农民工教育与职业的匹配及其工资效应——基于城市规模视角

农民工教育与职业的匹配状况对提高劳动力资源利用、增加劳动供给质量具有重要意义。本文使用中国流动人口动态监测调查2011~2016年微观数据,基于城市规模视角分析了农民工教育与职业的匹配状况对工资效应的差别。研究发现:人口规模越大的城市,农民工教育与职业的错配比例越高;中小城市农民工教育过度对工资的影响呈现工资嘉赏效应,大城市农民工教育过度对工资的影响以工资惩罚为主;而教育不足对农民工工资则普遍存在负向影响。农民工教育与职业不匹配对工资影响的理论机制表明,中小城市支持人力资本理论模型,而大城市和特大城市则支持分配理论模型。这意味着,农民工在中小城市表现出学历越高人力资本回报越高的特点;而在大城市,教育与职业适配则更为重要。因此,改善城市层面的教育-职业的适配性,让农民工在城市劳动力市场上自由流动和工作转换,进一步增强城市间劳动力资源的流动是相关政策调节的重点。     

基于用地效率分析的城市区域空间结构极化模型及空间发展战略

不同规模的城市其用地效率具有一定的差异性.本文通过对中国660余个不同规模城市的用地效率分析,在总结和分析了传统城市区域空间结构基本理论和模型的基础上,提出基于城市用地效率分析的城市区域空间结构极化模型.通过理论与实证分析表明,城市发展的方向一极是大型化,发展成为特大城市或超大城市(人口100万-400万);另一极是小...     

论中西部农村土地承包经营权流转的制约因素与破解对策——以湖北、贵州两省的实证调研为依据

通过实证考察湖北、贵州两省近几年农村土地承包经营权流转的现状及对其成因的探析可以发现,中西部地区的农村要达致土地承包经营权规模化经营的理想状态,还有诸多制约因素有待克服。破解之道主要在于应构建有利于促进土地承包经营权流转的配套制度,营造有利于土地承包经营权流转的社会条件和经济环境。     

Construction and validation of a scale to measure tourist motivation to consume local food

Although the importance of the role of local food in tourism has begun to form an academic debate in the last decade, little effort has been invested in understanding what tourist motivations influence consumption of local food and beverages in a tourist destination and to develop a measurement scale for those motivations. Thus, this study adopted the comprehensive procedures of measurement scale development recommended by prior studies. The scale development procedure yielded a five factor measurement scale with acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Five underlying motivational dimensions of local food consumption were labelled: cultural experience; interpersonal relation; excitement; sensory appeal; and health concern. The outcomes and applications of the developed scale are discussed both in terms of theoretical and managerial implications.     

城市安全:生命的呼唤

近年来,城市事故接二连三地发生,反映出城市安全问题的严重性.本文分析了出现问题的主要原因,发出理性的呼吁:城市安全问题必须给予高度重视.城市规模不是越来越大越好;城市建筑不是越来越高越好;城市汽车不是越来越多越好;城市标准不是越来越豪华越好.     

Infrastructure,returns to scale and sovereign debt

This paper explores the nexus between the issue of sovereign debt and investment in infrastructure, emphasizing the case of economies of scale. The focus is on debt contracts that are incentive compatible. It is shown that public and private financial institutions may need to lend amounts above some threshold to force the borrowing sovereign to take full advantage of any economies of scale that may be present. Low levels of lending may or may not result in default. Sufficiently high amounts of lending may be needed to ensure repayment and may prove to be mutually beneficial.     

Attitudes toward Use of Advertising and Various Media Practices by Physicians

Advertising by physicians is a relatively recent phenomenon. The purposes of this study were to determine (a) consumers’ attitudes toward advertising by physicians; (b) whether certain potential consumer demographic variables account for any significant difference in attitudes toward physicians who advertise; and (c) which media consumers feel are appropriate for physicians’ advertising. The intent was to discover information that would be useful to physicians in planning promotional strategies and improving the quality of their advertising. The study seems to confirm the belief of many professionals that advertising and promotion clearly have a place in the future of health care services.     

金融企业规模与效益的相关性分析——基于我国39家上市金融公司的实证研究

近年来，国内金融企业为迎接经济全球化的挑战，纷纷上市。通过实证可发现2007年到2011年上市金融公司的规模呈逐年上升的态势，映射了近年来金融企业热衷于资产扩张的强劲趋势。研究表明，我国上市的金融公司的规模和效益呈轻度负相关。金融企业规模逐年扩大，相对地放松了对与资产相应的收益的要求，其主要的原因是收购和兼并浪潮使资产规模越来越大，政府的扶持和政策的导向使得大型金融机构受到过度保护，以及大型金融企业开始大规模涉足资本市场业务，特别是海外资本市场业务。因此，金融企业需要大力提高经营管理的能力，以规模经济为目标，加强资产负债率的管理，限制高风险业务。     

我国公共基础设施的规模效应及结构效应分析——基于1996-2010的制造业行业数据

基于三要素的成本函数,本文利用1996—2010年20个制造业行业的面板数据,考察了以能源、交通以及邮电通讯为代表的公共基础设施对产业部门的要素投入数量以及要素投入结构的影响。结果表明:公共基本设施投入不仅具有降低行业平均成本的作用,而且对行业成本结构具有显著影响。相对于劳动投入,要素投入更加向资本和中间品倾斜。     

Motion Pictures Industry: Economies of Scale and Trade

Recent economic theories find industrial structure to be an important determinant of the pattern of trade. In the motion picture industry, economies of scale and imperfect competition, in addition to cultural sovereignty, are conditions sometimes used to justify protectionist policies. This paper examines the significance of the capital-labor ratio, VCRs, market share, tariffs, domestic market size, taste similarities, stars and domestically popular films on international trade in the industry. The results indicate that stars and blockbusters in the domestic market do not seem to influence consumption of films overseas, however, external economies of scale are present in the industry, tariffs are effective trade barriers in the industry, and VCRs increase the chances of piracy.