Transformed virtual concepts into reality: Linkage the viewpoint of entrepreneurial passion,technology adoption propensity and advantage to usage intention

The hospitality industry has experienced changes in communication and interaction due to the evolution of new technology. However, there has been limited research on the relationship between entrepreneurial passion, technology adoption propensity (TAP), perception of advantage, and non-fungible token (NFT) usage intention. Despite the challenges in data collection and limited NFT applications, this study gathered the perspectives of 292 hotels and investigated the effects of mediation and moderation on NFT adoption. Results show that entrepreneurial passion indirectly influences NFT adoption through the perception of advantage, TAP, and trust. Attitudes and images also have a moderating effect on the hotel NFT adoption process. The final section demonstrates an alternative model and second-order analysis to ensure the robustness of the proposed model. This study highlights the importance of considering multiple factors when examining NFT adoption in the hospitality industry.     

Attitudes and Donation Behavior When Reading Positive and Negative Charity Appeals

This article tries to clarify whether negative charity appeals (i.e., advertisements emphasizing the bad consequences of not helping) or positive charity appeals (i.e., advertisements emphasizing the good consequences of helping) are more effective. Previous literature does not provide a single answer to this question and we suggest that one contributing reason for this is that different studies have operationalized appeal effectiveness in different ways (e.g., actual behavior, self-rated helping intentions, or expressed attitudes about the ad or the organization). Results from four separate studies suggest that positive appeals are more effective in inducing favorable attitudes toward the ad and toward the organization but that negative appeals are more effective (in studies 1A and 1B) or at least equally effective (in studies 1C and 1D) in eliciting actual donations. Also, although people’s attitude toward the appeal (i.e., liking) was a good predictor for the expected effectiveness in increasing donation behavior (in Study 2), it was a poor predictor of actual donation behavior in all four main studies. These results cast doubt on marketing theories suggesting that attitudes toward an advertisement and toward the brand always lead to higher purchase behavior.     

Attitudes Toward Advertising by Veterinarians

Abstract

Using survey data on 382 participants, we refined and validated the Attitudes Toward Advertising by Veterinarians Scales (ATAVS) with exploratory factor analysis. To measure the participants' attitudes toward veterinarian advertising, we derived factor scores from 11 items on the survey. These scores were divided into high, median, and low ATAVS scores groups. People with high ATAVS scores tended to have a more positive image of veterinarians, were more likely to use the services of a veterinarian when needed, and were more approving of veterinarians using television, radio, newspaper, billboard, direct mail, professional magazines, and popular magazines to advertise than those with median or low ATAVS scores. In general, veterinarians enjoy a positive image among the surveyed consumers, who equally disapproved of the idea of veterinarian advertising through telemarketing.     

Expatriate adjustment as a multifaceted phenomenon: individual and organizational level predictors

A conceptual model is proposed that identifies critical antecedents of expatriate adjustment. Adjustment is conceptualized as the degree of fit between the expatriate manager and the environment, both work and socio-cultural. Adjustment is marked by both reduced conflict and increased effectiveness. As a multidimensional phenomenon, expatriate adjustment can be identified in psychological, socio-cultural and work domains. The model predicts that psychological and socio-cultural adjustment are the most immediate predictors of work adjustment. In this paper, it is asserted that the success of the expatriation process depends not only on the expatriate manager's competencies and skills, but also on organizational (both parent-company and local-unit) support and assistance prior to and during the assignment. Various international human resource management models are utilized to examine the organizational level antecedents of expatriate adjustment. Managerial resourcefulness, acculturation attitudes, personality dimensions and coping strategies are discussed in relation to individual predictors, whereas MNCs' international structure, value orientation, organizational life-cycle, diversity training, strategic planning and socialization are proposed as organizational predictors of expatriate adjustment.     

