资本市场的实验经济学方法论研究

随着金融市场理论研究和实践检验的不断发展，资本市场的许多基础理论受到了极大的挑战，与现有理论相悖的异象不断涌现。新近兴起的实验经济学为人们研究资本市场提供了一条更为有效的途径。本文分析了实验方法在资本市场研究中的利与弊，介绍了部分资本市场实验的设计过程，并应用该方法分析了风险与收益、资本市场的效率、市场泡沫的产生和破灭、CAPM理论，以及交易制度等。文章指出，在资本市场中运用实验方法进行研究，具有可控性、可比性以及可重复性等优点，为我们对于资本市场诸多理论进行检验提供了可能。在资本市场实验的设计中，我们不但需要考虑实验的各种交易制度，还需要考虑到被试人员的选择、交易资产的确定以及市场信息的设计等很多问题，只有对这些问题进行全面地考虑，才能保证实验结果的可信度，进而为我们对于各种金融理论的检验提供可能。     

资本项目开放与经济增长研究的比较分析

近年来国外学者对资本项目开放与经济增长相关性进行了大量的实证研究,认为实证结论差异的原因在于度量指标和样本上存在区别。多数实证研究认为发展中国家开放资本项目的收益少于发达国家。本文认为其原因在于资本项目开放后,在增加投资、提高资源配置效率和增加政策约束性方面,发展中国家所获得的收益小于发达国家。因此,发展中国家开放资本项目必须具备一定的宏观经济和微观金融条件。     

Valuation and classification of company issued cash and share-puts

This paper examines whether investors’ valuations of cash and share-put warrants are influenced by their potential differential effect on firm solvency. It is motivated by the enactment of SFAS 150, which requires that all contingent put warrant obligations be classified as balance sheet liabilities regardless of put type. Consistent with the critics of SFAS150, we show that market participants differentially value cash and share-puts based on their solvency characteristics beyond the firm’s recorded assets and liabilities. Our results add to existing capital structure literature by suggesting that complex financial instruments (such as cash and share-puts) be reported separately from each other on a firm’s balance sheet.

An evaluation of SFAS No. 130 comprehensive income disclosures

In this study, we provide evidence on the pricing of other comprehensive income (OCI) that differs from most evidence in prior research. Prior archival research has largely concluded that OCI is not priced by investors. In contrast, we provide evidence in the post-SFAS 130 period that OCI is priced on a dollar-for-dollar basis as is predicted by economic theory for transitory income items. We attribute this finding to our use of post-SFAS 130 as-reported measures of OCI rather than pre-SFAS 130 as-if estimates of OCI measures. Furthermore, we document that two components of OCI, foreign currency translation adjustment and unrealized gains/losses on available-for-sale securities, are priced by investors. In the post-SFAS 130 period, we also find that the type of financial statement in which firms report OCI and its components affects pricing, consistent with the conclusions of prior experimental research. However, our evidence suggests that investors pay greater attention to OCI information reported in the statement of changes in equity, rather than in a statement of financial performance. This could be attributed to investors becoming more familiar in the post-SFAS 130 period with the predominant reporting of OCI and its components in the statement of changes in equity. These findings may be relevant to both the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the International Accounting Standards Board, which jointly are undertaking a new project that, in part, is addressing financial statement presentation of OCI items.

The effect of capital requirement regulation on the transmission of monetary policy: evidence from Austria

This paper analyzes the role of banks’ regulatory capitalization in the transmission of monetary policy. We use a confidential dataset for Austrian banks spanning from the first quarter of 1997 to the fourth quarter of 2003. We find evidence that Austrian banks react in an asymmetric way to monetary policy depending on their regulatory excess capitalization, i.e. low capitalized banks react more restrictively to a monetary tightening than their highly capitalized peers.

Can Capital Income Taxes Survive? And Should They?

The article surveys some main results in the theory of capitalincome taxation in the open economy; reviews recent trends ininternational taxation and discusses alternative blueprintsfor fundamental capital income tax reform from the perspectiveof an open economy faced with growing mobility of capital incometax bases. (JEL code: H21, H25)     

宗族文化与企业并购收益

基于2005年全国1%人口调查、2010和2012年“北京大学中国家庭和个人跟踪调查”(CFPS)数据,本文以姓氏集中度代理宗族文化强度,研究并购双方所在地区宗族文化差异对企业并购收益的影响,发现宗族文化差异越大企业并购收益越高.进一步研究表明宗族文化不会显著影响地区内个体的思维方式或价值观念,但宗族的排外性使强宗族文化地区企业掌握了独有的社会关系网络和社会资本,收购强宗族文化地区企业有助于外地企业进入地方社会网络,吸收地方社会资本,增加市场竞争优势.基于这一现象构建投资策略,收益远超市场表现.本文研究结果对构建投资策略、企业并购决策具有价值.     

跨境资本流动会加大金融波动吗?

日益活跃的跨境资本流动与金融波动的关系备受学术界关注,"国际风险承担渠道效应"的提出使人们开始重视金融中介在其中发挥的重要作用。本文基于全球79个国家1996-2017年的面板数据,采用系统GMM估计方法,考察了跨境资本流动对金融波动的影响,以及"国际风险承担渠道效应"存在与否。研究结果表明:大规模的跨境资本流动会增大金融体系脆弱性,加剧金融波动,对一国金融稳定造成强有力的威胁;跨境资本巨额的流出与流入均无助于金融稳定;跨境资本流动会通过影响金融中介的风险感知来改变其风险承担行为,最终会进一步放大跨境资本流动对金融稳定的负向作用,即存在"国际风险承担渠道效应"。因此,中国应坚持完善跨境资本流动管理体系与健全宏观审慎监管框架,严守资本充足率这一重要风险防线,加强对跨境资本和金融中介行为的监管,维护金融稳定。     

亚洲新兴经济体国际资本流动驱动因素研究——基于GMM模型的实证分析

理解资本流入的驱动因素,对于设计一个有效的资本流动管理政策框架至关重要。本文研究了1998年至2018年间45个新兴经济体面临的各类资本流动的驱动因素,重点分析了资本流向亚洲地区的驱动因素与其他地区的共性和异质性。使用广义矩估计方法(GMM)对面板数据集的实证结果表明,对新兴经济体而言,制度质量和国内因素对吸引资本流入具有重要影响;对亚洲地区来说,人均收入增长和贸易开放是吸引资本流入的重要驱动因素,国内外利差水平和实际有效汇率变动对吸引组合投资和其他投资具有显著影响,VIX指数和影子利率对亚洲新兴经济体资本流动规模的影响也具有重要影响。这表明,在设计管理资本流入的政策框架时,全球经济金融合作和政策协调应被考虑在内。     

科技型中小企业特征与资本市场的错位关系研究

随着社会经济的快速发展,中国已经进入了经济转型期,企业群体的构成也发生了较大变化,科技型中小企业成为当前我国经济发展的重要组成部分。但是,我国现有资本市场的结构和制度安排主要服务于各行业中业绩稳定,具有可持续发展潜力的传统产业中的大中型企业,而科技型中小企业由于规模小,无形资产比重大、业绩不稳定等特征很难得到资本市场的支持。在国家提出自主创新战略背景下,研究资本市场如何为科技型中小企业服务,加快我国产业结构升级,是个迫切需要解决的问题。本文通过对部分国家高新区的调研发现,现阶段科技型中小企业的一些特征与资本市场和服务机构之间均存在一定的错位关系。为解决这些错位关系,提出了未来我国资本市场制度建设的相关建议。