企业战略中经济利益与环境利益的博弈研究

经济与环境之间博弈一直是人们争论的焦点。根据争议的内容使用分类框架将相关文献分为4类加以分析研究,针对目前研究缺少实践指导的情况,提出基于价值分析的前瞻性环保投资决策方式,使用项目对价值的冲击和资源投入的灵活性两个指标来对前瞻性环保项目可行性进行判断,旨在通过为企业提供可操作性的投资指导,引导企业走适应自身特色的可持续发展之路。     

浅析“互联网+”时代分享经济的大力发展

随着互联网的快速发展,分享经济逐渐由传统向行、住等多种领域渗透,获得人们的广泛关注和使用,正处于经济发展的风尖浪口。虽然分享经济在我国发展较快,但是起步较晚,在发展过程中也会受到一些阻碍,本文主要介绍在互联网+时代分享经济发展的重要意义,当前的主要表现形式以及如何更好地发展。     

以科学发展观为指导促进贵州民族地区经济可持续发展

贵州民族地区经济发展是全省经济发展的重要组成部分。但长期以来,多数民族地区偏重于依靠第二产业尤其是工业增长实现经济跨越式发展的模式。转变民族地区经济发展方式,坚持可持续的发展方向,是民族地区贯彻落实科学发展观的客观需要,是促进民族地区经济又好又快发展的有效途径。     

当前公共突发事件中的政府危机处理主要存在问题探析

突发事件是一种显性社会不稳定现象,主要包括自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件、社会安全事件,具有突发性、公共性、针对性、复杂性和危害性等特点。当前,公共突发事件中的政府危机处理主要存在问题包括缺乏可行的预警机制、信息发布面临挑战、缺乏对公众进行必要和有效的教育与引导、应对公共突发事件的法律法规还不太健全。     

Sources of business fluctuations: Financial or technology shocks?

Despite the widespread belief that technology shocks are the main source of business fluctuations, recent empirical studies indicate that in the absence of financial frictions, a shock to the marginal efficiency of investment is the main source and is closely related to financial conditions for investment. We incorporate a financial accelerator mechanism and two types of financial shocks to the external finance premium and net worth in a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with shocks to the marginal efficiency of investment, the investment-good price markup, and the rates of neutral and investment-specific technological changes. This model is estimated using eleven US time series that include data on loan, net worth, the loan rate, and the relative price of investment. Our estimation results show that the (non-stationary) neutral and investment-specific technology shocks primarily drive output and investment fluctuations, while the external finance premium shock plays an important role for investment fluctuations. This financial shock induced substantial falls and subsequent sharp hikes in the external finance premium and caused boom–bust cycles over the past two decades.     

关于我国发展农业循环经济的思考

农业是国民经济的基础,我国农业资源总量虽然较大,但人均占有量少。传统的掠夺性的农业发展模式对我国农业的可持续发展产生了巨大的压力。发展农业循环经济是我国实现农业经济的可持续发展的必然选择。     

浅谈农村资源管理

为引起人们重视农村资源的管理工作,本文拟就农村资源管理的内容、特点、影响因素及管理中的关键等问题作了探讨。     

Where can obesity management policy make the largest impact? Evaluating sub-populations through a microsimulation approach

Background: There is a critical need to focus limited resources on sub-groups of patients with obesity where we expect the largest return on investment. This paper identifies patient sub-groups where an investment may result in larger positive economic and health outcomes.

Methods: The baseline population with obesity was derived from a public survey database and divided into sub-populations defined by demographics and disease status. In 2016, a validated model was used to simulate the incidence of diabetes, absenteeism, and direct medical cost in five care settings. Research findings were derived from the difference in population outcomes with and without weight loss over 15 years. Modeled weight loss scenarios included initial 5% or 12% reduction in body mass index followed by a gradual weight regain. Additional simulations were conducted to show alternative outcomes from different time courses and maintenance scenarios.

Results: Univariate analyses showed that age 45–64, pre-diabetes, female, or obesity class III are independently predictive of larger savings. After considering the correlation between these factors, multivariate analyses projected young females with obesity class I as the optimal sub-group to control obesity-related medical expenditures. In contrast, the population aged 20–35 with obesity class III will yield the best health outcomes. Also, the sub-group aged 45–54 with obesity class I will produce the biggest productivity improvement. Each additional year of weight loss maintained showed increased financial benefits.

Conclusions: This paper studied the heterogeneity between many sub-populations affected by obesity and recommended different priorities for decision-makers in economic, productivity, and health realms.