中国城市建设用地空间错位对其利用效率影响研究

研究目的：本文基于2003—2017年全国278个地级及以上城市面板数据,探究不同维度城市建设用地空间错位对城市建设用地利用效率的影响。研究方法：随机前沿生产函数模型测度城市建设用地利用效率,时间—空间双固定的空间误差模型探讨城市建设用地空间错位对利用效率的影响。研究结果：（1）从全国维度的回归结果来看,城市建设用地空间错位度的降低对城市建设用地利用效率具有改进作用。（2）将全国分为东部与中西部两大区域的回归结果来看,东部发达地区的回归结果与全国维度一致,但中西部地区的回归结果显示,随着城市建设用地空间错位度的提高其利用效率也将提高。（3）从不同城市建设用地空间错位类型进行回归,集约型城市（Uclsm＞0）的回归结果显示,随着城市建设用地空间错位度的降低,利用效率会不断提高;粗放型城市（Uclsm＜0）回归结果出现城市建设用地错位度与利用效率之间存在“倒U”型曲线关系特征,即城市建设用地空间错位度的提升对城市建设用地利用效率先有正向影响,但随着粗放程度进一步加大,这种推动作用将会转变为恶化作用。研究结论：中国城市发展应立足当前发展阶段特征,制定实施差别化的供地政策,促进城市人地协调发展。     

Welfare to work propensities: administrative record evidence

The study examines the role of home-to-new-job-hub distance on employment propensity using a unique data set compiled from integrated micro-level administrative records of work-eligible welfare recipients and earnings. Our empirical findings confirm the spatial mismatch hypothesis. Our home-to-new-job-hub distance measure is an innovative weighted measure incorporating both abundance of actual employment opportunities and geographic distance. Other unique contributions of this study include using point-to-point residence and job hub locational information, modelling with community controls and industry-specific analysis. This study also identifies policy implications in advancing employment prospects of inner-city residents receiving government assistance.     

Decision-making mechanism of online retailer based on additional online comments of consumers

With improving capability of providing online comments, more and more e-business firms have been developing their online platforms that enable consumers to offer their comments and user experiences. However, there might be conflicting information contained in initial and additional consumer comments, and that information have different value perceptions for potential consumers. Therefore, it is of great significance for online retailers to investigate subsequent rounds of comments and their relationship with potential consumers' purchasing decisions. Enriching the relevant literature, we develop an analytical model to analyze the impact of online retailers' after-sales service on their profits, leading to discussions of the decision-making mechanism of online retailers. The results show that product pricing is influenced by consumers’ perceived utility through after-sales service, and product-demand mismatch and after-sales service quality play important roles in the performance of the online retailer and the after-sales service expand the amount of positive additional comments, and earn the retailer more profits.     

我国商业银行使用利率衍生品的动因研究——基于资产负债期限错配视角的经验证据

国外研究表明商业银行资产负债期限错配对利率衍生品使用存在正向影响。然而，以我国16家上市商业银行作为实证样本，分析了2006—2012年共计179组半年度数据后却发现，无论是整体资产负债的期限错配还是不同期限结构的期限错配均对利率衍生品使用产生了负效应，进一步的研究还显示出这种负效应无论在规模上还是显著性水平上均与期限错配的期限结构存在正相关性，本文尝试从我国特有的金融体系出发对实证结果进行解释，最后也提出了相关的政策建议。     

Horizontal mismatch and vocational education

ABSTRACT

Recent literature suggests that vocational education and training (VET) provides individuals with smoother transitions into the labour market but lower wages over the lifecycle, compared to general education. A possible mechanism explaining lower wages is horizontal mismatch, defined as a mismatch between the type of qualifications acquired by individuals and those required for their current job. Some studies have found higher mismatch wage penalties when individuals’ education is more specific, suggesting higher penalties for workers with VET. Therefore, we analyse horizontal mismatch in Switzerland, the country with the highest proportion of firm-based VET in the OECD. We use two measures from the Swiss Household Panel that cover different aspects of horizontal mismatch. While we find sizable mismatch wage penalties in OLS estimations, effects are small or insignificant in fixed-effects regressions. This holds for workers with vocational and general education background alike. We conclude that VET is more transferable than often assumed. We finish with recommendations on concept and methods for future analyses of horizontal mismatch.     

中国外汇储备风险及优化管理探讨

高额外汇储备存在极大机会成本和潜在风险。后危机时代中国应借鉴国外多层次储备管理模式,合理控制外汇储备规模增长,优化储备资产及币种结构,注重外汇储备管理的风险控制。     

The process of de-iconisation of an iconic brand: a genealogical approach

Brand iconisation refers to the way a brand comes to symbolise the values, needs, and aspirations of the members of a particular cultural group. More than a decade of research has emphasised the many benefits that iconic brands bring to companies and has identified how brands become icons through a process of matching with cultural opportunities emerging in society. However, the way an iconic brand comes to be de-iconicised and how managers can shield brands from this risk is still under-researched. The aim of this paper is to contribute to knowledge regarding iconic brands by following the life of one iconic brand at national level, examining its history and its impact from the point of view of cultural performance.

Our research contributes to the field of cultural branding through a genealogical study of how a brand becomes a national icon before becoming de-iconicised as circumstances change. Our research identifies five types of brand episode that can lead to de-iconisation. Our research therefore adds new developments to iconic brand theory. It also contributes to discussing the concept of iconic brand resilience, mainly through the role of cultural intermediaries, such as filmmakers.     

中国货币错配总体测度:方法、数据与评估

基于国际上货币错配测度指标,文章提出ACMAQ指标体系,并用这指标体系测度、比较和评估了中国目前总体货币错配并判断其趋势。中国目前面临着巨大的净外币资产型货币错配。绝对量和相对量均在国际上名列前茅。但由于在短期内处于一种净外币资产状态,这种财富缩水还不至于引起债务危机与货币危机,无需过高估计后果的严重性。总体来说,中国货币错配在短期内会继续加剧。     

Aggregation in models with quantity constraints: The CES aggregation function

This paper is devoted to the problem of aggregation in models with quantity constraints. The focus is on quantity rationing macroeconomic (QRM) models where the micromarket outcome can be written as the minimum of several variables and where the diversity of situations across micromarkets is explicitly recognized. The aggregation result given in this paper generalizes that of Lambert (1988) to employment functions with more than two components, and leads to approximate aggregate functions of the CES variety. The approximation used can accomodate general variance-covariance structures. Simulation experiments show that the approximation error remains within reasonable bounds (1–4%). It thus seems that the CES formulation can accomodate a large variety of situations. It remains in particular valid when the (restrictive) conditions required to obtain the CES function as an exact result (independently and identically distributed Weibull variables) are not satisfied. First version received: July 1997/Final version received: March 1999     

商业信贷、融资约束与我国中小企业融资行为——基于江苏省制造业企业的问卷观测和实证分析

与商业信贷在我国中小企业中的作用与地位相比,相关理论和实证研究在国内尤显滞后.作者在对江苏省制造业中小企业问卷调查和计量分析基础上,从微观行为层面揭示了商业信贷在我国中小企业融资行为中的行为模式和运作机理.研究发现,基于企业间商业信用的商业信贷相对发达国家使用不足,是我国中小企业融资难的首因;我国中小企业的自身产业特性和技术能力,决定了其在交易市场上的弱势地位,进而决定了其2/3商业信贷净借出者身份;商业信贷中应收款和应付款普遍的"期限错配"特征,形成在宏观紧缩政策冲击下"银行信贷渠道"和"商业信贷渠道"交互作用机制下的资金链风险.