死刑观的认知基础

民众对待死刑的态度具有复杂性和可变性,他们的死刑观总体上都可以归于“死刑有威慑力”的功利理性和“死刑适用是否公平”的道义理性。功利理性的认知基础包括威胁感知、死刑威慑作用的估计、当前死刑数量的估计、死刑的经济成本等因素;道义理性的认知基础包括公正世界信念、归因方式、对死刑适用中不公平因素的估计等因素。公众对死刑的态度融合了功利与道义两方面考虑,不同情境下会进行相应的权衡取舍。传统文化中的集体主义和现代社会对社会秩序的强调也融贯在一起,影响着人们对死刑的态度。     

The role of sponsorship fit for changing brand affect: A latent growth modeling approach

Using a latent growth modeling (LGM) approach, this study examines the controversial role of perceived sponsor–event fit in inducing changes in brand affect. On the basis of two longitudinal studies related to the 2010 FIFA World Cup and the 2012 London Olympics, the authors determine that fit and brand affect increase linearly over time. Resolving an apparent conflict in the marketing literature, the results show that the initial level of fit relates positively to the initial level of brand affect, but relates negatively to the subsequent increase in brand affect. Moreover, a significant and positive association emerges between the change trajectories, such that a steeper increase in perceived fit results in a faster rate of brand affect improvement. Furthermore, the initial level of brand affect is associated with subsequent increases in neither brand affect nor fit. Therefore, incongruence resolution is key to ensuring that sponsorship improves brand affect. Finally, both attitude toward the sponsorship and event involvement have positive impacts on subsequent increases in both brand affect and perceived fit.     

风险态度与居民财富——来自中国微观调查的新探究

随着资本市场的快速发展,在风险资产回报率剧烈波动的现实背景下,考察居民风险态度关于财富的函数形式对于研究家庭资产配置和相关市场政策的福利影响有重要的意义。本文使用代表性家庭调查数据,首次通过构建绝对和相对风险态度的指标,系统分析了我国居民风险偏好与财富之间的关系。研究表明,居民的绝对风险厌恶系数是财富的减函数,相对风险厌恶系数是财富的增函数,从而拒绝了常用于经济学模型假设的常绝对风险厌恶(CARA)和常相对风险厌恶(CRRA)偏好。进一步,我们发现背景风险可能是财富对风险态度的作用渠道之一,财富的变化改变了投资者面对的背景风险水平,继而改变其风险厌恶程度和对风险金融资产的投资。这意味着平抑经济过度波动等控制背景风险的政策将有助于提高居民金融市场参与的积极性。     

广告结论的明暗示程度对态度形成的影响:认知需求和消费者知识的扰动作用

本文主要研究了认知需求和消费者知识在广告信息结论明暗示程度对态度形成的影响中所产生的扰动作用.参与实验的受访者共有360人.研究表明:相对于明示性的广告结论信息,高认知需求的消费者对暗示性的广告结论信息会产生较佳的态度;相对于暗示性的广告结论信息,低认知需求度的消费者会对明示性的广告结论信息产生较佳的态度.另外,相对于明示性的广告结论信息,低消费知识的消费者对于暗示性的广告结论信息会产生较佳的态度;但广告结论信息的明暗示程度不会影响高消费知识消费者的态度.还有,广告结论信息的明暗示程度不会影响高认知需求且具有高消费知识消费者的态度;反之相对于暗示性的广告结论信息,低认知需求且消费知识低的消费者对于明示性的广告结论信息会产生较佳的态度.     

The New Face of Philanthropy: The Role of Intrinsic Motivation in Millennials’ Attitudes and Intent to Donate to Charitable Organizations

Nonprofits must gain millennials as lifelong donors for future sustainability. The current study aims to analyze the millennials and their intrinsic motivation (Deci et al., 1994), attitudes toward helping others, attitudes toward charitable organizations (Webb et al., 2000), and millennials intent to donate (Bearden et al., 1984) to these organizations. Results indicate that intrinsic motivation is moderately and positively related to attitudes toward helping others. Attitudes toward charitable organizations is moderately strong and positively related to intent to donate. Suggestions toward engaging and motivating millennials include volunteer work that is interesting, enjoyable and valuable to millennials. This study supports previous research on millennials while providing new avenues to engage them such as technology-based solicitations, generational comparative analysis, and intracohort analysis. The implications of this study suggest innovative ways of fundraising such as crowdfunding and social alliances that not-for-profits can tap into to motivate millennials to donate their time and money to their causes.