原油含氧化合物的分离分析方法研究进展

综述了原油中含氧化合物的分离与分析方法。指出现有原油含氧化合物分析方法中存在的优势与不足,红外光谱法和质谱法并结合其他现代物理分析方法鉴定原油含氧化合物是今后发展的方向,同时为稠油油藏的开采和石油化工过程提供理论依据。     

如何构建油田特色的井站(班组)质量文化

阐述了构建油田特色的井站(班组)质量文化的必要性、构建井站质量文化的具体做法。主要有:建立企业和员工发展目标、搭建员工成长平台、打造团队精神,培育井站质量文化、实施质量文化理念与管理制度的融合、营造和谐愉快的工作环境等。指出,井站质量文化建设是油田企业文化与采油基层单位质量文化建设实践不断融合、相互提升的长期过程,构建油田特色的井站(班组)质量文化必须不断创新内涵、创新方法、创新机制。     

浅谈润滑油产品试验方法标准的编写

润滑油企业试验方法标准与产品标准一样,是企业技术标准的重要组成部分。方法标准统一规定了范围、方法概要、原理、设备与仪器、试剂与材料、试验步骤、数据计算、试验结果分析等要素的编写。根据润滑油产品试验方法的类型,总结了试验方法标准和编制说明的编写,以及对在编写过程中存在的问题进行了分析。     

油藏高含水阶段CO_2水气交替驱研究及应用

针对油田开发中后期含水率高难控制的问题,提出了CO2水气交替驱提高采收率的方法,采取室内驱替实验和矿场试验对驱油效果进行了评价。室内实验表明:岩心高含水阶段水气交替驱提高采收率效果明显,原油粘度和水气体积比对驱替效率的影响存在最佳区间。矿场试验表明:水气交替注入后单井日产油量提高22倍,含水率下降24.7%,阶段累积增油4721.2t,具有向其他高含水油田推广应用的价值。     

我国石油储备发展策略研究

石油是重要的能源和现代工业不可缺少的原材料,其稳定的供给关系到一个国家经济社会的持续、健康发展和国家安全,因此,构建完善的石油储备体系是必不可少的重要措施。石油储备具有实物性、法律强制性、可动用性及公共性等特性,其储备模式主要分为国家石油储备和商业储备。目前,我国已成为世界石油市场需求量第二大国家和增长量最快的国家,同时,石油对外依存度逐年扩大,建立科学完备的石油储备体系亟待我们认真研究、高度关注。通过阐述石油储备的内涵,分析了石油储备的作用和意义,从石油储备立法、石油储备结构完善、石油储备资金筹集等诸多方面,对我国石油储备体系建设的发展策略提出了建议。     

能源多元化趋势下煤炭利用发展前景探析

煤炭一直是我国的主要能源。当前,煤炭在我国能源结构中的地位正面临着其他能源形式的挑战。今后化石能源向可再生能源和新能源转变是能源发展的大趋势,目前还处在化石能源与非化石能源并重、能源使用由传统能源向新型能源转变的转型期,煤炭利用在工业化过程中还有很大的发展空间。煤炭行业应当未雨绸缪,大力促进煤炭向工业原料和油气替代品的转化,积极推进煤炭行业的转型升级。     

脱色条件对稻米油谷维素含量和色泽的影响

稻米毛油中色素的去除与谷维素的保留很难做到同步,因此需要创新的工艺才能得到色泽Y10 R1.0左右、谷维素含量大于10 000 mg/kg的稻米油产品.通过研究影响脱色的混合脱色剂添加量、脱色温度、脱色时间等3个因素对谷维素含量以及色泽的影响,在真空度8 kPa时,筛选出：混合脱色剂添加量6.5％、温度95℃、时间20 min的脱色条件,可以经济环保高效地得到脱色油,并有助于目标产品的实现.     

俄罗斯进口原油中水含量检验标准的比对研究

通过对有关原油中水含量检验的俄罗斯GОSТ标准、ISO标准、ASTM标准以及我国的GB标准进行比对研究,找出了存在于标准间的关键差异点;根据标准规定的方法进行对比试验,发现采用GОSТ和GB标准得到的结果明显存在偏差,此为解决国际原油贸易谈判和争端提供了实验依据。     

Can Indonesia Secure a Development Dividend from Its Resource Export Boom?

Indonesia has enjoyed a long spell of sustained and relatively rapid economic expansion, largely on the back of strong commodity prices. No commodity boom lasts forever, however, and threats to the continuation of this growth are mounting. Indonesia now faces the challenge of locking in gains and setting a course to sustain future development in less favourable times. Post-2000 growth differs from earlier experience in that exports of agricultural products, especially palm oil, have played a leading role. In contrast to the country's earlier oil and gas export boom, the gains from agricultural export growth have accrued mainly to private actors, including corporations, smallholders, and the agricultural labour force, with a much smaller share passing through government budgets. The government can no longer simply mandate the use of funds for development purposes; many other actors and institutions are involved. It is reasonable to suppose that the benefits from such a decentralised export boom would be widely diffused, with relatively large effects on rural and farm households and lower-skilled workers. However, this boom has been accompanied by a sharp rise in inequality and virtually no real wage growth. Moreover, while spending rose robustly during the boom, it is not clear that poor, farm-based households have chosen (or been able) to use gains to smooth consumption or to invest for future generations. The capacity to lock in gains at micro and macro levels is subject to significant policy influence. In line with the maxim that ‘the time to repair a roof is when the sun is shining’, currently healthy global economic conditions present an opportune moment for Indonesian policymakers to take stock and to look ahead, with an eye to optimal development policy settings.     

The impact of world oil price shocks on the Canada/U.S. real exchange rate

This article investigates whether and how changes in the world oil price affect the Canada/U.S. real exchange rate. We applied vector autoregression and vector error correction models for the real exchange rate, world oil price, monetary differential, government spending, and productivity differential between the two countries. Our results demonstrate that a surge in the world oil price will lead to an appreciation of the Canadian dollar in the short and long term. Product differentials and U.S. government spending have a negative impact on the Canada/U.S. real exchange rate, and Canadian government spending leads to a depreciation of the Canadian dollar.