商业模式设计如何促进企业可持续导向创新绩效——来自扎根理论的多案例研究

高质量发展背景下,企业可持续导向创新绩效成为学界关注的焦点。基于扎根理论,以6家企业为例,遵循“思维—行为—结果”逻辑,推演商业模式设计对可持续导向创新绩效的作用路径,即商业模式设计—知识治理—可持续导向创新绩效。结果表明：商业模式设计体现的微观、中观和宏观结构层次,与知识治理体现的显性和隐性维度,以及可持续导向创新绩效体现的基础性、发展性和增值性间具有对应逻辑关系。最后,提出注重经济、环境和社会创新绩效协同发展,发挥知识治理桥梁作用等启示。     

基于计划行为理论的知识隐藏行为拓展模型构建

基于计划行为理论(TPB)框架,结合动机理论、社会交换理论、心理占有理论等构建知识隐藏行为形成机制拓展模型。研究发现：(1)知识隐藏态度受到心理距离、结果期望的影响,知识隐藏主观规范受到组织网络结构中网络惯例的影响,知识隐藏感知行为控制受到知识权力、知识心理所有权的影响;(2)知识隐藏意愿受到知识隐藏行为态度、知识隐藏主观规范、知识隐藏感知行为控制以及过去行为的影响,知识隐藏意愿与知识隐藏感知行为控制可预测知识隐藏行为的发生;(3)创新氛围、双元领导和大五人格在知识隐藏意愿与知识隐藏行为之间起调节作用。上述拓展模型的构建有助于提升TPB的解释度并扩大适用范围,深入了解员工知识隐藏行为背后的行为逻辑,对于减少知识隐藏行为、促进知识流动、制定管理制度具有重要理论意义和实践价值。     

Lean principles, learning, and knowledge work: Evidence from a software services provider

In this paper, we examine the applicability of lean production to knowledge work by investigating the implementation of a lean production system at an Indian software services firm. We first discuss specific aspects of knowledge work—task uncertainty, process invisibility, and architectural ambiguity—that call into question the relevance of lean production in this setting. Then, combining a detailed case study and empirical analysis, we find that lean software projects perform better than non-lean software projects at the company for most performance outcomes. We document the influence of the lean initiative on internal processes and examine how the techniques affect learning by improving both problem identification and problem resolution. Finally, we extend the lean production framework by highlighting the need to (1) identify problems early in the process and (2) keep problems and solutions together in time, space, and person.     

北京商务中心区知识工作者过劳状况——现状与对策

目前,国内的过度劳动研究尚处于起步阶段,缺少对知识工作者过度劳动状况的实证研究与理论阐释。本文通过调研北京商务中心区的知识工作者,分析该地区知识工作者过度劳动和工作特性的状况及特征,并以此为数据支撑,从用人单位的角度提出缓解和解决知识工作者过度劳动问题的对策建议。     

The development of critical capabilities in foreign subsidiaries: disentangling the role of the subsidiary’s business network

Within business literature in general, capabilities have advanced to the prime determinant of the corporation’s economic rents. Within international business literature, it is further assumed that multinational corporations can enhance their pool of capabilities through foreign subsidiaries. Foreign subsidiaries are seen as means to assimilate new capabilities from their local, external network and integrate these capabilities into the multinational corporation. Data from more than 2000 foreign subsidiaries shows that some foreign units actually are endowed with superior capabilities which are useful for other corporate entities. It is argued that the development of critical capabilities within these subsidiaries is driven not only by internal corporate actors, but also by external actors. The analysis provides evidence that the role of different internal and external network partners for capability development varies according to the functional activity under consideration. Thus, subsidiaries benefit from various internal and external network actors in very different ways. The contribution ends with some conclusions and some avenues for future research.     

简析小教大专中文专业写作教学定位

探讨小教大专写作教学，根据小教大专的特点定位：正确选择教材，合理选用教法，明确培养目标。深化教学改革，圆满完成小教大专的写作教学任务。     

The functions of the family in the great society

Criticisms by Hodgson and others that Hayek and other Austrianscannot offer a theory of the family are responded to with adiscussion of the functions of the family in a market society.The family can be understood as a bridge between what Hayekterms ‘organisations’, or face-to-face social institutionsand ‘orders’, or the anonymous social institutionsof the Great Society. The family's necessary role is then linkedto familiar Hayekian themes of knowledge and incentives. Familieshelp us to learn the explicit and tacit social rules necessaryfor functioning in the wider world, and families are uniquelypositioned to do so, because it is those closest to us who havethe knowledge and incentives necessary to provide that learning.     

Clusters,knowledge spillovers and new venture performance: An empirical examination

Firms in geographic regions with industry clustering have been hypothesized to possess performance advantages due to superior access to knowledge spillovers. Yet, no prior studies have directly examined the relationship between a firm's location within a cluster, knowledge spillovers and firm performance. In this study, we examine whether technological spillovers explain the performance of new ventures in cluster regions. We find that ventures located within geographic clusters absorb more knowledge from the local environment and have higher growth and innovation performance, but contrary to conventional wisdom, technological spillovers are not the contributing cause of higher performance observed for these firms.     

Organizational knowledge creation theory: A first comprehensive test

Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test Nonaka's ((1994) Organization Science, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 14–37) a priori model of organizational knowledge creation with data collected from 105 Japanese middle managers. The results provide strong support for viewing organizational knowledge creation as a higher-order construct comprised of four knowledge conversion processes: socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization.     

网络嵌入性、知识搜索与企业创新能力关系研究——基于江苏先进制造业集群的实证检验

网络嵌入性是影响企业创新的重要因素。在研究网络嵌入性对企业创新能力影响机理的基础上，进一步探究知识搜索条件下网络嵌入性对企业创新能力的作用。依据224份江苏省先进制造业集群企业数据，运用“网络嵌入性－知识搜索－企业创新能力”模型进行实证分析，研究结果表明：网络嵌入性和知识搜索能力越强，企业创新能力越强；网络嵌入性提高对知识搜索起促进作用；利用型知识搜索在网络嵌入性与企业创新能力之间起中介作用。因此，企业要不断调整在集群网络中的位置，提高知识搜索能力尤其是利用型知识搜索能力，实现集群内资源优势互补，提高企业创新能力。