基于Web的动态多媒体创作工具及传输新技术

欧洲统一货币──欧元的出现,对欧洲的政治、经济产生了重大影响,是欧洲一体化进程中的一大创举。欧元启动后,其走势与人们的预期相差较大,原因有多方面。欧元将会进一步推动欧洲一体化向前发展。     

Consumer Ethics in the European Union: A Comparison of Northern and Southern Views

There is a growing interest in understanding consumer ethical actions in relation to their dealings with firms. This paper examines whether there are differences between Northern and Southern European Union (EU) consumers' perceptions of ethical consumer behaviour using Muncy and Vitell's (1992) Consumer Ethics Scale (CES). The study samples 962 university students across four Northern EU countries (Germany, Denmark, Scotland, The Netherlands) and four Southern EU countries (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Greece). Some differences are identified between the two samples, which might question the ability of organisations to consider the EU as one homogeneous market.     

EU Emission Allowances and the stock market: Evidence from the electricity industry

This paper constitutes - to our best knowledge - the first econometric analysis on stock market effects of the EU Emission Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Our results suggest that EU Emission Allowance (EUA) price developments matter to the stock performance of electricity firms: EUA price changes and stock returns of the most important European electricity corporations are shown to be positively related. This effect does not work asymmetrically, so that stock markets do not seem to react differently to EUA appreciations in comparison to depreciations. The carbon market effect is shown to be both time- and country-specific: It is particularly strong for the period of EUA market shock in early 2006, and differs with respect to the countries where the electricity corporations analysed are headquartered. Stock market reactions to EUA volatility could not be shown.     

欧盟商品市场一体化的影响因素研究:基于边界效应的视角

本文选用2000-2005年欧盟成员国之间以及欧盟成员国与外部主要贸易伙伴国之间的双边出口贸易额等数据,使用面板数据方法,基于边界效应的视角,分别探讨了欧盟25国和欧盟15国的商品市场一体化影响因素。结果表明:欧盟这样的区域贸易协定对其成员国具有正面影响。地理临近性和文化联系鼓励紧密的贸易伙伴,距离、税率和人口对双边贸易存在负面影响,这与以往的研究结果相同。非关税壁垒成为重要边界可部分解释欧盟25国的内部边界效应高于欧盟15国的研究结果。     

时序分析在地下洞室变形监测数据处理中的应用

时序分析法是广泛应用于多领域的统计分析方法,在岩土工程数值分析当中也有广泛应用,SAS/ETS(Ti me Series Forecasting)时序分析系统是一种智能化时序分析工具,本文运用SAS数据挖掘工具中时序分析组件对某水电站地下引水发电系统原位监控位移时间序列进行时序预测分析。实践表明,SAS/ETS时序分析方法基本能反映出蕴涵在位移序列中的岩体变形规律,预测结果与实测结果一致,可以运用于工程实践。     

欧盟技术性贸易新壁垒——REACH法规探析及对策研究

欧盟于2006年底通过了堪称史上最为庞大、复杂苛刻的新化学品管理法——Reach法规。其实施必将对世界化工以及相关产业带来重大影响,同时作为一项新的技术性贸易壁垒也将对中欧化工品贸易以及我国化工产业造成重大影响。文章对REACH法规及其将带来的影响进行详尽解析,并从政府和市场层面,为我国相关企业提供应对的措施建议。     

透视国际趋同背景下的欧盟等效会计标准认可

欧盟坚持等效的理念并积极推行"等效会计标准"认可,是基于自身利益考虑和会计准则国际趋同的实际情况做出的理性选择.欧盟已经把美国、日本和加拿大三国列作等效会计标准候选国.我国内地与香港会计准则实现等效有利于今后与欧盟、美国等国家和地区开展会计准则等效工作.我国应坚持"趋同是第一步,等效才是目标"的理念,积极推进我国会计准则国际等效,并力争早日成为欧盟的第四个等效标准候选国家.     

Fiscal policy,government size and EMU business cycle synchronization

We provide new evidence on the effects of fiscal policy and government size on pairwise business cycle synchronization in EMU. A novel time-varying framework is employed to estimate business cycle synchronization and subsequently a panel approach is used to establish the role of fiscal variables in determining the pairwise synchronization observations across time. The findings suggest similarities in the size of the public sector, yet divergence in fiscal policy stance, matter for the determination of business cycle synchronization. Hence, increased fiscal federalism in EMU will contribute to increased business cycle synchronization. Our results remain robust to different specifications and sub-periods.     

Current account and real effective exchange rate misalignments in Central Eastern EU countries: An update using the macroeconomic balance approach

We make an assessment of the current account and price competitiveness of the Central Eastern European countries that joined the EU, using data up to 2016. Foreign capital flows, fiscal balance and relative output growth seem to play a crucial role in explaining the current account balance. The real effective exchange rate gaps behave in accord with the current account misalignments, which clearly display cyclical behaviour. When foreign direct investments are introduced as a determinant, the misalignments are larger in boom periods (positive misalignments), whereas the negative misalignments are smaller in magnitude. Overall, the countries have moved closer to their equilibria since 2010.     

Europe in the midst of China–US strategic economic competition: what are the European Union’s options?

ABSTRACT

Despite President Trump’s announcement of a partial deal on October 11, the prolonged economic competition between the two superpowers does not bode well for the future. Within this context, the European Union faces an urgent question: how to position itself in the US–China competition. This paper aims at addressing this question after reviewing the milestones of the trade war and the consequences for China, the US and EU. This paper concludes that European companies are to suffer from the trade war but some sectors could experience gains. Also, a trade deal which pushes China to reform and open up would also be beneficial. Against this background, this paper reviews the EU’s options in dealing with the two hegemons in the light of their growing strategic confrontation. These options are safeguarding multilateralism, relying on the Transatlantic Alliance and remaining neutral which implies relative more engagement with China on economic matters.