微型金融的普惠效应实证研究——基于6省4220户农户调查数据

本文利用全国6个省份60县4220户农户的调查数据,运用Probit模型实证检验微型金融机构的普惠效应,即小额信贷是否为中低收入和贫困农户提供信贷支持以及能否利用自身特殊的贷款机制拓展农村金融的覆盖面.实证结果发现,微型金融机构能够将信贷服务向正规金融机构无法覆盖的中等收入群体延伸,其普惠效应主要源自其依托现金流为核心...     

我国各省区市金融发展的经济增长效应分析——基于面板数据的时变趋势与区域特征分析

基于31个省区市1994-2005年的经济金融面板数据的实证分析发现.金融规模扩张、结构优化、效率提升确实有助于促进经济增长,且效率提升比规模扩张更有助于促进地区经济增长.金融发展的经济增长效应存在着区域差异,且受各省区市的地区性基础或禀赋因素的影响较大.随着金融体制改革的推进,各地区金融发展对经济发展的适应性逐步增强,但仍受到金融体制的约束,需要进一步深化改革,加快发展.为此,要充分发挥中央政府主导金融制度供给与创新、地方政府主导当地金融生态建设和市场主导金融资源配置的基础性作用,将统筹区域金融协调发展与部分省区市金融率先发展有机统一起来.     

Inducing Downstream Selling Effort with Market Share Discounts

Loyalty discounts and rebates are pricing schemes that offer incentives to buyers for reaching or exceeding certain sales thresholds. In the case of market share discounts, thresholds are expressed as a percentage of the buyer’s total purchase requirements. Although market share discounts may have exclusionary effects under certain circumstances when a seller has significant market power, there are plausible non‐exclusionary reasons for offering them as well. Two such reasons – rent extraction and inducing downstream selling effort – are explored in this paper. The paper considers the case of a manufacturer who sells a differentiated good through a network of heterogeneous, non‐exclusive retailers. The manufacturer offers market share discounts to induce non‐contractible selling effort such as brand‐specific information or customer service from those retailers who possess certain unobservable characteristics. In some instances, market share discounts induce increased selling effort and improve market performance as compared to linear pricing. In other instances, they have no effect on aggregate benefits, but merely shift the rents created by induced selling effort upstream to the manufacturer. In no instance, as long as the producers of substitute goods retain sufficient sales to remain viable, do market share discounts impair market performance.     

对构建普惠金融体系的思考——以吉林省为例

普惠金融是2005年联合国在小额信贷年上提出的一个金融发展的概念。我国的普惠金融发展较为迅速，尤其是针对农业、农村、农民的三农普惠金融发展初具规模，江西、重庆、内蒙古、浙江等地都相继出台各种惠农措施践行普惠金融。吉林省作为我国的农业大省，农村发展的信贷需求较大，本文从吉林省金融的供需现状出发，提出了吉林省普惠金融体系构建的想法。     

澳大利亚布里斯班创意集聚区效应分析及其启示

澳大利亚布里斯班创意集聚区被国际创意产业界誉为创意集群的昆士兰模式。创意阶层吸引效应、创意溢出效应、网络协同效应和用户驱动创新效应是布里斯班创意集聚区的主要效应。中国创意集群应完善生活设施配套,建立集群协调组织,制定集群准入制度,重视展示设施建设,以充分发挥创意集群的效应。     

基于PCAIDS模型的单边价格效应模拟——以国际铁矿石巨头力拓与必和必拓拟议的兼并为例

本文基于爱泼斯坦和鲁宾菲尔德提出的PCAIDS 模型,模拟了国际铁矿石生产和出口巨头力拓与必和必拓之间2007 年10 月提出的兼并的单边效应.研究发现,该兼并对世界铁矿石市场价格将产生重要影响,特别是兼并后形成的新企业将大幅度提高其产品的价格.兼并也会引起印度、巴西和南非铁矿石提价,尽管幅度要比"两拓"要小一些.中国的进口铁矿石主要来自于两拓、巴西、印度和南非,因此,如果"两拓"兼并将极大地提高我国进口铁矿石的成本.     

收入分配、医疗资源与人口健康:一个跨国研究

收入分配与人口健康的关系是一个争论已久的问题。本文在总结各种理论假说和以往实证研究的基础上,使用新的、质量较好的跨国面板数据,重新检验了收入分配与人口健康的关系。本文的分析重点有二:一是收入分配对人口健康的滞后影响;二是医疗资源在收入分配与人口健康的相关关系中所起的作用。本文的主要发现是,收入不均对人口健康的确有不利影响,但这种不利影响需要10年或更长的滞后期才能充分显现出来,这种滞后性是以往使用固定效应模型的跨国研究未能检测到收入不均与人口健康具有负相关关系的主要原因。此外,医疗资源(特别是初级医疗资源)人均拥有量对人口健康有积极作用;医疗资源有可能通过某种不可观察固定因素对收入分配与人口健康的关系发生影响。这些发现有助于澄清关于收入分配与人口健康关系的争论,对医疗政策也有重要参考价值。     

Taking Actively Advantage of MNCs’ Presence

In this paper, not only do we posit that the presence of a multinational corporation may entail significant benefits for the host economy and local firms’ performance, but also that these benefits can be actively sought and dynamically reinforced by local firms through the development of intense, embedded customer–supplier relationships. Building on the relational view, we argue that this may happen through the commitment of resources to relation-specific investments. Our hypotheses find support in a sample of SMEs suppliers of ST Microelectronics, the fourth largest producer of microelectronic components in the world. We show that by making relation-specific investments, local firms can grow quantitatively and qualitatively, improve their innovativeness, and acquire new clients.     

Expectations,network effects and timing of technology adoption: some empirical evidence from a sample of SMEs in Italy

We provide evidence on the influence of expectations and network effects on the timing of technological adoption. By considering a sample of SMEs operating in Italy, we focus on the determinants of their decision to adopt Fast Ethernet, a communication standard for Local Area Networks (LANs). We find that both expectations and network effects significantly affect the timing of adoption. In particular, price expectations generally tend to delay adoption and (indirect) network effects in the form of backward compatibility as well as informational spillovers tend to foster adoption. Firm size also matters.

绿色壁垒的壳层结构及其效应研究

绿色壁垒具有全球性条款、区域性协定和国别性措施三个壳层结构,壳层结构之间和壳层结构内部存在着梯度变化关系,且由外向内依次递增,突破难度依次增大.作为发展中国家的我国产品出口必须有针对性地对这种绿色壁垒的壳层结构实施逐层突破,建立相应的危机预警和防范体系,才能增强其出口产品基于环境的国际竞争力.