Fiscal policy and structural reforms in transition economiesAn empirical analysis

This paper provides an empirical examination of the relationship between fiscal balance and structural reforms using panel data from 25 transition economies. The results indicate that privatization and restructuring, via unemployment, affect the fiscal balance negatively. This finding provides support for ideas in theoretical transition economics that maintain that fiscal pressures are most severe in fast-reforming countries. In contrast, price liberalization has a robust positive impact on fiscal performance. In addition, the results differ somewhat over different countries and transition time.     

关于《深圳经济特区政府投资项目审计监督条例》的修正建议

本文主要对《深圳经济特区政府投资项目审计监督条例》在审计内容、决算送审时限、法律责任三个方面存在的问题进行了深入分析,进而有针对性地提出了法规修正建议。     

Auditors' Affirmations of Compliance with IFRS around the World: An Exploratory Study*

It is widely believed that international financial reporting standards (IFRS) have been adopted in many countries, at least for the consolidated reporting of listed companies. However, in nearly all cases, what the rules require is some national or supranational version of IFRS. This might create problems for investor confidence and comparability. We examine what companies and auditors report concerning compliance with IFRS, focusing on the first full year of IFRS reporting by companies in the stock market indices of four major European countries and Australia. We find that, even when companies were complying with IFRS, they were generally not saying so, which seems to miss part of the point of the 35‐year project on international harmonization. In a small number of cases, auditors provided dual reports: on full IFRS in addition to the mandated reference to national GAAP where the latter corresponds with full IFRS. These cases were found only in Germany and the United Kingdom, and mainly related to companies that filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission as foreign private issuers. We propose explanations for the general lack of dual reports and for the exceptions. We call for widespread adoption of dual reporting where a plain report on IFRS is not yet possible.     

浅议文献检索课程教学改革

目前的文献课教学已不能适应当今信息化社会的需要 ,要生存与发展 ,就必须尽快实行教学改革。本文主要论述了网络环境对文献课教学产生的巨大影响以及文献课为适应网络环境而产生的变化和发展     

持续经营有重大疑虑审计意见表达方式实证研究

从理论上讲,审计师在出具持续经营有重大疑虑审计意见时,由于受到经济依赖与审计风险的双重影响,可能存在变通行为。非参数检验结果表明:一方面,持续经营有重大疑虑审计意见的明确表达样本组与隐含表达样本组之间,在持续经营风险上存在显著差异,明确表达样本组的持续经营风险显著地高于隐含表达样本组;另一方面,隐含表达样本组审计师对客户公司的经济依赖显著地高于明确表达样本组。可以推论:审计师进行持续经营有重大疑虑审计意见决策,具体选择明确表达还是隐含表达时,综合权衡了对客户经济依赖和客户持续经营风险。     

从企业成长理论看政府驱动型国企集团内生性缺陷

以资产重组方式推动国有企业集团化发展已成为各级政府一项重要工作。这种政府驱动下的国有企业集团的组建虽然有其合理性,但却违背了企业成长的规律,因而具有先天的内生性缺陷,即企业内部能力的刚性供给无法满足企业资产规模的快速扩张的需要。这种内生性缺陷的一个直接后果是导致部分资产游离于集团公司控制之外,从而给国有企业改革带来负面影响。本文通过Penrose的企业成长理论对政府驱动型国企集团的内生性缺陷进行分析,并以一个案例进行了说明。     

Agro-Manufactured Export Prices, Wages and Unemployment

This article estimates the impacts of world agricultural trade liberalization on wages and unemployment in Argentina in the presence of individual labor supply responses and adjustment costs in labor demand. After a 10% increase in agro-manufactured export prices, I find that: ( a ) the employment probability would increase by 1.36 percentage points, matched by a decline in the unemployment probability of 0.75 percentage points and an increase in labor market participation of 0.61 percentage points; ( b ) the unemployment rate would decline by 1.23 percentage points; ( c ) expected wages would increase by 10.3%, mostly due to higher employment probabilities.     

中国企业研发效率动态演进的背后：市场化改革的力量

本文基于1999—2011年中国省际高新技术产业层面的研发数据,综合运用生产要素产出弹性模型和格林（2005）提出的真正固定效应随机前沿模型,实证检验了市场化改革对企业研发效率动态演进的实际影响效应,并进一步探析国有经济和行业保护政策在市场化改革塑造企业研发效率的过程中所扮演的角色。基于产业维度的核算结果表明,研究期间中国高新技术企业整体研发效率大约偏离最优效率37％～44％,但其在市场化进程中表现出稳步提升的动态演进趋势,研发中间产出效率和最终产出效率分别从1999年的0．403和0．523（0．490）提高到2011年的0．713和0．766（0．755）。更为重要的是,经验证据表明市场化改革确实是推动中国高新技术企业研发效率持续动态增进的背后驱动力量;但国有经济和行业保护政策显著抑制了市场力量对企业研发效率塑造能力的充分发挥,具体表现为市场化改革在国有经济和保护性行业中不仅无法起到提升研发效率的作用,反而还可能具有损害企业研发效率的负面影响。     

Corporate Governance Reforms in India

In recent years India has been moving further in the direction of adopting an Anglo-American model of corporate governance. This decision, the result more of international economic and political pressures than public debate, in effect represents a new development strategy for the world's most populous democracy. In light of this situation, it is important to ask two basic questions: 1) why has the Anglo-American model of corporate governance been adopted? and; 2) can it be justified? This paper addresses the first of these questions by distinguish and examining three historical models of governance in India: 1) the managing agency model in the colonial period; 2) the business house model that emerged after independence, and; 3) the Anglo-American model which has recently been adopted (and is still emerging). The second question is approached through an examination of the "development impact" of the new model, as indicated by such measures as growth, employment and respect for shareholder rights.     

印度电力工业发展:成效、问题与启示

印度电力工业是最早进行市场化改革的领域之一,总体来看,两阶段的改革主要是围绕着电力产业的纵向拆分进行的,主要目标是引入竞争,实现电力工业的经济效益和社会效益的统一。改革虽然取得了显著的成效,但也伴随了一系列问题,如调度不统一、电价过低、设施建设滞后等。基于印度电力工业改革实践问题,得出一些启示。