Motives behind willingness to pay for improving biodiversity in a water ecosystem: Economics, ethics and social psychology

This paper reports on empirical work extending the standard economic approach to valuation by including psychological and philosophical factors. More specifically a contingent valuation method survey was applied to biodiversity improvement while simultaneously assessing rights based beliefs, consequentialism and the theory of planned behaviour. The latter was assessed using measures of attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of control over willingness to pay. The results show that standard socio-economic explanatory variables are far inferior to those of social psychology and philosophy, and that these factors offer a better understanding of the motives behind responses to contingent valuation. The implication is that alternative means of measuring an individual's pluralistic values should be taken into account in order to assess the validity and meaning of willingness to pay.     

Higher educational services exports: sources of growth of Asian students in US and UK

The paper reviews the recent trends and current developments in the global higher education market with a particular focus on growth of Asian students studying in US and UK. Using pool cross section-time series data over the 1985–2003 period, it is found that different factors affect students from different countries differently. This suggests that the marketing strategies of offshore higher education providers need to be tailored to the specific needs of different markets in order to be successful. The emergence of a number of new players in the higher education export market is also rapidly becoming a major threat to the traditional higher education service exporters.

The role of customer contact employees as external customers: A conceptual framework for marketing strategy and future research

Existing streams of literature in marketing, management, and organizational behavior are integrated to propose a conceptual framework that highlights the customer contact employee's dual role as employee and external customer of the organization. Several iterative “cycles of success” are proposed whereby job satisfaction, the employee's patronage of the company's products (i.e., goods or services), and job performance (as customer contact employees) are all enhanced, ultimately leading to long-term relationships (with customers and employees) and profits for the organization. The framework highlights the role of internal marketing as a tool for enhancing the competitive advantage gained by strategically considering the customer contact employee's role as external customer.     

Service value revisited: Specifying a higher-order, formative measure

Recent marketing literature pays particular attention to customer value because of the potential impact on customer behavior and, ultimately, firm performance. Whereas some studies conceptualize customer value in a unidimensional manner, more recent approaches take a multidimensional approach, generally conceptualizing value as composed of various benefits and sacrifices. However, nearly all of these studies consider value components in a reflective manner, which is not only problematic but in many cases conceptually incorrect. In addition, recent customer value research includes service components to define and operationalize the construct. This study suggests that customer value in service contexts, or service value, represents a higher-order, formative construct with benefit and sacrifice components. Specifically, the authors propose a formative model of service value with four components: service quality, service equity, confidence benefits, and perceived sacrifice. A multiple-industry study substantiates the contention that this higher-order, formative approach best models value. The results theoretically and empirically support the conceptualization of service value with formative components, and the measure is robust and works well across multiple service contexts.     

生产性服务业FDI对工业效率影响的实证研究——基于行业的动态面板模型分析

在考虑知识流动和制度变迁效应的情况下,采用动态面板数据分析方法,利用2004-2009年分行业的数据,估算了生产性服务业外商直接投资对工业生产效率的影响。研究结果表明:在控制知识流动和制度改善对生产效率的影响之后,信息传输和计算机软件服务业、交通运输和商务服务业、科学研究和技术服务业3个细分行业的FDI与工业生产效率的提升存在显著的正相关性;尽管金融业的FDI增长在统计意义上能显著影响工业生产效率,但效果比较微弱;交通运输和仓储业的FDI对工业生产效率的影响并不显著;知识流动的增强与制度的改善能有效提高工业生产效率。     

碳足迹概念、特征、内容框架与标准规范

碳足迹作为温室气体排放测度指标,其重要性愈显突出,引起了诸多学者与组织机构关注。通过归纳分析学者与组织机构相关研究,明晰碳足迹定义。以生命周期评价为切入点,将其特征归纳为目的性、完整性、一致性、透明性、准确性和可操作性。根据学者与组织机构的研究将其内容框架梳理为11点,并与生命周期评价4个阶段形成对应关系。将出台的碳足迹标准规范归纳为地域、企业和产品3大类,并对各类标准规范的主要内容进行比较分析。最后,对后续研究重点进行了展望。     

服务业的空间集聚与城市经济发展实证研究

城市的本质就在于它的空间集聚性,包括人口的集聚和产业的集聚,而人口的集聚会促进城市生活服务业的发展,产业的集聚会促进城市生产服务业的发展.随着城市经济的发展,越来越多的服务企业或组织会集聚在城市,而服务业集聚已成为城市增强核心竞争力的重要途径.通过提升城市技术边界来促进服务业在城市集聚和通过服务业集聚促进城市经济发展二者间是相互促进关系.     

经济特区中后发展区域从投资驱动向创新驱动转型研究:以深圳龙岗为例

以深圳龙岗区为例,探索经济特区中后发展区域由投资驱动向创新驱动转型路径。首先,从系统论和生态论视角界定了创新驱动的内涵,指出实施创新驱动发展的关键是建立良好的创新生态系统,并以“创新要素树”形象描述创新生态系统;然后,基于波特竞争优势理论,研判出龙岗区正处于从投资驱动向创新驱动迈进阶段;最后,借鉴美国硅谷、新加坡裕廊和以色列特拉维夫的成功经验,提出了龙岗区创新驱动转型的对策建议。     

经济新常态下科技服务业与现代产业联动模式创新研究

经济发展新常态下,现代产业结构升级、创新驱动发展已成为我国的战略要求,而科技服务业是加快现代产业转型升级、促进其高级化进程的重要组成部分,科技服务业与现代产业联动发展是“软化经济”、产业融合趋势下的必然选择与社会发展的客观需求。通过深度挖掘当前我国科技服务业与现代产业之间的相互作用机制,结合当前发展态势,构建了科技服务业与现代产业联动发展的新模式,即以市场导向、双轮驱动、价值创造、动态柔性、二元创新、闭环循环为核心要素,促进两者关系重构、网络扩张和产业深度融合,最终推动科技服务业与现代产业的共同发展。     

中国科协推动科技成果转化的科技服务路径研究

中国科协在承接政府职能转移过程中发挥着重要作用,如何有效发挥科技服务功能推动科技成果转化是值得探讨的问题。近几年来,中国科协网络组织资源和自身优势能力不断凸显,科技服务内容逐步向创新链上下游延伸,对于促进科技成果转化发挥的科技服务作用越来越重要。针对科技成果转化过程中的4个创新环节,基于服务链和创新链相融合的视角,以创新服务需求为导向,提出了科技服务四段论模式,并针对该模式提出了中国科协促进科技成果转化的科技服务路径。