中国对拉美国家出口贸易影响因素实证分析——基于总量与技术结构视角

本文首先通过计算中国对拉美七国四类制成品出口密集度等,分析中国对拉美地区制成品出口结构;通过考察中国和拉美七国生产要素结构变化情况对中拉要素禀赋差异作深入分析,以期探究中国对拉美制成品出口结构背后深层次原因。然后构建扩展引力模型分别从总量视角和技术结构视角探析中国对拉美货物出口主要影响因素,结果显示拉美国家国内生产总值、中拉要素禀赋差异、中国货币自由度、中国对拉美直接投资水平对中国向拉美出口总量均产生显著促进作用,各影响因素对不同技术类别制成品出口的作用效果存在差异性。为实现中国对拉美出口贸易结构优化升级,推动中国产业结构调整升级,促进拉美地区经济更快发展,研究有针对性地提出了对策建议。     

广州市用水量变化规律分析

结合广州市部分经验调度工况的结果,从宏观角度分析广州市的用水量变化规律及其影响这种变化规律的内在因素和外在因素。分析不同节假日、不同工作时段的用水量变化规律,为优化调度提供参考依据,最终达到节省能源消耗,提高生产效益和经济效益的目的。     

Capital liquidity and residents’ consumption decision: An asymmetry analysis of economic prosperity

Among the current literatures that discuss the influence exerted on residents’ consumption behavior by capital liquidity, some often independently decide the demarcation point of the liquidity restriction that affects residents’ consumption behavior, without taking into account when the economy is flourishing whether residents will be influenced by the restriction of the liquidity that their consumption behaviors can not be fully carried out. We introduce a threshold model which varies according to the actual GDP and other financial indicators (money supply, average stock index and balance of bank loans) to discuss residents’ consumption behavior in China under different economic states. The empirical results show that when the economy flourishes or resuscitates, residents’ income of the same period have not notable influence on their consumption, which suggests that residents’ consumption behavior does not considerably change according to the fluctuation of the current income, but conforms with the constant income-life cycle hypothesis. Moreover, two estimated values 0.7504 and 0.8597, as economic boom measures, all fall in the boom stable stage—basically consists with the early-warning index of the macro-economy boom issued by National Bureau of Statistics of China. It shows that the macro-economic boom is not notablely influenced by capital liquidity, so is residents’ consumption behavior.     

Pollution Control in Open Economies: Implications of Within-period Interactions for Dynamic Game Equilibrium

This paper examines a two-country, dynamic game model of pollution control in the presence of economic interactions between countries within a period, as well as the environmental interaction between periods (i.e., a change in the stock of global pollution). These economic interactions emerge because of changes in the terms of trade of polluting goods or the market share of domestic polluting industries. It is shown that if within-period externalities exist, a noncooperative equilibrium may result in a smaller stock of global pollution in the steady state than does international cooperation. Moreover, the properties of equilibrium paths depend on the direction and size of such externalities. In addition, trigger strategy equilibria that achieve the outcome of the collusive solution are examined.     

基于多维评价模型的农业多功能性价值评估

农业多功能性理念有助于重新全面认识农业诸多功能并为其评价提供分析框架.文章在考虑农业各项功能间相互独立但冲突关系的基础上构建多维评价模型.结合数据可获得性、评价方法与指标选取原则,应用三维评价模型对我国农业的食物生产、经济和生态功能进行定量评价.应用因子分析法对三大功能的主要影响因子进行提取;根据三大功能的价值间不同组合类型,用分层聚类法将我国农业分为九类情景模式.研究结果显示,多维评价模型能够在充分利用现有统计数据的基础上,对农业的生产、经济和生态功能进行较准确的价值评估,模型模拟结果及情景聚类基本符合我国农业发展现状.该多维评价模型具有很大的灵活性,可用于其他领域中不同尺度的多目标价值评估.     

环境污染与区域经济竞争力互动关系的研究——基于西部地区面板VAR模型的实证分析

采用1994-2016年西部地区面板数据,构建面板向量自回归(PVAR)估计模型,实证分析环境污染与经济竞争力之间的动态关系,结果表明：①西部地区环境污染与经济竞争力之间存在交互影响的互动关系,二者之间的关系符合环境库兹涅茨(EKC)曲线的特征。②环境污染与经济竞争力之间不存在长期协整关系,但存在双向的格兰杰因果关系。方差分解结果表明,经济竞争力对环境污染变动的贡献度较大,而环境污染对经济竞争力的影响较小,说明西部地区经济竞争力的提升是以加剧环境污染为代价,而环境污染并不是阻碍经济竞争力提升的重要因素。因此,西部地区应注重产业结构调整与升级,大力发展绿色经济;促进贸易与环境、区域与环境的协调发展;提高环境规制水平,降低污染排放,实现环境保护与经济发展的协同机制。     

The dynamic welfare cost of seignorage tax and consumption tax in a neoclassical growth model with a cash-in-advance constraint

Using a public finance approach, this study investigates welfare costs between seignorage and consumption taxes in a standard growth model. One of these two taxes is used to finance exogenous public spending to balance the government budget. The steady-state welfare cost of consumption taxes is lower if the consumption effect dominates the leisure effect. This paper compares equilibrium along transitional dynamic and steady-state paths and finds that because of lower consumption and leisure and thus higher welfare costs of consumption taxes during early periods, the welfare cost of consumption taxes is larger than the welfare cost of seignorage taxes.     

旅游同城化的动力机制与合作模式研究--以太榆同城化为例

“同城化”是城市化发展到一定阶段而产生的新现象,旅游同城化既是“同城化”的一个重要内容,更是“同城化”的一种创新思维。阐释了旅游同城化的基本内涵,从大量实践中总结出旅游同城化的类型和驱动因素。并以太（原）榆（次）同城化为例进行了实证研究,探讨了太榆同城化的条件和合作模式,得出旅游同城化的合作模式通常是几种模式并存。最后提出太榆旅游同城化的战略构想与实施机制以及实施的具体策略。     

城乡收入差距影响因素的非参数逐点回归解析

文章利用1987-2008年我国的相关统计数据构建了非参数面板数据模型,采用非参数逐点回归估计方法,估计了我国的教育投入、教育产出、城市化水平、经济开放度、产业结构和政府经济行为等变量对城乡收入差距的影响,刻画了各影响因素关于自变量系数的动态演进趋势。研究表明:各影响因素关于自变量系数的逐点估计结果共有四种类型:"倒U型"、"U型"、"上升型"和"下降型";各影响因素对缩小城乡收入差距都有积极的作用,但在不同时期所起的作用不同。     

珠三角制造业的产业结构及竞争力分析

本文以珠三角2004-2008年的30个制造业行业为研究对象,采用动态偏离份额的分析方法来研究制造业的产业结构和竞争力状况,着重从行业特征、产业布局和技术创新等方面分析了原因,并进一步对其优劣势行业进行分析,为其日后支柱产业的选择和优化提供了相关建议。