西藏环境保护新形势下的生态经济发展模式初探

生态经济作为一种全新的经济发展模式,是全球资源濒临枯竭,生态环境趋于恶化的现实下人类必须面临的经济社会发展选择。本文通过描述目前西藏环保工作取得的成效,论述资源产业在当地的发展态势,进而论证西藏选择可以提高资源利用效率和经济发展水平,最终促进区域经济协调发展的生态经济模式的必然性。     

Is there an Environmental Kuznets Curve for clearcutting in Canadian forests?

This study investigates the macroeconomic forces underlying forest clearcutting practices across Canada. In keeping with the relevant literature on environmental degradation, three forces are assumed to influence forest clearcutting: per capita gross domestic product (GDP), technology, and population density. While previous work has used models that assume linear relationships between the latter two variables and environmental degradation, this paper employs a more flexible (quadratic) model. Pooled regression analysis in the Atlantic, Quebec, Ontario, Prairie, and British Columbia regions between 1975-99 indicates that while technological change tends to have an inverted U-shaped relationship with forest area clearcut, population and GDP/capita tend to have the opposite effects. This last variable finding strongly rejects the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis of an inverted U-shaped relationship between GDP/capita and forest area clearcut in Canada.     

创业导向是否有助于提升跨国并购绩效

厘清影响跨国并购绩效的关键因素,提高并购战略的有效性,不仅是“走出去”的企业最关心的问题,也是学界努力探索并希望解决的热点。本文从创业视角出发,回顾和总结了国内外相关理论,并以此为基础将企业创业导向与之所处的动态环境结合起来构建研究框架,提出了创业导向、环境动态性和跨国并购绩效的整合分析模型。通过实证分析,证明企业创业导向与跨国并购绩效之间存在正相关关系,同时动态环境对两者间的关系具有显著的调节效应。     

生态伦理的实践导向及其当代意蕴

持续恶化的生态现实催生了生态伦理学这一新兴学科,生态伦理介于伦理学和生态环境科学之间,不但具有理论性,而且具有很强的实践性。它的产生,是协调人和生态系统之间的关系,求得二者和谐发展的结果。近年来,生态污染、恶化等问题日益严重,之所以出现这种后果,也是人类肆意妄行的结果。因此,只有提高到人类生态伦理道德的高度去感悟和对待这个问题,才能使它得到最终的解决,促进社会和谐进步。     

The effect of environmental complexity and environmental dynamism on lean practices

Increasingly manufacturers implement lean practices to improve operational performance. In addition, manufacturers operate in ever more complex and volatile environments. This research investigates the effects of environmental complexity and dynamism on lean operations and lean purchasing practices. It empirically examines these relationships using archival and survey data from 126 manufacturers. The results show that environmental complexity positively moderates the effects of lean operations and lean purchasing on performance. However, environmental dynamism reduces the benefits of lean operations on performance, but enhances the benefits of lean purchasing on performance. Robustness tests further confirm the contingent effects of complexity and dynamism on lean operations and lean purchasing. This research offers a more nuanced understanding of the effect of external environmental context on lean practices, and suggests that practitioners should carefully consider the external environment when implementing different types of lean practices.     

Linear production function,externalities and indeterminacy in a capital-resource growth model

This paper investigates the equilibrium growth dynamics of an economy whose production is based on natural resources and which seeks to maximize welfare to the local community. This involves determining the optimal trajectories of consumption in the local area and the use of the environmental resource. Economic dynamics are affected by negative environmental externalities which are explicitly included as unfavourable effects in a linear production function. The analysis shows the existence of local and global indeterminacy.     

环境污染治理中企业政府间博弈分析

环境污染限制着国家绿色竞争力的提升,同时也制约着整个社会福利水平的提高。目前我国主要采用行政手段来治理环境污染,但是由于政府和企业之间存在着一定的利益联系,政府制定的环保政策通常无法达到预期的效果。采用新的政绩考核标准,加快产业结构调整,改善产业布局以及引入第三方监督机制是解决环境污染问题的有效途径。     

Designing experiences strategically

Companies willing to enter into the experience economy have available procedures for experience design and evaluation but not for strategic decision-making on what experiences to incorporate into their offering. This study presents a procedure for identifying experiences and for assessing their customer value. The fieldwork consists of a logbook technique for experience identification and their subsequent strategic assessment considering people's perceptions of the influence each experience has in their quality-of-life, their interest in living each experience, and their previous knowledge of each experience. The paper focuses on experiences related to environmental design. In that setting, the procedure led to the identification of 13 different experiences. A clustering analysis identified six groups of experiences accordingly to the perception of 142 persons interviewed: experiences that have a ready market, experiences with a market to captivate, experiences with a potential market, experiences indifferent for a given market, experiences with lost clients and experiences that need a better adjustment to the market.     

Consumers' green involvement and the persuasive effects of emotional versus functional ads

This study compares the effects of four types of ads: a functional green ad promoting the environmental advantages of a product, an emotional green ad using a visual representation of pleasant natural scenery, a mixed type green ad using functional and emotional strategies, and a control group. Findings of an experimental study using a representative sample of U.S. consumers suggest that both the emotional and the mixed-type ads significantly affect brand attitude, mediated by attitude toward the ad. These effects do not depend on consumers' green involvement. Functional ads, in contrast, only impact brand attitudes when involvement, measured as green purchase behavior or green product attitudes, is high.     

Beyond environmental scarcity: Human and social capital as driving forces of bootstrapping activities

Although entrepreneurship scholars highlight bootstrapping as a key resource acquisition approach to respond to the inherent resource constraints that nascent ventures face, little is known about what causes nascent ventures to engage in bootstrapping. Theory highlights the environment as an important determinant of bootstrapping activity. Analyzing bootstrapping behavior of 298 nascent ventures, we find that beyond perceived environmental factors, individual characteristics of the nascent entrepreneurs and factors relating to the embeddedness of the entrepreneurs in the environment determine their venture's bootstrapping behavior. In a more fine-grained analysis we gain insights into how these antecedents shape the use of particular bootstrapping strategies. Findings contribute to our understanding of factors driving resource management approaches in nascent ventures.