Banking deregulation and credit risk: Evidence from the EU

This paper studies the effect of banking deregulation on credit risk. Its theoretical model shows that a bank is willing to invest more resources in screening borrowers when there is an entry threat, even though loan rates are driven lower. Thus, deregulation may result in improved loan quality and lower credit risk. This result is tested using bank-level balance sheet data and macroeconomic data for the European Union. The data reveal that competition intensified after the completion of the Second Banking Directive, while loan quality improved in most markets. Evidence is found that the loan quality improvement is associated with lower interest margin.     

我国网上银行发展之法律问题

全球银行业正经历着一个激动人心的时代,网上银行顺理成章地成为这一时代的见证和表征。WTO体制下金融业的全面开放将使网上银行业务成为中外金融业竞争的焦点。现行监管模式和法律规制对于网上银行显得力不从心,已不能适应其蓬勃发展的客观需要。就有关网上银行及其业务的的监管模式、归责原则、民事责任等相关法律问题加以探讨,并提出一些浅见。     

银行垄断与银行危机

银行垄断不必然产生无效率，更不用说银行危机了。但是这一状况却出现在我国的四大专业银行上。在这篇文章里，作者指出，由于我们在国有银行作用定位上的错误，强使它们承担了许多本不属于它们的社会和政治的义务，从主观和客观两方面确定了其垄断地位，因此产生了许多严重的问题，如资本金不足，技术上的破产等，尤其是潜在的银行危机。     

Technology gaps in European banking: Put the blame on inputs or outputs?

This paper investigates the production efficiency of 12 European banking systems over the period 1997–2004, taking into account possible technology heterogeneity. Using a non-parametric metafrontier framework, efficiency and metatechnology ratio measures are computed and decomposed into input- and output-invariant components. Empirical findings indicate the existence of significant and rather increasing technology heterogeneity within European banking. A typology of the national banking systems is also developed, based on the overall productive performance with respect to the European technological edge, the absorptive capacity and the role of knowledge spillover effects. Decomposition results draw attention to catching up policies focusing on input and/or output scale adjustments.     

Financial liberalization and banking crises in emerging economies

Financial liberalization often leads to financial crises. This link has usually been attributed to poorly designed banking systems, an explanation that is largely static. In this paper we develop a dynamic explanation, by modelling the evolution of a newly-liberalized bank's opportunities and incentives to take on risk over time. The model reveals that even if a banking system is well-designed, in the sense of having good long-run properties, many countries will enjoy an initial period of rapid, low-risk growth and then enter a period with an elevated risk of banking crisis. This transition emerges because of the way in which the degree of foreign competition, the marginal product of capital, and the bank's own net worth simultaneously evolve.     

Private Car Ownersip Jumps 16% in 6 Months

More than 13 million cars in China were privately owned by the end ＆June up 16% over the end of last year, according to the Ministry of Public Security.     

转型期下岗失业群体的社会保障问题探析

社会保障对于下岗失业群体具有极为重要的意义,但现行的社会保障制度在设置和实践过程中还存在着一些亟待解决的问题。本文主要解析了下岗失业群体的生存困境,并对今后社会保障制度的改革方向进行了探讨。     

Financial reforms in Chinese banking: The impact on personal lending and operational efficiency

The Chinese financial system has historically been one of secrecy, distrust, and corruption. The process does not align with the western standards of transparency and auditing. In contrast to the transaction-based business culture of the West, Chinese business society is relationship-based (quanxi), which still seems to play a key role in the credit decision. With the growth of the emerging middle class, access to financial instruments such as credit cards, life insurance, stock purchases, and the like will play a greater role in the life of the Chinese consumer. Based on these forecasts, the authors recommend seven actions to manage financial activities in China, all of which are explored within this article.     

国有商业银行上市对银行业效率水平的影响——基于Malmquist生产率指数的实证分析

文章基于我国15家各类性质银行在1996-2010年经营效率数据基础上,利用数据包络分析法(DEA),对我国银行1996-2010年经营效率进行总体评价与分析,报告了我国银行业务经营效率水平。通过应用Malmquist生产率指数对银行业务经营效率变动得进行了调查和测量,结果反映了银行上市后银行业效率提高幅度明显,尤其是国有银行进步最快,但我国商业银行普遍存在规模报酬递减的状况,需要进一步提高规模报酬。从动态上看,我国银行业1996-2003年全要素生产率总体上出现小幅的下降,但2004年以后,随着国有银行逐步上市,我国银行业全要素生产率得到了稳步的提升。笔者认为我国银行需不断拓展表外业务、提高日常管理水平、吸收更多高学历人才和增加新兴技术的自主创新。     

The Panzar–Rosse revenue test and market power in banking

The Panzar–Rosse H statistic is a commonly used measure of market power in banking. It is widely believed that $H>0$ is inconsistent with significant market power. This study rigorously disproves that perception. Instead, the possibility of $H>0$ under conditions of substantial market power turns out robust to the timing of banks’ actions, relative costs, choice of strategic variable, degree of product differentiation, strategy (static or dynamic), and degree of heterogeneity in banks’ conduct (collusive versus fringe), and hence may be common in practice.