建立完善的纳税人税收信用机制

稳定可靠的信用体系是市场经济有效运行的基础,税收信用(TAX CREDIT)是社会信用体系的重要组成部分。目前,我国的税收信用机制处于初建阶段,尚不完善。因此,根据纳税人的信用状况、税收信用制度改革状况的分析,建立完善纳税人税收信用机制具有重要的现实意义。     

What prevents consumers that are aware of Airbnb from using the platform? A mixed methods approach

The hospitality sector is now characterised by the co-existence of traditional providers and sharing economy enterprises. It is important to better understand what prevents the use of peer-to-peer accommodation rentals in the tourism marketplace. Adopting a mixed-methods approach, this study first examines travellers’ Airbnb use constraints, and then profiles 252 Airbnb non-users based on their constraints and characteristics. The findings suggest that travellers do not use Airbnb because of distrust in the providers, in the platform and in other users, as well as perceived risk and unfamiliarity. Loss of service quality, lack of local experience, legal and regulatory issues, and disinterest also prevented consumers to book Airbnb accommodations. A cluster analysis divided non-users into three segments: Traditional travellers, Sharing economy misbelievers and Airbnb prospective users. Significant differences based on age confirmed that young travellers are more confident in using peer-to-peer accommodation platforms and more interested in the philosophy.     

融资约束、代理成本与企业创新效率——来自上市高新技术企业的经验证据

本文在构建高新技术企业融资约束指数及测度高新技术企业创新效率的基础上,理论分析并实证检验了高新技术上市企业融资约束与创新效率的关系。结果表明,融资约束会在一定程度上降低企业的代理成本、减轻代理问题的负面影响,从而支持了融资约束的上升会促进高新技术企业创新效率提高的理论观点。     

中国货币条件指数构建及与经济增长的实证分析

货币条件指数作为反映一个国家货币政策松紧程度的指标,自1994年由加拿大银行首次提出后,引起了国际社会的普遍关注。本文选取1998年1季度～2011年3季度间共55个季度的实际利率、实际有效汇率、实际信贷规模缺口作为解释变量,选取实际产出与潜在产出之间的缺口作为被解释变量,使用单方程估计法,通过构造总需求曲线,利用最小二乘法计算各解释变量的权重,得出中国的实际货币条件指数。并通过分析对比中国汇率、利率、信贷规模变动与宏观经济增长之间的关系,验证中国实际货币条件指数对实体经济变动的解释能力。     

Forecasting recovery rates on non-performing loans with machine learning

We compare the performance of a wide set of regression techniques and machine-learning algorithms for predicting recovery rates on non-performing loans, using a private database from a European debt collection agency. We find that rule-based algorithms such as Cubist, boosted trees, and random forests perform significantly better than other approaches. In addition to loan contract specificities, predictors that refer to the bank recovery process — prior to the portfolio’s sale to a debt collector — are also shown to enhance forecasting performance. These variables, derived from the time series of contacts to defaulted clients and client reimbursements to the bank, help all algorithms better identify debtors with different repayment ability and/or commitment, and in general those with different recovery potential.     

融资约束与政治关系——来自深市中小板的证据

本文以2005年至2007年深市中小板上市公司的数据为样本,在控制了相关财务状况、治理结构、行业等因素影响的基础上,对企业投资支出、融资约束和政治关系之间的关系进行实证检验。结果发现:民营中小企业投资支出与内部经营活动现金流显著正相关,原因是民营中小企业面临较强的外部融资约束;无政治关系的民营中小企业与具有政治关系的民营中小企业相比,表现出更强的融资约束,说明政治关系能够缓解中小企业的融资困境,在企业的融资过程中作为一种非正规的替代机制,降低了中小企业的外部融资压力。     

对我国金融信用法制体系建设问题的思考

市场经济条件下,法制是正常的金融信用关系得以维系的重要保障,金融法制建设是完善金融信用体系的重要内容。近年来,我国金融信用法制建设虽有所进展,但与现实的金融经营活动相比仍显滞后及不完善。加快金融信用法制体系建设已成为当务之急。     

Capital accumulation and regulation

This paper sets up a dynamic model that analyzes a bank's capital decision and the impact of this decision on her default risk and lending that affects aggregate output in the economy under regulation. The model shows that even though capital regulation may reduce the default risk of the bank, it may lead to credit crunch, hence the ensuing decline in output in the real sector. Furthermore, it appears that the risk-based capital requirement changes the composition of both liability and asset of the bank's balance sheet.     

基础宽厚、特色明晰的工业设计人才培养体系探讨

文章围绕学校实行学分制以后,如何能兼顾体系性教学与开放式教学二者的优点,为最终形成\"基础宽厚、特色明晰\"的工业设计人才培养提供基础这一问题进行了探讨。