When do firms choose global cities as foreign investment locations within countries? The roles of contextual distance,knowledge intensity,and target-country experience

Foreign investors generally need to overcome a liability of foreignness stemming from contextual distance between their home country and the target country. We argue that they can limit that liability more easily by investing in a global city rather than elsewhere in the target country. Accordingly, we hypothesize that the contextual distance to a target country has a positive effect on a firm’s propensity to invest in a global city in that country. We also predict that this effect is stronger for investments in knowledge-intensive activities and weaker for investors with more target-country experience in general and target-country experience in global cities in particular. Our hypotheses receive considerable support in an analysis of 11,748 foreign greenfield investments by 1025 manufacturing and service firms during 2008–2012. Our findings suggest that global cities are superior subnational locations for gathering contextual knowledge about target countries and limiting the liability of foreignness.     

The professional service firm (PSF) in a globalised economy: A study of the efficiency of securities firms in an emerging market

This study explores the efficiency of securities firms in Turkey and offers conceptual and managerial insights utilizing data envelopment analysis. Through a sample of local and foreign owned securities firms in Turkey, we examine the impact of liabilities of foreignness (LOF) and localness (LOL) upon knowledge intensive firm efficiency in an emerging market economy. We have extended this approach through our consideration of liability associated with market globalness (LOMG). Our findings indicate the importance of size for firm efficiency with bank affiliation and foreign ownership also having positive effects on efficiency. Our study makes a contribution conceptually, methodologically and empirically to a growing literature on emerging economies. We also make a valuable addition to the limited empirical work conducted on the securities industry to date. Finally, through our contextualization of Turkish securities firms as professional services firms (PSFs), our research extends the narrow focus on law and accounting which currently dominates the burgeoning research strand on PSFs.     

United States and India: two nuclear states with legislation that truly holds responsible parties liable in case of a nuclear accident

Nuclear law tends to be an ‘exception’ to ordinary tort law in many ways. This is due to its early military roots and initial fears of catastrophe containment. Yet, this ‘exception’ is not justified anymore. Producing energy in nuclear power plants is business-as-usual nowadays and is insured by multinational corporations like Swiss Re, Generali, Münich Re, AXA, etc. In this article, a key exception provided by nuclear law will be explained: how suppliers and designers of defective reactors escape any responsibility in case of a nuclear accident. Two nuclear states have adopted laws that deviate from this exception: the USA and India. Indeed, in both the USA and India, suppliers and designers of defective reactors can be held liable in case of a nuclear accident. In this author’s opinion, the nuclear liability package provided for in the laws of the USA and India is a gateway to justice in case of a nuclear accident and should be an example for the rest of the world. Surprisingly, though, both countries are in disagreement on nuclear law issues. Explanations in this article will be given in simple terms, in an attempt to demystify legal issues surrounding nuclear energy. Nuclear energy should not be an exception, and Indian and US laws have understood that.     

地方政府财政支出的民生化进程与农村居民消费——基于总量和分类支出视角下的理论分析与实证检验

基于总量和分类支出的视角,从宏观层面对地方政府民生财政支出与农村居民消费进行理论分析,并采用1998~2011年中国大陆31个省市面板数据加以实证检验,研究结果表明：地方政府民生财政支出确实有效地促进了农村居民消费,尤其是对以教育文化娱乐、医疗保健等为主的发展享受性消费的挤入程度要大于以衣食住为主的基本生存性消费;但在民生财政具体分类支出方面影响却存在着差异,即教育和医疗卫生支出对农村居民消费产生显著的挤入效应,而文化和社会保障等支出影响微弱。因此,在稳步扩大民生财政支出比重的同时,应注重优化民生财政支出结构,增加农村居民收入等,全面提高农村居民消费水平。     

赋予第三者直接请求权与责任保险的风险管控

新《保险法》明确了责任保险中第三者对保险人的直接请求权,受限于中国保险业的发展现状及法律普及程度,第三者直接请求权的赋予将导致责任保险实务中出现新的纠纷,给保险公司带来未知的经营风险。为保证保险公司的稳定经营,有必要加强对诉讼风险的防范,扩大强制责任保险的承保面,加强与新闻媒体及公众的沟通等,以确立对保险公司的利益保护,并以之作为责任保险稳定经营的制度基础。     

论网络金融欺诈犯罪的刑事规制研究

网络金融欺诈犯罪是网络信息技术与现代金融相结合的产物。作为未来金融业务发展的目标模式之一,网络金融交易促进了金融业的繁荣,但金融手段的更新给传统的刑事法律制度带来了严峻挑战。刑法作为重要的部门法,通过构建网络金融欺诈犯罪的刑事法律体系,维护金融交易的有序进行。     

湖南省长株潭“两型社会”建设与低炭经济发展的调查

城市群正成为我国区域经济发展的核心增长极,运用保险手段实现经济与环境的双赢,从而推动区域整体发展是当代区域经济研究的新课题。以长株潭（长沙、株洲、湘潭）城市群为例,随着城市化、工业化的加速推进,客观上需要对可能导致环境污染突发性事件进行防范和化解。实施环境污染责任保险,既是推进“两型社会”建设的迫切要求,也是贯彻低炭经...     

论非法证据排除规则的完善路向——由新《刑事诉讼法》引发的思考

2012年修改后的《刑事诉讼法》所明确确立的非法证据排除规则在规范侦查机关的取证行为、保障基本人权、实现司法公正、维护司法形象等方面具有重要意义。因此,其在新《刑事诉讼法》中的确立在我国刑事诉讼发展历程中具有重要里程碑意义。然而,新《刑事诉讼法》关于非法证据排除规则的法条本身及长久以来的司法传统和现实的司法环境使非法证据排除规则要发挥出其应有的功效还任重道远。因此,进一步完善法律的相关规定,改变一些落后的司法传统,营造依法取证、主动排除非法证据的司法环境是使非法证据排除规则应有功效得到最好发挥的关键所在。     

国际刑事法院管辖权分析

国际刑事法院管辖权是补充性管辖权，在特定情形下对非缔约国也具有管辖权；国际刑事法院行使管辖权的先决条件是必须取得国家的同意，即犯罪地国或被告人国籍国是《罗马规约》缔约国或接受法院管辖权的国家；国际刑事法院管辖权要受到效力范国的限制；国际刑事法院管辖权可由《罗马规约》缔约国、联合国安理会或国际刑事法院检察官启动。国际刑事法院行使管辖权不违背国家主权。     

浅议注册会计师的执业责任保险

随着中国注册会计师业的发展,保险公司也为会计师事务所开设了一个新的险种——注册会计师执业责任保险。本文在介绍注册会计师执业责任保险内涵和意义的基础上,分析了我国注册会计师执业责任保险发展现状的原因,最后提出了推广注册会计师执业责任保险的建议。