高校“两课“教学存在的问题与对策之我见

"两课"是对大学生进行马克思主义理论与思想政治教育的主阵地和主渠道,本文分析了"两课"教学存在的主要问题及原因,对提高"两课"教学实效性的对策进行了探索和思考.     

Regulating an externality-generating public utility: A multi-dimensional screening approach

In this paper, I present a monopoly screening model in which a firm holds private information on fixed abatement costs. Because of the nature of the optimal contracts, bunching is never optimal even with ‘n’ distinct types. A characterization of full and limited information solutions is offered and it is shown that the design standards alone determine the value of an information rent. The variable charge is completely free of any marginal information costs. This allows the variable charge to track marginal damages and thereby ensures that marginal social costs are covered. A fixed charge implements the optimal solution.     

A bargaining model of voluntary environmental agreements

We present an explicit model of firm-regulator negotiations in a market with several firms. We describe how the regulatory surplus is distributed between firms and regulator, and analyse the impact of various parameters on the resulting level of environmental regulation. Our main result is that a ‘toughest firm principle’ holds: the outcome of negotiations is essentially determined by the firm with the most aggressive attitude towards environmental control.     

Deregulating Network Industries: Dealing with Price-quality Tradeoffs

This paper examines the effects of introducing competition into monopolized network industries on prices and infrastructure quality. Analyzing a model with reduced-form demand, we first show that deregulating an integrated monopoly cannot simultaneously decrease the retail price and increase infrastructure quality. Second, we derive conditions under which reducing both retail price and infrastructure quality relative to the integrated monopoly outcome increases welfare. Third, we argue that restructuring and setting very low access charges may yield welfare losses, as infrastructure investment is undermined. We provide an extensive analysis of the linear demand model and discuss policy implications.     

市场准入规制与资源的优化配置

本文讨论了政府通过市场准入规制来调节市场结构,优化市场主体资源配置的问题。提出通过选择适当的门槛,政府可以促使企业更加理性地进行市场进入决策,保持市场适度的竞争,提高社会资源的综合利用效率。     

Strategic Regulation Policy in the Internet

Some countries are importers while others are exporters of global backbone connectivity. At the same time, input components such as local access are non-traded. This paper analyzes a non-cooperative regulatory game between importing and exporting countries, assuming that the prices of both traded and non-traded inputs can be regulated. We show that exporting countries choose a more restrictive regulation of non-traded goods than importing countries do. We further show that a requirement of international non-discrimination may hurt importing countries, and give firms producing traded inputs incentives to invest in quality degradation.     

Regulatory and environmental effects on public transit efficiency: a mixed DEA-SFA approach

This paper assesses the impact of regulatory and environmental factors and statistical noise on the efficiency of public transit systems within a DEA-based framework. Using a panel of Italian companies, we implement a DEA-SFA mixed approach based on [H.O. Fried et al. (2002) Journal of Productivity Analysis, 17(1–2), 157–174] to decompose DEA inefficiency measures into three components: exogenous effects, managerial inefficiency and stochastic events. Besides providing evidence on the determinants of input-specific efficiency differentials across companies, the results point out that managerial skills play a minor role, and emphasize the relevance of regulatory policies aimed at replacing cost-plus subsidization with high-powered incentive contracts as well as improving environmental conditions of public transit networks.      

世界遗产“文化自然之旅”与中国 文化景观之贡献

从最近ICOMOS大会世界遗产热点“文化自然之旅”着眼，回溯世界遗产的文化与自然保护发展历程的主要节点，厘清自然文化之旅的历史脉络，助益遗产保护者透彻理解今天国际文件的背景及其重要性，指出文化与自然的融合是国际社会一直努力的方向，中国“天人合一”的文化景观，尤其是中国风景名胜区对世界遗产自然和文化的融合具有重大的价值，应该成为国际“文化自然之旅”的引领者。     

商业银行操作风险管理与监管研究

当前,操作风险已成为银行损失的重要源头之一,国际银行业正在积极研究加强和完善操作风险管理和监管的方法.本文在定性分析操作风险的基础上,概括性地回顾了国际银行业在操作风险管理制度、监管手段和方式等方面的探索,分析了我国银行业操作风险管理与监管中存在的突出问题,并从培育风险管理文化、健全监管制度框架、完善公司治理结构和内部控制、加大风险管理工具开发和创造良好的外部环境等方面提出对策和建议.     

'An awkward fence to cross': railway capitalization in Britain in the inter-war years

This paper examines the related problems of the capitalization and financial performance of the railway companies in the inter-war period. It examines the critics' view that the railways were over-capitalized, and places the debate in context by analysing the dividend and accounting policies of the companies and the consequences for investment. It also examines the conflicting views of railway management and shareholders over capital expenditure. The paper concludes that the railways were both financially over-capitalized and physically under-capitalized, and so faced very serious financial problems that were incapable of resolution within the existing ownership structure.