技术创新对股权结构与企业绩效的中介效应

基于2013-2017年我国277家创业板上市制造业企业数据,采用中介效应检验方法分析股权结构、技术创新与企业绩效三者间的相互关系。结果表明：①第一大股东持股比例与技术创新、企业绩效间均呈显著正相关关系;②股权集中度与技术创新、企业绩效间均呈显著正相关关系;③在股权适度集中的基础上,股权制衡度与技术创新和企业绩效均呈显著正相关关系;④技术创新部分中介了股权结构对企业绩效的影响。研究结果有助于厘清股权结构、技术创新与企业绩效三者间的相互关系,对于我国企业自主创新能力提升及企业绩效可持续增长具有重要意义。     

George Hudson's financial reporting practices: putting the Eastern Counties Railway in context

George Hudson was the most important railway promoter of his time. He had a particular aptitude for visualizing and arranging spectacular company and line amalgamations and his activities helped to bring about the beginnings of a more modern railway network. In 1849 he exercised effective control over nearly 30 per cent of the rail track then operating in the UK, most of it owned by four railway groups, the Eastern Counties Railway, the Midland, the York, Newcastle and Berwick, and the York and North Midland, before a series of scandalous revelations forced him out of office. The economic, railway and accounting literatures have treated George Hudson as an important figure in railway history, although concentrating largely on the financial reporting malpractices of the Eastern Counties Railway, while Hudson was its chairman, which were incorporated into the influential Monteagle Committee Report of 1849. Relatively little attention has been paid, however, to events at Hudson's other major companies. This paper analyzes the available evidence, particularly that produced by the Committees of Investigation established at all four railway groups, in order to provide a more balanced assessment of George Hudson's approach to financial reporting and thereby place events at the Eastern Counties Railway in a broader context.     

客户集中度、存货周转对电子元件企业绩效的影响实证研究

选取2013—2017年电子元件企业上市公司的面板数据,使用Eviews10软件选用OLS方法研究客户集中度、存货周转对电子元件企业绩效的影响。实证研究发现,客户集中度的提升,不利于电子元件企业绩效的提升;存货周转的加快,有利于企业绩效的提升。研究结果对于电子元件企业的科学管理、创新发展具有一定的指导作用。     

技术导向与市场导向的战略协同研究

对于高技术企业而言,技术创新能力的提升无疑是其生存与发展的根本。但是,由于高技术行业具有高风险、高竞争、高成本等特征,能否进一步获得顾客关系、企业品牌等市场基础资源成为取得长期竞争优势的关键。本文以高技术企业为研究对象,选取2007-2011五年的相关数据,采用逐步扩大检验期间的方法,分别对技术导向和市场导向两种战略行为及其协同效应对企业绩效的影响进行了检验,研究发现：技术导向对企业营业利润率、市场价值均有显著的正向影响,而市场导向对企业市场价值没有显著影响,但对营业利润率具有逐渐增强的正向影响。对营业利润率而言,技术导向和市场导向具有协同效应,采取高技术导向和高市场导向相结合的战略的企业绩效更好。     

交互效应视角下政府补助、内部资源与创新绩效关系研究

以我国战略性新兴产业上市企业为研究对象,构建包含政府补助、内部资源和企业创新绩效的创新系统。建立PVAR模型,通过脉冲响应和方差分解等方法分析系统要素间的动态交互作用。研究结果表明：在企业创新系统内,创新资源促进企业创新绩效提升的效果最显著,政府补助次之,政治资源最弱;进一步探究发现,创新绩效能够实现对内部资源的积极反馈,该反馈作用是快速响应的。此外,企业资源和创新绩效冲击对政府补助的影响程度很小,本期政府补助主要受到自身波动的影响。     

Institutions and economic growth in Portugal: a quantitative exploration

This paper presents a broad diagnostic of the level of institutional development in Portugal in the legal, corporate governance and financial systems. A comparative assessment suggests that Portuguese institutions are less developed than their European Union and East Asian counterparts, more developed than Greek institutions and on a level similar to that of Spanish institutions. We use data for a wide cross-section of countries since 1960 and correlate indicators of institutional development with the long-term average growth rate, identifying issues where reform is likely to significantly affect economic growth. We construct three new indices that measure the potential of institutional reform - the impact of reform on growth, the required reform effort and the efficiency of reform index - by taking into consideration the institutional distance between Portugal and the European Union. These indices measure, respectively, which reforms have the most payoff in terms of growth, which are less costly to undertake and which deliver the most growth per required effort. Our results strongly suggest that in a large number of issues, institutional reform may translate into substantially higher rates of economic growth. Of the ten most promising reforms, six are in the legal area, irrespective of which of the indices is considered. Whereas legal reform is promising at the aggregate and the microeconomic levels, in the financial sector aggregate indicators offer the wider scope for productive reform, while in the corporate governance area it is indices at the micro level that hold the most promise. These results support the view that a comprehensive reform effort is likely to deliver higher rates of growth in Portugal, allowing faster real convergence with the rest of the European Union.Received: January 2003, Accepted: February 2004, JEL Classification: O0, O5, K00, K4, G2, G3This paper is based on Firms, Financial Markets and the Law: Institutions and Economic Growth in Portugal, prepared for the conference Desenvolvimento Económico Português no Espaço Europeu: Determinantes e Políticas, organized by the Banco de Portugal. Financial support by the Banco de Portugal, NOVA FORUM and FUNDAÇÃO Para a Ciência e tecnologia and Polti through feder are gratefully acknowledged. Comments from Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, two anonymous referees and the editor are sincerely appreciated. The usual disclaimer applies.     

科技创新与金融创新耦合系统脆弱性及政府干预

从理论上论述了政府干预科技创新与金融创新耦合系统脆弱性的必要性、途径及作用机制。基于以耦合系统内部结构为表征的实体子系统脆弱性和以公共创新环境、耦合系统综合效益为测评工具的虚像子系统脆弱性3个维度构建耦合系统脆弱性指数,分别采用静态面板固定效应回归及动态面板两阶段系统GMM回归,实证检验了我国政府干预对耦合系统脆弱性的实质影响。研究表明：在各类干预举措中,政府采购政策与知识产权保护政策效应明显,特别是知识产权保护政策效应潜力巨大;财政政策领域明显存在过度干预现象,其它政策效应或不显著或有违初衷,亟待调整与完善。     

知识异质性与知识创新绩效的关系研究

在界定知识异质性和知识创新绩效概念的基础上,基于相关研究文献,提出了知识异质性与知识创新绩效的关系假设,以企业研发团队为例,通过对有研发团队工作经验的142名员工进行问卷调查,并对获得的有关数据进行了分析。研究结果显示:团队成员的教育背景异质性对知识创新绩效产生负面影响;知识技能与职业经验异质性对研发团队知识创新绩效均有积极显著影响,藉此进行了实证分析,进而提出了对策建议。     

金融支持路径对风电产业技术创新影响的比较研究

寻找有效的金融支持路径对我国风电产业突破技术瓶颈具有重要意义。以风电产业为研究对象,建立协整与误差修正模型,分析金融支持与技术创新间的长期及短期均衡关系,在此基础上应用典型相关分析对金融支持与技术创新的具体关系进行讨论。研究表明：金融支持与技术创新间存在长期正向均衡关系,当技术创新水平偏离均衡状态时,误差修正项的反向修正机制可使其恢复到长期均衡;政府补贴对代表技术创新产出的专利数有正向推动作用,银行信贷额对研发支出和固定资产投入具有正向推动作用,股票市场对技术创新的作用不显著。