Management of Overseas Acquisitions by Developing Country Multinationals and Its Performance Implications: The Indian Example

Developing‐country multinationals (DMNCs) make overseas acquisitions to leverage extant capabilities of acquired companies in order to enter foreign markets and acquire their know‐how to enhance their own competitiveness against global competition at home and abroad. We go “inside the black box” to examine how DMNCs manage those acquisitions and the attendant implications for postacquisition performance. When DMNCs keep the acquired firm “structurally separate” from their own organization and retain its senior executives, they exhibit better acquisition performance. Also, “linking mechanisms” to coordinate interdependencies between the two firms improves performance, especially when the acquired firm is kept structurally separate. Analyses of large‐sample data of Indian DMNCs’ overseas acquisitions show that DMNCs’ light‐handed approach to managing acquisitions, despite acquiring majority ownership in them, seems suited to their acquisition objectives. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

中国企业跨国并购存在问题的分析及思考

近年来,中国企业较大规模的跨国并购频频发生,虽取得了一些成果和经验,但也存在着不少问题和障碍,不但影响了并购企业对外投资战略的成功实施,还有可能对企业的原有根基造成动摇乃至威胁。因此,有必要对中国企业跨国并购存在的问题进行一番分析和思考,并采取相应的对策和改进措施,这是促进中国企业跨国并购健康发展的要求,也是提升中国企业在国际市场整体竞争力的要求。     

Protective governance choices and the value of acquisition activity

Protective governance structure is often viewed as costly to minority shareholders who bear the costs of opportunism by entrenched managers. A less common view is that protective governance encourages value-enhancing initiative, allowing risk-averse managers to pursue projects they would otherwise forgo. To assess these views we examine the acquisition decisions of S&P 500 firms between 1994 and 2005 and document two entrenching dimensions of governance: founding family presence and larger boards with more inside directors. We find that family firms destroy value when they acquire, consistent with an agency cost explanation for acquisitions. In contrast, firms with large boards and more insiders are more likely to acquire and to create value when they do acquire. These results are consistent with benefits to managerial initiative when managers are insulated from discipline. Finally, we find no systematic evidence that shareholder right limiting provisions either facilitate managerial entrenchment or lead to wealth losses through acquisition activity.     

Private benefits, block transaction premiums and ownership structure

A simple model shows that both price premiums and standardized block premiums (SBPs) are biased measures of private benefits because they do not account for the transfer of control effectively taking place with the block. This depends not only on the fractional size of the block, but on the whole distribution of shareholdings. We propose an alternative methodology to measure private benefits which makes it possible to weight the size of traded blocks on the basis of their strategic power. We apply our method to a sample of Italian block transactions and show that the traditional method underestimates control rents. The sensitivity of private benefits to net worth, leverage, and nonvoting shares is also examined. Finally, we show how to forecast the price of out-of-sample blocks of shares on the basis of information on company capital and ownership structure.     

宏观经济环境对并购活动的影响——基于时间序列数据的经验研究

基于宏观经济动因,研究经济发展水平、利率与股票价格指数对我国总体性并购活动的影响,实证检验结果表明：除利率之外,经济发展水平及股票价格均与总体性并购活动存在长期的均衡关系,并且为总体性并购活动的Granger原因;在短期内,经济发展水平波动与股票价格波动对并购活动波动均存在正向影响,而利率波动对并购活动波动存在负向影响。这说明经济发展水平与股票价格是我国并购浪潮的重要驱动因素。     

哈尔滨市跨境电商发展研究

分析我国跨境电商发展趋势,阐述了哈尔滨市跨境电商发展的基本情况和存在的问题,提出哈尔滨市应加快跨境电商综试区建设,力争建成对东北亚和北美的跨境电商枢纽城市,同时有针对性地提出了加强组织领导和资金扶持、加快培育跨境电商主体、推进跨境电商集聚发展等具体措施。     

Maturing born globals and their acquisitive behaviour

Born globals are becoming more common in our interconnected world. While a body of knowledge exists regarding the establishment and early growth of born globals, we know less about how these companies develop. Arguing that acquiring new knowledge, technologies, and products will enable companies to survive beyond their initial success, the current study specifically aims to explore the value of technology-motivated acquisitions, and their effect on performance. To this end, the study employs a hybrid methodology; statistically studying 108 acquisitions conducted by 45 maturing, technology-based born globals in Israel over a period of 10 years, and further substantiate the findings with an in-depth case analysis of four sample companies. The results indicate that technology-motivated acquisitions are valuable in terms of both financial performance and independent survival, but that there likely exists an optimal threshold, indicating that such a strategy, though beneficial, should be carefully managed.     

资本市场错误定价如何影响公司并购

中国资本市场已进入全流通时代,股价的变动是否会影响公司的并购行为尚无定论。本文选取2007-2013年沪深两市A股上市公司并购事件作为研究样本,通过Probit回归模型,验证了市场错误定价假说。研究表明在控制其他影响因素的条件下,股价错估是驱动上市公司并购活动的重要因素之一,股价被高估的上市公司更有可能发生并购活动,并利用公司层面的短期股价高估主动发起并购。     

地方政府竞争范式下的产业集中度提升困境研究——以钢铁行业为例的理论模型分析

产业集中度与经济绩效之间存在一定程度的正相关关系,这一结论已得到国内外研究的广泛证实,我国钢铁、汽车、制造业等很多行业产业集中度普遍偏低,虽然近年中央政府出台政策通过推动行业重组并购等方式努力提高这些行业的产业集中度,但收效甚微。本文在地方政府竞争范式下建立一个由中央政府、地方政府、央企、地方国企、私企等多方参与的模型,对产业集中度提升目标难以实现的原因进行了剖析,找出了困境的症结所在。并以钢铁行业整合为例对建立的模型进行了实证检验,模型得到支持。     

股权并购与目标企业创新产出关系研究——以科技类上市企业为例

将股权并购分为股权转让和增资扩股两种形式,据此分析股权并购对目标企业创新活动的融资作用。基于我国中小板与创业板科技类上市企业并购数据,以专利申请数作为创新产出的代理变量,实证发现增资扩股形式的股权并购能够通过现金转移为目标企业创新活动提供融资渠道从而提高其创新产出。在内生性问题检验中,通过采用倾向性评分匹配技术验证了该结果的稳健性。