南京市人口空间变动分析

在1990年到2000年的两次全国人口普查期间,我国的一些大城市已经出现了明显的郊区化现象,某些城市的中心区人口明显减少而近郊区人口迅速增加.与此相比,南京市主城区的人口规模尚未整体下降,但从微观层面来看,中心区的一些街道的人口已经开始减少,而人口增长最快的街区也主要集中在距离中心点5-10 km的近郊地区.     

Book Review Section

J. Hoggett and L. Edwards Accounting in Australia
K. Langfield‐Smith, H. Thorne and R. W. Hilton Management Accounting. An Australian Perspective
B.M. Cunningham, L.A. Niokolai and J.D. Bazley Accounting—Information for Business Decisions
M. Greenstein, and T.M. Feinman Electronic Commerce: Security, Risk Management and Control     

上市公司审计、财务困境与会计师事务所更迭——基于2000-2003年上市公司数据的实证研究

上市公司会计师事务所的更换越来越引起市场、投资者以及研究者的关注。本文主要基于国外的相关研究和中国股市及上市公司的特征，提出八个研究假设，然后构建Logistic回归模型，依据2000-2003年上市公司年报数据进行假设检验，主要考察非标准审计意见、审计者规模、财务困境和审计迟滞与会计师事务所更迭之间的关系。综合Logistic回归分析结果，基本上可以认为，在同等条件下，上年度及本年度被出具非标准审计意见、由规模小的会计师事务所审计、每股经营现金流为负(处于财务困境中)、上年度和本年度审计迟滞时间长的上市公司更有可能更换会计师事务所。同时，被ST以及公司规模小的上市公司更有可能更换会计师事务所。     

法律环境、审计独立性与投资者保护

独立审计的根本功能是为投资者提供保护,但其投资者保护功能的实现需要相应的法律环境作为保障.本文通过模型分析,将法制因素与会计师的独立性变量引入到投资者保护中,考察法律环境、审计独立性与投资者保护之间的关系.我们的研究结果表明:法律对投资者的保护是第一位的;独立审计对投资者的保护是第二位的,当法治环境较薄弱时,其可以充当法律的替代机制为投资者提供保护.     

Disclosure of fees paid to auditors and the market valuation of earnings surprises

We investigate if the SEC’s recently mandated disclosure of fees for audit and nonaudit services paid by firms to their incumbent auditors affected the market’s perception of auditor independence and earnings quality. Following the initial fee disclosures in 2001, we find that the market valuation of quarterly earnings surprises (earnings response coefficient) was significantly lower for firms with high levels of nonaudit fees than for firms with low levels of such fees. In contrast, in the year prior to the new fee disclosures, there was no reduction in earnings response coefficients for firms that subsequently reported high nonaudit fees. Our evidence suggests that mandated fee disclosures provided new information that was viewed by the market as relevant to appraising auditor independence and earnings quality.

The Impact of R&D Intensity on Demand for Specialist Auditor Services*

The audit fee research literature argues that auditors' costs of developing brand name reputations, including top‐tier designation and recognition for industry specialization, are compensated through audit fee premiums. Audited firms reduce agency costs by engaging high‐quality auditors who monitor the levels and reporting of discretionary expenditures and accruals. In this study we examine whether specialist auditor choice is associated with a particular discretionary expenditure ‐ research and development (R&D). For a large sample of U.S. companies from a range of industries, we find strong evidence that R&D intensity is positively associated with firms' choices of auditors who specialize in auditing R&D contracts. Additionally, we find that R&D intensive firms tend to appoint top‐tier auditors. We use simultaneous equations to control for interrelationships between dependent variables in addition to single‐equation ordinary least squares (OLS) and logistic regression models. Our results are particularly strong in tests using samples of small firms whose auditor choice is not constrained by the need to appoint a top‐tier auditor to ensure the auditor's financial independence from the client.     

注册会计师审计独立性影响因素分析及对策研究

我国新颁布的会计准则和独立审计准则于2007年开始实施,这对注册会计行业的发展具有重大意义。我国的注册会计师由于行业起步晚,其审计的独立性还存在着很多问题,既受会计师事务所以及注册会计师内部因素的影响,也受宏观经济环境以及证券市场等外部因素的影响,本文在分析了这些因素后提出相关建议,以期对注册会计师执业实务和理论提供参考。     

《易经》自强思想初探

自强是中国传统道德的重要内容。《易经》中自强的含义包括自强者（君子）的人格特征．即谦虚、谨慎、诚信、胸怀宽阔。要实现自强不息的人格特征需要具备三个必需的前提：志存高远和乐观向上的态度、坚强的意志努力、自制和自我反省。在文化多元化的现代社会里，我们应当继承和弘扬中华民族这种自强不息的精神和美德。     

The influence of jurors' perceptions of auditor tenure on blame

This study investigates whether jurors' judgments of auditor blameworthiness are influenced by the length of an auditor's tenure with a client. We use an experiment to determine whether tenure affects juror perceptions of an auditor's competence and independence. We then examine whether these perceptions influence the attribution of blame. Results, consistent with both sides of the mandatory auditor rotation debate, indicate that tenure has a positive impact on perceptions of competence and a negative impact on perceptions of independence. Further, as juror perceptions of the auditor's competence and independence decrease, attributions of blame increase. These results have implications for auditor tenure research as well as for auditors involved in litigation. By utilizing structural equation analysis, we find that the effects of auditor tenure on perceptions of audit quality are complex. Perceptions of both competence and independence are significantly related to extended tenure; however, these perceptions independently affect the assignment of blame. While longer tenure improves perceptions of competence and lessens blame, it decreases perceptions of independence resulting in greater blame. From a litigation perspective, the auditor's tenure with a client is a double-edged sword that must be addressed strategically in court.     

A longitudinal study of the effects of life status changes on changes in consumer preferences

Marketers and consumer researchers have maintained a long-standing interest in understanding continuities and changes in consumer preferences. The present research attempts to provide explanations for stability and changes in consumption patterns by presenting a theoretical framework according to which the results of previous studies may be recast and further research advanced. The authors develop hypotheses and test them with retrospective and longitudinal data, using alternate measures of key variables. The authors suggest implications of the study findings for marketers and theory development, and they provide directions for future research.