring evidence from a natural experiment in which there was an unexpected, exogenous, substantial, and persistent decrease in the cost of external financing.     

Tourism at Costalegre,Mexico: An ecosystem services-based exploration of current challenges and alternative futures

Tourism, as all human activities, is dependent on the natural environment and its respective ecosystem services (ES). Different user groups manage and consume these touristic ES differently, resulting in discrepancies and potential conflicts. Despite the urgency to find inclusive local approaches for sustainable development, tourism studies still analyze socio-economic and ecological impacts separately and lack integrated social–ecological approaches to improve foresight in tourism planning. Based on a growing concern regarding the future of Costalegre on the Jalisco coast of Western Mexico, we analyze through interviews, surveys, and participant observation the dependence of tourism on specific ecosystem services and conduct a scenario analysis which shows present and future implications for the social–ecological system. Furthermore, this analysis shows in detail how different scenarios change ES provision and people's livelihoods. Key findings include identifying freshwater provision and cultural ES as the most important touristic ES. At a regional scale, peasants in ejidos are the main ES stewards, whereas high-class tourism facilities constitute important local stewards. Benefits, mainly access to freshwater and the beach, are unequally distributed, provoking conflicts among different ES user groups that may escalate in the near future. Improved communication between all user groups and strengthening of key political actors seem to be the most immediate recommendations to ensure the long term sustainability of this particular region. This work may contribute to improved planning and decision-making as our ES based scenarios are a first step to integrate social–ecological knowledge into improved decision-making. At a local scale, the study reveals the most likely future development options and their social and ecological consequences. It could also serve as a baseline for informed policy making.     

An Application of the Dynamic Network DEA Model: The Case of Banks in Taiwan

ABSTRACT

In this study, we apply the dynamic network slack-based measure data envelopment analysis model (DNSBM) to measure the efficiency of Taiwanese banks during the period 2005–11. Using the network structure, we define intellectual capital creation capability as one of the production stages. In order to capture the dynamics of the transformation process, the nonperforming loans and loan loss reserves are defined as carryover items. This study offers sufficient information for managers to understand not only the overall performance of their banks but also the efficiency of each production stage and the dynamic changes of the overall and divisional efficiencies.     

Mapping research on R&D,innovation and productivity: a study of an academic endeavour

ABSTRACT

This paper accounts for the development of the academic endeavour to determine the firm-level relationship between investments in R&D and productivity. The impact of 28 highly cited publications within this line of study is investigated using a combination of bibliometric techniques and citation function analysis. We show how the attention paid to this line of research broadens and deepens in parallel to the diffusion of innovation as a research theme during 2000s. Our findings also suggest that the attraction of scholarly attention is driven by combination of broadening interest in the central research question under study and boundary-pushing methodological contributions made in the key contributions.     

人民币国际化决定因素分析

货币国际化收益公式是研究货币国际化理论的核心问题。一国货币到国际货币,铸币税收益与境外储备资产金融业收益远大于其所付出的相关成本。但是,货币国际化收益不是一国货币国际化的决定因素,其决定因素还在于该货币的市场选择与制度安排的结果,在于其内在的世界经济地位等因素。     

完善我国循环经济投资机制的思考

我国的循环经济投资机制尚不健全,企业对治污缺乏动力,环保投资严重不足。应借鉴日本经验,完善政府投资主导机制,加大政府投资力度,建立环境投资的市场激励机制,通过财政补贴、税收、政府购买等方式引导企业积极投资,重点解决循环经济发展的科技创新和技术保障问题。     

A Comment on Weak Disposability in Nonparametric Production Analysis

In his 2005 paper in this journal, Kuosmanen argues that Shephard's specification of weak disposability in activity analysis (DEA) models is not correct. We show that Shephard's specification does satisfy weak disposability and is the "smallest" technology to do so.     

林改中农户参与林地流转意愿与影响因素分析——以云南省麻栗坡县为例

论述了麻栗坡县集体林权改革和林地流转的现状和特点,分别用描述性分析和统计学相关分析的方法对林农参与林地流转意愿的影响因素进行实证分析,得出了林农的受教育程度、对林地流转的认识程度、家庭林地和农地面积、农户家庭的林业收入、林地流转的容易程度及对森林资产评估的满意程度等因素影响林农参与林地流转的意愿,提出了实现林地流转必须要提高教育水平,建立并完善林地流转体系、林业服务体系及森林资产评估体系,并搭建林地流转平台,健全法制等对策与建议。     

云南省粮食产能安全主要影响因素的定量分析

应用灰色关联度分析方法,对云南省1999-2008年粮食产量主要影响因素(耕地面积、粮食播种面积、粮食单产、有效灌溉面积、化肥使用量、受灾面积、成灾面积、农业机械总动力、农村用电量和烟叶产量)进行分析,结果表明:耕地面积和粮食单产对粮食产量的影响居第一位和第二位,对粮食产能安全影响最为突出.其余影响因子的关联度排序依次...     

点-轴系统开发模式中不同等级城市节点经济影响效应——以哈大齐工业走廊为例

点-轴理论系统在我国国土开发和区域发展中得到广泛应用并产生了深远的影响,该系统模式不同程度的体现了社会经济空间组织的有效形式,是制定区域生产力合理布局和城市重点发展战略的重要结构模式.本文以借助多元计量统计模型以及聚类分析方法来探究点轴理论系统中各个城市节点的等级,并以此挖掘不同规模等级的城市节点在整个空间区域中的经济...