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71.
Fiscal policy independence in a European Monetary Union 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Do plans for a monetary union in Europe call for limits on the freedom of the country members of the union to use fiscal policy? In order to provide a tentative answer, we simulate the IMF model MULTIMOD, given various shocks, in the case of a European Monetary Union consisting only of France and Germany. The results clearly indicate the possible value of allowing unfettered use of fiscal policy in both countries. The reasons lie partly in differences in the initial position of the two, partly in differences in their preferences. We also examine the change in the policy significance of the current account in the monetary union. Current account imbalances clearly cease to have the same significance in a monetary union; but they do not therefore become irrelevant. 相似文献
72.
吴秉范 《上海金融学院学报》2011,(1):72-77
财产流转在现代社会中十分频繁,财产保险作为流转安全之保障如果不能随财产流转,就会产生很多问题。现实生活中,因财产保险合同转让产生的纠纷众多。本文由案例所涉及的问题,论述了保险利益对财产保险合同转让的影响;在此基础上,对我国新《保险法》中关于财产保险合同转让的规定进行了评析,并对其中的不足提出了一些完善的建议。 相似文献
73.
民营企业在产权、融资、分配以及信息方面存在的问题是阻碍企业发展的瓶颈,明晰产权、建立完善的内部控制制度,完善信用担保体系、管理信息化等措施,对降低契约不完全性具有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
74.
The agrofood market in China is dominated by spot market exchanges of small farmers and various small traders, with only minor penetration of the modern supply chain at the farmgate. The emerging Farmer Professional Cooperatives (FPCs) are expected to facilitate vertical coordination. The overall goal of this study is to investigate the contractual arrangements between the FPCs and the buyers. Based on a national representative survey of 157 FPCs in China, this study shows that 32% of FPCs introduced written contracts in the primary marketing channel. Contracts are more likely to be adopted in the livestock sector and are positively related to the scale of production. While branding promotes contracts between FPCs and buyers, public certification of quality and food safety often substitutes for contracts. Furthermore, the membership heterogeneity of FPCs affects an FPC’s decision to use contractual arrangements with the buyer. 相似文献
75.
托盘是物流中使用广泛的集装单元器具,在物流系统中发挥着重要作用。本文从我国物流生产中使用的托盘类别介绍入手,分析了在我国广泛使用的五种托盘的结构特点、使用场合和各自优缺点,主要分析和研究了《物流术语》中托盘概念描述的准确之处和欠缺之处,对于物流行业标准提出了质疑,本文必将对进一步准确界定什么是托盘起到积极的推进作用。 相似文献
76.
胡飞 《石家庄经济学院学报》2008,31(6):18-22
长期以来,在贸易条件研究方面,理论界主要关注于贸易条件的变动趋势,而对其波动现象重视不够。文章首先分析了发展中国家贸易条件波动的原因,然后具体探讨了贸易条件波动对发展中国家宏观经济的影响,最后提出了发展中国家的应对策略。 相似文献
77.
基于上市公司逐笔银行贷款合约数据,本文考察了产业政策对信贷资金配置效率的影响。研究发现,当上市公司处于国家产业政策支持的行业时,公司所拥有的政企关系对银行贷款合约制定的积极作用会更大,全要素生产率对银行贷款合约制定的积极作用会更小,基于分省产业政策以及上市公司全部贷款数据的分析进一步确认了上述结论。从影响因素来看,当上市公司为国有企业、所在省份固定资产投资增速越高、法治环境越差时,产业政策的影响会越明显。本文的证据表明,通过加强法治建设、为不同所有制企业提供公平的竞争环境、改善产业政策的制定与实施,能够提升产业政策指导下的信贷资金配置效率。 相似文献
78.
Tom McLean 《The British Accounting Review》2013,45(4):284-296
This research examines cost engineering and costing in a British shipbuilding firm in the late nineteenth – early twentieth century. The firm maintained separate systems of contract accounting, costing and reporting for directors and employed internal data from these systems in performance measurement, the development of managerial incentives and the enforcement of managerial accountability. An apparent gap in the information required to manage the firm in a cyclical and highly competitive industry during a period of rapid organisational and technological change was filled by an informal and personal cost engineering system developed by the shipbuilding manager. The shipbuilding manager's cost engineering system employed a wide range of both internal and external data for use in cost management and in cost estimation, pricing and tendering. Thus cost engineering and costing developed to serve different purposes and developed in different spheres and along different trajectories. 相似文献
79.
David Colman 《Agricultural Economics》2010,41(Z1):1-15
The article addresses (1) the issue of what agricultural commodity prices should be compared to if we are concerned with the welfare of agriculturalists, (2) the general absence of product quality adjustment when analysis is undertaken comparing agricultural to manufactured goods prices, (3) the extent to which energy prices are or will be the driver of both manufactured and agricultural prices, and (4) the importance of considering agriculture's terms of trade (TOT) against the service sector, since the service sector is typically the largest in the economy. It reflects on the basic question of whether the widespread perception “that agriculture's TOT secularly decline” is correct. 相似文献
80.