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221.
Abstract. This paper explores the extent to which majority rule is invulnerable to manipulation by individuals and coalitions, even
when majority rule is used to select more than one alternative. The resulting rule may or may not be strategy-proof, depending
on the size of the coalitions that can form, and on the nature of the individual preferences over sets of alternatives. No
individual can manipulate with respect to a wide family of preferences over sets. The only restriction on the domain of true and revealed
individual preferences is that the selection rule is always well defined.
Received: 1 November 1999 / Accepted: 7 May 2001
We thank two anonymous referees for suggestions that have significantly improved the paper. We are also grateful to l'Université
de Caen for sponsoring a Workshop on Social Choice Theory, where a first draft of this paper was presented in May, 1999, and
to the workshop participants for helpful observations. Work on the final version of the paper was done while one of the authors
was a guest of the Project on Intergenerational Equity supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology of
Japan. We are grateful to the Ministry and to the project leader, Professor Kotaro Suzumura, for their support. 相似文献
222.
Simple models of local government behavior predict equal effects of private income and unconditional federal grants on local
government expenditures. Numerous empirical analyses, however, find that the effect of grants is larger than the income effect.
We argue that this flypaper effect may be a result of weak political leaderships in multi–issue and multi–party decision–making
environments. In multi–issue institutions, a strong political leadership may reduce inefficiency due to interest group influence
and inter–party bargaining in the local council. Utilizing data for Norwegian local governments in the 1930s, we find that
political strength reduces the size of the flypaper effect. When the local council consists of only one political party, we
cannot reject absence of a flypaper effect, while the flypaper effect is large in fragmented local councils.
Received: June 2000 / accepted: February 2001 相似文献
223.
224.
The Application of Mathematical Programming Approaches to Estimating Container Port Production Efficiency 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kevin?CullinaneEmail author Dong-Wook?Song Tengfei?Wang 《Journal of Productivity Analysis》2005,24(1):73-92
Container terminal production is both an important and complicated element in the contemporary global economy. This paper aims to evaluate the efficiency of the world’s most important container ports and terminals using the two alternative techniques of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and the Free Disposal Hull (FDH) model. The results give an insight into the current efficiency ranking of the world’s major container ports and terminals. They also confirm expectations that the available mathematical programming methodologies lead to different results and that appropriate variable definition of input and output factors is a crucial element in meaningful applications of DEA and FDH. It is also concluded that the availability of panel data, rather than cross-sectional data would greatly improve the validity of the efficiency estimates derived from all the mathematical programming techniques applied.JEL Classification:C61, D24, E23, L23, L25, L92 相似文献
225.
226.
Tadeusz Bednarski 《Metrika》2002,55(1-2):27-36
An estimation method is presented which compromises robust efficiency with computational feasibility in the case of the generalized
Poisson model. The formal setup is built on flexible nonparametric extensions of the underlying model. The estimation efficiency
is expressed via minimax properties of tests resulting from expansions of estimators. The nonparametric neighborhoods related
to the proposed score function are exemplified and a real data case is analysed. The resulting method balances several qualitative
features of statistical inference: strong differentiability (asymptotic derivations are more accurate), efficiency and natural
model extension (quality of formal basic assumptions). 相似文献
227.
228.
以第三方物流企业的实际需求为例,给出了适合该第三方物流企业商业运作流程的物流信息系统整体解决方案,包括基于J2EE系统技术架构、系统功能、网络体系结构、系统接口等.该解决方案适用于目前大多数的第三方物流企业. 相似文献
229.
REITs在商业地产发展中的运用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
REITs是一种可以使广大中小投资者投资房地产并分享稳定收益的方式。随着我国房地产宏观调控政策作用的不断显现,房地产开发企业所面临的融资条件越来越严格。对于开发投资大,回收期长的商业地产开发来说,发展REITs具有重要意义,不仅能拓宽商业地产开发的融资渠道,还可以分散银行体系的经营风险,防范金融业风险。对国内商业地产开发中存在的问题和在商业地产中引入REITs时开发商应做的准备工作进行了讨论,同时结合美国REITs的经验提出了相关政策建议。 相似文献
230.
基于粒子群优化的模糊聚类分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于求解实优化问题时,粒子群优化算法优于遗传算法。在基于遗传算法的模糊C均值聚类算法基础上,给出了基于粒子群的模糊C均值聚类算法,试验结果表明:该算法克服了传统的模糊C均值聚类算法的缺陷,同时在收敛速度方面明显优于基于遗传算法的模糊C均值聚类算法。 相似文献