基于资本账户自由兑换进程中的汇率制度选择

货币可兑换与汇率机制具有紧密的内在联系。人民币汇率机制安排是人民币自由兑换进程中一个关键性问题。更加开放的资本项目需要更加灵活的汇率制度,以市场为基础的、有管理的浮动汇率制度是我国近中期最佳选择。随着资本项目的日益开放,汇率形成的市场化机制逐步提高,应逐步扩大人民币汇率波动幅度。汇率制度的灵活度与资本项目的开放度应保持同步性。     

Fiscal policy independence in a European Monetary Union

Do plans for a monetary union in Europe call for limits on the freedom of the country members of the union to use fiscal policy? In order to provide a tentative answer, we simulate the IMF model MULTIMOD, given various shocks, in the case of a European Monetary Union consisting only of France and Germany. The results clearly indicate the possible value of allowing unfettered use of fiscal policy in both countries. The reasons lie partly in differences in the initial position of the two, partly in differences in their preferences. We also examine the change in the policy significance of the current account in the monetary union. Current account imbalances clearly cease to have the same significance in a monetary union; but they do not therefore become irrelevant.     

中国经济新常态发展成果核算的总量指标选择

中国经济新常态要求对发展成果的核算更加真实和准确,有利于提高经济发展质量和效益。在经济全球化条件下,从反映经济发展成果的真实性和准确性来评价,国民总收入优于国内生产总值,国民净收入优于国民总收入。因此,应当深化统计体制改革,建立以国民总收入和国民净收入为主要总量指标的国民经济核算体系,解决跨国投资收入分割、存货和环境核算等问题。     

人口结构变化对中国资产价格的影响*——理论分析与实证检验

本文引入中国特有的“统账结合”混合社会养老保险制度,构建了一个带有遗赠动机的理性预期代际交叠（OLG）模型,证明了劳动人口占比与资产价格存在正相关关系。在此基础上,本文以股票和商品房两类资产为例,检验了人口结构变化与中国资产价格之间的关系。结果显示,人口结构的变化只对房地产市场价格的变动有显著影响,而这一现象是由中国股票市场、房地产市场、居民金融资产结构等多方面的现实特点造成的。根据本文的研究结果,旨在改善人口老龄化问题的多种政策将有助于促进中国房地产市场的平稳发展。     

中国资本账户开放程度的测算

对我国资本账户开放程度的准确判断是相关理论研究和决策分析的基本前提。从名义和实际两个方面对中国的资本账户开放程度进行测度的结果表明:(1)当前我国的名义资本管制处于中等水平,而实际资本账户的开放水平要远高于名义资本账户开放水平;(2)在存在较大套利空间的情况下,即便存在较为严格的资本管制,资本管制的有效性也很难长期维持;(3)虽然资本管制程度的加强很难对实际的套利资本流动加以控制,但在资本管制措施逐渐放松以后,却很容易导致实际资本流动性的急剧提高,这一点,造成了我国当前资本管制政策的\"两难\"选择。     

对国际贸易中反倾销与应对反倾销的思考

我国现行的职工基本医疗保险实行社会统筹和个人账户相结合的制度 ,其中的个人账户在实际执行过程中暴露了一些问题。本文主张取消职工基本医疗保险的个人账户部分 ,相应实行门诊 (小病 自费的制度 ,即“小病自费 ,大病统筹”。     

中国失衡时代是否已终结

过去十年,全球性不均衡问题逐渐成为各国宏观经济政策的中心议题。本文重点分析了当前中国的外部失衡问题,研究了2008年后促使中国经常账户盈余下降的影响因素,预测了中国外部顺差的走向。本文认为,未来几年中国的经常账户盈余将保持适度。外部失衡不能反映当今中国国际收支的主要特征。随着中国国内经济越来越依赖投资的拉动,内部失衡问题将愈发明显。     

Rhetorics of saving–investment correlations and the international mobility of capital: A survey

This study surveys the literature on saving–investment (SI) correlations and international mobility of capital (IMC) generated over more than three decades since the 1980s. Several studies have shown the presence of paradoxically high SI correlations for the developed countries with observed high IMC, and low SI correlations for the developing countries with observed low IMC. The studies accounting for structural breaks in model parameters provide dominant support for the decrease in SI correlations and increase in IMC after the switch from fixed to flexible exchange rate regime and the removal of policy restrictions on capital flows. The intertemporal optimisation approach to current account and the open-economy growth and dynamic stochastic general equilibrium models mainly provide theoretical predictions and suggest that it is possible to find high SI correlations in the wake of high IMC. The increases in international capital flows have been the natural corollary of the growth of international trade in goods and services and increases in foreign direct investment flows. It is these factors, rather than international trade in capital market securities (bonds and equities) driven by the diversification benefits of financial portfolios per se, that have been the key levers of international financial flows.     

Cointegration Analysis on the Factors that Affect China＇ s Current Account Surplus

利用中国1982～2009年的数据,采用E-G两步法、向量误差修正模型对中国经常项目顺差的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明,经常项目差额占GDP的比率与储蓄率（S/GDP）、净国外资产占GDP的比率（NFA/GDP）、投资率（资本形成总额/GDP）之间存在长期的均衡关系。其中,储蓄率、投资率对经常项目差额的影响较大,是造成经常项目顺差的主要因素。